High-intensity Interval Training Improves Lipocalin-2 and Omentin-1 Levels in Men with Obesity

Abstract

We investigated the effects of 12 weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on selected circulating adipokines and other cardiovascular diseases risks factors in men with obesity. Thirty men with obesity (age: 24.96 ± 3.11 year, BMI: 30.92 ± 1.04 kg/m2) were randomly assigned to HIIT and control groups. The HIIT group participated in a 12-week HIIT program (5×2 min interval bout at an intensity of 85-95% HRmax interspersed by 1 min passive recovery, three times per week), while the control group maintained their usual lifestyles. Blood lipids, insulin resistance, and select serum adipokines were assessed before and after 12 weeks of the intervention period. HIIT improved body composition and lipid profiles (p<0.05) and also decreased fasting insulin levels (p=0.001) and HOMA-IR (p=0.002) levels. Furthermore, HIIT increased levels of lipocalin-2 (p=0.002) while decreasing omentin-1 levels (p=0.001) in men with obesity. Changes in lcn2 and omentin-1 concentrations correlated with the changes in risk factors in the HIIT group (p<0.05). The results indicate that 12 weeks of supervised HIIT significantly improves both circulating concentrations of lcn2 and omentin-1, two recently described adipokines, and risk markers of cardiovascular diseases in men with obesity. Further research is necessary to understand the molecular mechanisms involved with these changes.

Crucial Regulatory Role of Organokines in Relation to Metabolic Changes in Non-Diabetic Obesity

“…In addition, urinary LCN-2 may be a potential biomarker for early renal injury in insulin resistant obese non-diabetic children [ 47 ], in obese prepubertal children [ 48 ], as well as in H-type hypertension (homocysteine ≥ 10 μmol/L) [ 49 ]. Interestingly, LCN-2 levels increased after high-intensity interval training in obese men [ 50 ] and after a high-intensive vertical run [ 51 ]. It has also been demonstrated that LCN-2 reduces myogenesis, suggesting that LCN-2 may negatively affect muscle physiology when upregulated following high-intensity exercise in mice.…”

The Effect of High-Intensity Interval Training Type on Body Fat Percentage, Fat and Fat-Free Mass: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials

“…Moreover, two eligible articles published results on the same dataset [ 31 , 32 ], and the more comprehensive manuscript was included for analysis [ 31 ]. A further five studies did not indicate a control group [ 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 ], leaving a total of 36 eligible RCTs for final meta-analysis [ 31 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 ]. Of these 36 RCTs, 35 studies assessed changes in BF% [ 31 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , ...…”

“…These RCTs were published in English, between 2008 and 2022 with regions of origin, including the USA, Europe, Asia, and Canada. A minority of studies included both male and female participants (n = 7), whereas 18 studies were exclusively performed with males [ 40 , 41 , 43 , 46 , 49 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 56 , 58 , 73 ] and 11 with females only [ 31 , 44 , 45 , 47 , 55 , 59 , 60 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 67 , 70 ]. The total sample size included 1130 individuals, 551 of whom were in a HIIT exercise intervention group, and 579 served as controls.…”

“…Among the 47 intervention arms from 36 studies, 45 arms assessed BF% changes following HIIT interventions with 30 reporting significant reductions in BF% [ 31 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 47 , 48 , 50 , 51 , 53 , 54 , 56 , 57 , 59 , 60 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 ] compared to the others which did not [ 41 , 46 , 49 , 52 , 54 , 55 , 57 , 58 , 61 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 74 ]. In addition, modes of HIIT exercise varied across investigations such that 17 studies utilized cycling [ 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 …”

The Role of Anti-Inflammatory Adipokines in Cardiometabolic Disorders: Moving beyond Adiponectin

“…A recent prospective cohort study of obese or overweight children discovered that both short-term and long-term lifestyle interventions correlated positively with omentin-1 levels [228]. Similarly, a high-intensity exercise program of 12-week duration and weight loss after biliopancreatic diversion surgery augments plasma omentin-1 levels [229,230]. The widely prescribed medications such as metformin and atorvastatin are also expected to increase serum levels of omentin-1 [84,231].…”