High-Intensity Interval Training as a Tool for Counteracting Dyslipidemia in Women

Abstract

Sedentary overweight or obese adult (age<60 years) women, allocated in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM, =13), dyslipidemia alone (DYS,=12), dyslipidemia associated with hyperglycaemia (DYSHG, N=12), or healthy control (CON, =10) groups, had their lipid, glucose, blood pressure, endurance performance, and anthropometry variables assessed before and after 16 weeks of a thrice-weekly high-intensity interval training (HIIT) program. Triglycerides reduced significantly (<0.05) in all groups, and high-density lipoprotein increased (<0.01) in T2DM, DYS and DYSHG; however, low-density lipoprotein reduced (<0.05) only in DYSHG, and total cholesterol reduced (<0.01) only in DYS and DYSHG. Fasting glucose reduced (<0.05) significantly in T2DM, DYS and DYSHG, but with higher decreases in T2DM and DYSHG. Blood pressure, endurance performance and body composition improved (<0.05) in all groups. The HIIT program was effective for restoring lipid profile of DYS and DYSHG, and fasting glucose of DYSHG to levels similar to those of CON, with a weekly time commitment 25% to 56% lower than the minimum recommended in current exercise guidelines. These findings suggest that HIIT may be a time-efficient intervention for counteracting dyslipidemia.

The Urgent Need for Recommending Physical Activity for the Management of Diabetes During and Beyond COVID-19 Outbreak

“…The current findings are even more alarming when the level of glycemic control is taking into account ( Figure 1). For example, the above mentioned cohort also compared COVID-19 outcomes between patients with poorly-controlled diabetes (blood glucose >180 mg/dl) and well-controlled diabetes (blood glucose between 70 and 180 mg/dl) and found that patients with poorly-controlled diabetes have significant higher incidence of poor prognostic markers (higher rates of: lymphopenia, 49 ; acute heart injury, 9.9% vs. 1.4%; acute kidney injury, 3.8% vs. 0.7%; and septic shock, 4.7% vs. 0.0%), and higher mortality rate (wellcontrolled vs. poorly-controlled diabetic adjusted HR for allcause mortality = 0.13, 95% CI 0.04 to 0.44) (3). In addition, the authors also compared outcomes by matching patients 1:1 for other comorbidities (hypertension, cardio-and cerebrovascular disease and chronic kidney disease), and the increase in severity (ARDS, 14.8% vs. 7.2%; acute heart injury, 6.8% vs. 1.6%; acute kidney injury, 3.2% vs. 0.4%), and higher mortality rate (wellcontrolled vs. poorly-controlled diabetic adjusted HR for allcause mortality = 0.14, 95% CI 0.03 to 0.60) were maintained despite the adjustment (3).…”

“…For example, high-intensity exercise programs with a weekly time commitment 25% to 56% lower than the minimum recommended in current exercise guidelines showed significant improvements in blood glucose, HbA1c, lipid profile (i.e. : total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein and triglycerides), blood pressure, endurance performance, body composition in individuals type 2 diabetes mellitus (48) or with overweight/obesity and dyslipidemia (49). Only one session of exercise is effective to transiently reduce capillary glycemia, insulin sensitivity, and ambulatory blood pressure in individuals with diabetes (35,50).…”

The Effect of All-Extremity High-Intensity Interval Training on Plasma Pentraxin 3 in Young Overweight and Obese Women

“…HIIT could not change FBS in obese individuals, while others reported that glucose and lipid profile improved after HIIT (30). It is reported that improvement in lipid profile after exercise may be related to the baseline level (29).…”

“…Our findings were consistent with those of (27,28) as to changes in IL10 after short-term and longterm lower ergometer HIIT, respectively. According to (29), IL10 was elevated in active healthy elderly men. Thus, it could be deduced that longer duration of training may affect the level this cytokine.…”

“…According to (28,30), weight-bearing HIIT led to no changes in TG, CHOL and HDL. Researchers in (18,29) demonstrated that all ex. HIIT could not change FBS in obese individuals, while others reported that glucose and lipid profile improved after HIIT (30).…”