High intensity interval exercise is an effective alternative to moderate intensity exercise for improving glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in adolescent boys

Cockcroft, Emma; Williams, Craig A.; Tomlinson, Owen W.; Vlachopoulos, Dimitris; Jackman, Sarah R.; Armstrong, Neil; Barker, Alan R.

doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2014.10.001

Cited by 59 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 28 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Acute studies have proposed that HIIE increases glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity (Cockcroft et al, 2015). This response to HIIE is due to a closed integration between the different body systems, especially the metabolic and immune systems.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This method is considered a time-efficient way to improve health outcomes. Furthermore, Cockcroft et al (2015) showed that a single bout of HIIE (8 × 1-min at 90% of the peak power, interspersed by 1.25 min recovery at 20 W) is an effective alternative to moderate intensity exercise to improve glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, and fat oxidation immediately after exercise. Studies have shown that high intensity intermittent exercise (HIIE) alone or combined with strength exercise promoted changes in metabolic and inflammatory responses (Meckel et al, 2009, 2011; Zwetsloot et al, 2014; Cabral-Santos et al, 2015; Lira et al, 2015; Wadley et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Inflammatory Cytokines and BDNF Response to High-Intensity Intermittent Exercise: Effect the Exercise Volume

Cabral-Santos¹,

Castrillón²,

Miranda³

et al. 2016

Front. Physiol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of two similar high-intensity intermittent exercises (HIIE) but different volume 1.25 km (HIIE1.25) and 2.5 km (HIIE2.5) on inflammatory and BDNF responses. Ten physically active male subjects (age 25.22 ± 1.74 years, body mass 78.98 ± 7.31 kg, height 1.78 ± 0.06 m, VO2peak 59.94 ± 9.38 ml·kg·min−1) performed an incremental treadmill exercise test and randomly completed two sessions of HIIE on a treadmill (1:1 min at vVO2max with passive recovery). Blood samples were collected at rest, immediately and 60-min after the exercise sessions. Serum was analyzed for glucose, lactate, IL-6, IL-10, and BDNF levels. Blood lactate concentrations was higher immediately post-exercise compared to rest (HIIE1.25: 1.69 ± 0.26–7.78 ± 2.09 mmol·L−1, and HIIE2.5: 1.89 ± 0.26–7.38 ± 2.57 mmol·L−1, p < 0.0001). Glucose concentrations did not present changes under the different conditions, however, levels were higher 60-min post-exercise than at rest only in the HIIE1.25 condition (rest: 76.80 ± 11.14–97.84 ± 24.87 mg·dL−1, p < 0.05). BDNF level increased immediately after exercise in both protocols (HIIE1.25: 9.71 ± 306–17.86 ± 8.59 ng.mL−1, and HIIE2.5: 11.83 ± 5.82–22.84 ± 10.30 ng.mL−1). Although both exercises increased IL-6, level percent between rest and immediately after exercise was higher in the HIIE2.5 than HIIE1.25 (30 and 10%; p = 0.014, respectively). Moreover, IL-10 levels percent increase between immediately and 60-min post-exercise was higher in HIIE2.5 than HIIE1.25 (37 and 10%; p = 0.012, respectively). In conclusion, both HIIE protocols with the same intensity were effective to increase BDNF and IL-6 levels immediately after exercise while only IL-10 response was related to the durantion of exercise indicanting the importance of this exercise prescription variable.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammatory Cytokines and BDNF Response to High-Intensity Intermittent Exercise: Effect the Exercise Volume

Cabral-Santos¹,

Castrillón²,

Miranda³

et al. 2016

Front. Physiol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It is most likely to participate in repetitive training sessions and competition events on a daily basis and for prolonged periods of time. Exercise training has been shown to promote a number of positive health- and performance-related adaptations in both adults and children [68,69,70]. It would be very interesting to know whether the pro-oxidant and, more importantly, the anti-oxidant mechanism respond to a training stimulus in the pediatric population.…”

Section: Responses To Chronic Exercisementioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise-Induced Oxidative Stress Responses in the Pediatric Population

et al. 2017

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Adults demonstrate an upregulation of their pro- and anti-oxidant mechanisms in response to acute exercise while systematic exercise training enhances their antioxidant capacity, thereby leading to a reduced generation of free radicals both at rest and in response to exercise stress. However, less information exists regarding oxidative stress responses and the underlying mechanisms in the pediatric population. Evidence suggests that exercise-induced redox perturbations may be valuable in order to monitor exercise-induced inflammatory responses and as such training overload in children and adolescents as well as monitor optimal growth and development. The purpose of this review was to provide an update on oxidative stress responses to acute and chronic exercise in youth. It has been documented that acute exercise induces age-specific transient alterations in both oxidant and antioxidant markers in children and adolescents. However, these responses seem to be affected by factors such as training phase, training load, fitness level, mode of exercise etc. In relation to chronic adaptation, the role of training on oxidative stress adaptation has not been adequately investigated. The two studies performed so far indicate that children and adolescents exhibit positive adaptations of their antioxidant system, as adults do. More studies are needed in order to shed light on oxidative stress and antioxidant responses, following acute exercise and training adaptations in youth. Available evidence suggests that small amounts of oxidative stress may be necessary for growth whereas the transition to adolescence from childhood may promote maturation of pro- and anti-oxidant mechanisms. Available evidence also suggests that obesity may negatively affect basal and exercise-related antioxidant responses in the peripubertal period during pre- and early-puberty.

show abstract

“…The risk of nocturnal hypoglycemia after HIIE in youth with T1D is poorly understood, but is likely due to HIIE having greater insulin sensitizing effects than MIE (Cockcroft et al. 2015). This is indirectly supported in the present study by an increase in the insulin:CHO ratio in both exercise conditions but not CON, with a larger increase after HIIE.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In healthy adolescents a single bout of time efficient high‐intensity interval exercise (HIIE) has been shown to improve glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity (Cockcroft et al. 2015), suggesting that HIIE may be a strategy to manage glycemic control in youth with T1D. While an acute bout of HIIE has been shown to improve postprandial and 24‐h glycemic control in adults with type two diabetes mellitus (Gillen et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-intensity interval exercise and glycemic control in adolescents with type one diabetes mellitus: a case study

et al. 2017

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Current physical activity guidelines for youth with type 1 diabetes (T1D) are poorly supported by empirical evidence and the optimal dose of physical activity to improve glycemic control is unknown. This case report documents the effect of acute high‐intensity interval exercise (HIIE) and moderate‐intensity exercise (MIE) on 24‐h glycemic control in three adolescents with T1D using continuous glucose monitoring. Results highlight varied individual response to exercise across the participants. In two participants both MIE and HIIE resulted in a drop in blood glucose during exercise (−38 to −42% for MIE and −21–46% in HIIE) and in one participant both MIE and HIIE resulted in increased blood glucose (+19% and + 36%, respectively). Over the 24‐h period average blood glucose was lower for all participants in the HIIE condition, and for two for the MIE condition, compared to no exercise. All three participants reported HIIE to be more enjoyable than MIE. These data show both HIIE and MIE have the potential to improve short‐term glycemic control in youth with T1D but HIIE was more enjoyable. Future work with a larger sample size is required to explore the potential for HIIE to improve health markers in youth with T1D.

show abstract

High intensity interval exercise is an effective alternative to moderate intensity exercise for improving glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in adolescent boys

Abstract: A single bout of time efficient HIIE is an effective alternative to MIE for improving glucose tolerance and IS in adolescent boys immediately after exercise.

Cited by 59 publications

References 28 publications

Inflammatory Cytokines and BDNF Response to High-Intensity Intermittent Exercise: Effect the Exercise Volume

Inflammatory Cytokines and BDNF Response to High-Intensity Intermittent Exercise: Effect the Exercise Volume

Exercise-Induced Oxidative Stress Responses in the Pediatric Population

High-intensity interval exercise and glycemic control in adolescents with type one diabetes mellitus: a case study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About