High‐intensity exercise to improve cardiorespiratory fitness in cancer patients and survivors: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Abstract

Cancer remains a global public health problem despite considerable advances in prevention, treatment, and aftercare strategies. Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States, with ~1.7 million new cases diagnosed in 2019, more than 4800 each day. 1 Cancer patients often have to pass through different treatments (surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, hormone therapy, etc) which affects their health, activities of daily living, 2 and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRFit). CRFit measures are clinically important due to being inversely associated with cancer-related death, 3 cancer

High-Intensity Interval Training in the Oncology Population

“…In the instances when RPE was used, the intensity was gauged to be at the optimal level when RPE was between 16-18/20. Results demonstrated a significant improvement of normalV˙normalO2 peak in the HIIT groups when compared with the inactive groups 10. However, when HIIT was compared with active control groups (low to moderate or moderate-intensity exercise), there was no significant difference found.…”

“…With respect to the optimal duration and timing of sessions, interventions that were at least 8 weeks in length demonstrated greater improvement in normalV˙normalO2 peak than sessions less than 8 weeks in length. Sessions that included at least 20 minutes of HIIT or more demonstrated greater improvement in cardiorespiratory fitness than sessions that were less than 20 minutes in length 10. It should be noted that the majority of studies included in this systematic review and meta-analysis also included other components such as resistance training, stretching, or breathing exercises.…”

Chemotherapy‐induced toxicity in patients with testicular germ cell tumors: The impact of physical fitness and regular exercise

“…(i) have more than 20 minutes of high intensity exercise in each session of aerobic training interventions, (ii) started to exercise prior to the treatment, and (iii) exercised for > 8 weeks in duration. 127 In terms of lung fibrosis and inflammation, 4 weeks of moderate intensity (60minutes, 5 times per week) treadmill running improved lung and systemic inflammation, but it did not inhibit bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis and remodeling in an animal study. 128 Others, however, have observed also accelerated resolution of lung fibrosis (reduced collagen fiber depositions) following 4-week exercise training in mice with bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis.…”

Feasibility and efficacy of a multicomponent exercise medicine programme in patients with pancreatic cancer undergoing neoadjuvant therapy (the EXPAN trial): study protocol of a dual-centre, two-armed phase I randomised controlled trial

“…A similar workto-rest ratio has been administrated in patients with cancer undergoing chemotherapy. 37…”