High-integration and high-performance micro thermoelectric generator by femtosecond laser direct writing for self-powered IoT devices

High-Precision and Low-Damage Microchannel Construction via Magnetically Assisted Laser-Induced Plasma Ablation for Micro-Thermoelectric Devices

“…To quantify and contrast the degree of sidewall tilt of microchannels, the value is defined by , where d 1 and d 2 represent the width of the top and lower ablation lines of the wedge groove, respectively, whereas h represents the height of the ablation microchannel (as shown in Figure g 2 ). Figure i depicts the result of tan θ under various magnetic induction intensity, which can be reduced to 0.085 at B = 0.10 T. Compared with the result directly obtained from femtosecond laser ablation of Bi 2 Te 3 film, , the processing line width in this work can be even smaller with magnetically assisted nanosecond laser ablation without a heat-affected zone. Meanwhile, the inclination of the groove edge with femtosecond laser ablation is obvious (inset in Figure i) with tan θ up to 0.275.…”

“…Compared with the result directly obtained from femtosecond laser ablation of Bi 2 Te 3 film, 39,40 the processing line width in this work can be even smaller with magnetically assisted nanosecond laser ablation without a heat-affected zone. Meanwhile, the inclination of the groove edge with femtosecond laser ablation is obvious (inset in Figure 6i) with tan θ up to 0.275.…”

Self-Powered Carbon Ink/Filter Paper Flexible Humidity Sensor Based on Moisture-Induced Voltage Generation

“…However, these humidity sensors depend on an external power supply, limiting their range of applicability and leading to growing environmental pollution problems. Therefore, a series of various new technologies based on triboelectricity, − piezoelectricity, , photovoltaics, thermoelectricity, and moist-electric generation , have been developed to meet the requirements of green sustainable energy supply and to provide possible solutions for the development of self-powered sensors. Among them, the moist-electric generation, which converts the chemical energy present in moisture into electrical energy, can generate voltage continuously in humid environments.…”

Optimization of the Thermoelectric Properties of 2D-PEDOT Derivative Chains Using Electrochemical Control

“…Therefore, an urgent need exists for alternative technologies that can increase the conversion efficiency of fossil fuels used for generating electricity or, alternatively, to produce electricity without them. Among the alternatives, thermoelectric generation (TEG) is an attractive technology due to its ability to generate power using industrial waste heat via the Seebeck effect. − The Seebeck effect can convert temperature differences directly into electrical voltages and is an important element of thermoelectric (TE) materials. − The efficiency of TE materials is expressed as the figure of merit ZT = S 2 σ T /κ, where S is the Seebeck coefficient, σ is the electrical conductivity, κ is the thermal conductivity, and T is the absolute temperature. − From this definition, TE materials have to show large values for S and σ, with low κ, at low temperatures. − However, there are insufficient thermoelectric materials composed of high natural abundance elements that can work in the low-temperature region (<250 °C). − This limitation has triggered studies on conducting polymers as TE materials. These conducting polymers are relatively less expensive than inorganic materials because of the natural abundance of their component atoms and low toxicities. , Furthermore, these conducting polymers are easy to use in TEG devices as they utilize a solution process and a low-temperature annealing step. − …”