High innate preference for black substrate in the chive gnat,<i>Bradysia odoriphaga</i>(Diptera: Sciaridae)

Liu, An; Fan, Fan; Lunau, Klaus; Li, Mengyao; Yang, Xiaofan; Wei, Guoshu

doi:10.1101/511121

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The larvae were reared on Chinese chive rhizomes in 12 cm Petri dishes lined with two layers of filter paper and one absorbent cotton in dark condition (An et al, 2019). The adults were reared in the plastic containers (15 cm × 9 cm) on two layers of filter paper.…”

Section: Insect Rearingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of four constant temperatures on the development of two Bradysia (Diptera: Sciaridae) species

Gou

Guo

Quandahor

et al. 2021

J Applied Entomology

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As a poikilothermic animal, insects are sensitive to temperature fluctuation (Julie & Robby, 2019;Kang et al., 2009;Shi et al., 2017). Effects of temperature on insects are mainly on development rate, body weight, body size, fecundity and metabolic rate (Rungtip et al., 2020;Shi et al., 2011). In nature, there are three temperature regimes for insects and other exothermic organisms (such as arachnids, reptiles and plants): low temperature regime, suitable temperature regime and high temperature regime (Shi et al., 2011). Different insect species have different temperature ranges in their suitable temperature regimes. For the bird cherry-oat aphid Rhopalosiphum padi, the developmental rate was accelerated, and the developmental duration was shortened within 15-30°C (Chen et al., 2015). When the small brown planthopper Laodelphax striatellus was reared at 18-27°C, the

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Section: Insect Rearingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of four constant temperatures on the development of two Bradysia (Diptera: Sciaridae) species

Gou

Guo

Quandahor

et al. 2021

J Applied Entomology

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“…In outdoor fields, the two Bradysia species occur with similar regularities and outbreak in spring and autumn, while populations decline in summer [4]. The chive maggots B. cellarum heavily attacks chive, onion, garlic, cabbage and watermelon seedlings [5-8]. The fungus gnats B. impatiens [9] also causes damages to chive, lily, green onion, garlic, B-bean, cabbage, butterfly orchid and jonquil [10-13], which was first recorded on the edible mushroom in Yunnan, China in 2009 [14, 15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of host plants nutrient on the nutrient in Bradysia cellarum and Bradysia impatiens

Gou

Quandahor

Zhang

et al. 2019

Preprint

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25The chive maggots Bradysia cellarum the fungus gnats Bradysia impatiens are two main 26 root pests of plants. They can coexist on same host plants and have become devastating pests on 27 liliaceous crops and edible fungi. Their growth and development are affected by nutrients of their 28 host plants. We studied the effects of different host plant nutrients on the nutrient contents of these 29 two Bradysia species. We assayed the nutrients in the roots of chive, board bean (B-bean), lettuce, 30 cabbage, wild cabbage (W-cabbage) and pepper, and analysed the nutrient content of the two 31 Bradysia species after three continuous generations of feeding on these different host plants. There 32 chive and B-bean had higher contents of protein, free amino acid and starch than in other host 33 plants. Soluble sugar, fat and protein contents were significantly higher in both Bradysia species 34 when they were reared on chive and B-bean than when reared on cabbage, lettuce, W-cabbage and 35 pepper. Our study provides a reference for further studies on the host range of the two Bradysia 36 species, as well as knowledge for consideration in field crop rotations. 37 38 Keywords: Bradysia cellarum, Bradysia impatiens, host plant nutrient, insect nutrient 39 40 42 Zhang, 1985) and the fungus gnats Bradysia impatiens Johnnsen, 1912 (= Bradysia difformis Frey, 43 1948), are two main root insect pests which belong to the family Diptera and the genus Sciaridae 44 [1, 2]. They may coexist on the same host plants and have become devastating pests on liliaceous 45 crops and edible fungi [3]. The larvae of these species attack their host plants by chewing or 3 46 stripping plant roots, especially the young and developing root hairs and stems of seedlings, and 47 leading to losses in crop production and hindering agricultural productivity as well as farmers' 48 income [2, 4]. In outdoor fields, the two Bradysia species occur with similar regularities and 49 outbreak in spring and autumn, while populations decline in summer [4]. The chive maggots B. 50 cellarum heavily attacks chive, onion, garlic, cabbage and watermelon seedlings [5-8]. The fungus 51 gnats B. impatiens [9] also causes damages to chive, lily, green onion, garlic, B-bean, cabbage, 52 butterfly orchid and jonquil [10-13], which was first recorded on the edible mushroom in Yunnan, 53 China in 2009 [14, 15]. 54 Successful growth, development, and reproduction of plant-feeding insects depend on 55 finding suitable host plants and obtaining adequate nutrition from them. It was found that there 56 were significant differences among different host plants for the developmental duration, life57 longevity and population trend index of the fruit fly (Bactrocera), indicating that the fly's 58 population was influenced by host plant nutrition [16]. Protein, amino acid, soluble sugar and 59 starch are the main nutrients in plants, which have a great influence on the growth, reproduction, 60 survival rate and spawning of herbivores [17]. For example, higher soluble sugar content in whe...

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Enhanced Control of the Fungus Gnat Bradysia odoriphaga (Diptera: Sciaridae) by Co-Application of Clothianidin and Hexaflumuron

Wang

Wan

Wang

et al. 2021

Insects

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The fungus gnat is a major pest of chive in China. Its control has been relied heavily on the application of clothianidin. Due to the intensive application, its control efficacy become reduced. The present study was intended to evaluate co-drenching of clothianidin with hexaflumuron on absorption and dissipation of clothianidin in chive plants and soils and determine the effect of such application on control efficacies. Chive production fields in Guangdong and Hubei Provinces were drenched with clothianidin alone and a mixture of clothianidin and hexaflumuron at low application rates. Concentrations of clothianidin in chive plants and soils were analyzed by HPLC. Results showed that co-application had higher control efficacies against the fungus gnat than clothianidin alone. The co-application enhanced clothianidin absorption and dissipation and extended the half-lives of clothianidin in chive. It was likely that hexaflumuron protected chive roots from larva damage, and healthy roots absorbed more clothianidin, resulting in the extension of the half-lives. Additionally, the terminal residues of clothianidin in chive after 14 days of application were lower than the maximum residue limit in chive set by the Codex Alimentarius Commission. This study for the first time documented that co-application of clothianidin and hexaflumuron improved chive plants in absorption and dissipation of clothianidin and enhanced fungus gnat control efficacies.

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High innate preference for black substrate in the chive gnat,Bradysia odoriphaga(Diptera: Sciaridae)

Cited by 3 publications

References 34 publications

Effects of four constant temperatures on the development of two Bradysia (Diptera: Sciaridae) species

Effects of four constant temperatures on the development of two Bradysia (Diptera: Sciaridae) species

Effects of host plants nutrient on the nutrient in Bradysia cellarum and Bradysia impatiens

Enhanced Control of the Fungus Gnat Bradysia odoriphaga (Diptera: Sciaridae) by Co-Application of Clothianidin and Hexaflumuron

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