High incidence of the virus among respiratory pathogens in children with lower respiratory tract infection in northwestern China

Abstract

Lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) is one of the major reasons for childhood mortality that threaten the health of the public. We aimed to investigate the epidemiological pathogens and their infection analysis among children with LRTI. Sputum specimens were collected for polymerase chain reaction detection and microbiological tests to identify the viral infection and bacterial infection. The serological specimens were separated from venous blood using for Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Chlamydia pneumoniae detection. The virus was confirmed in 86.2% of the children. Human rhinovirus (38.3%), respiratory syncytial virus (32.1%), and parainfluenza virus type 3 (27.2%) were the most frequently identified pathogens. Patients with viral and bacterial coinfection showed younger age (p = 0.032), a higher proportion of wheezing rales (p = 0.032), three depressions sign (p = 0.028), and tachypnea (p = 0.038), and more likely associated with severe pneumonia (p = 0.035). Additionally, older children were more susceptible to viral‐atypical bacterial coinfection (p = 0.032). Vomiting (p = 0.011) and fever (p = 0.003) were more likely to occur in children with viral‐atypical bacterial coinfection. Attention should be paid to the virus infection of LRTI, as viral‐bacterial coinfection and viral‐atypical bacterial co‐infection may have a detrimental impact on the gravity of LTRI.

Impact of normalized COVID-19 prevention and control measures on lower respiratory tract infection pathogenesis in hospitalized children

“…However, during the COVID-19 pandemic, MP and RSV were common pathogens causing LRTIs in hospitalized children, while IFV and PIV continued to outbreak during the autumn and winter seasons, thus requiring continued attention. While bacterial infections in LRTIs in infants and hospitalized children are often secondary to viral infections, some pathogens (e.g., H. influenzae and S. pneumoniae ) also show a relatively high rate of positive detection, making viral and bacterial infections the main causes of LRTIs in children under 3 years of age ( 27 ). Therefore, we must continue to emphasize the importance of prevention and control of viral and bacterial respiratory infections in infants and young children, and pay more attention to MP, IFV, and ADV infections in school-aged children.…”

Biomarkers of viral and bacterial infection in rhinovirus pneumonia

“…Rhinovirus (RV) is the most common cause of upper and lower respiratory tract infections in children worldwide (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7). RV is detected in 23%-30% of children with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) (8)(9)(10)(11).…”

Detection of respiratory pathogenic bacterial nucleic acid detection by Loop-mediated Isothermal Amplification in patients with bacterial pulmonary infections

“…Currently, the main pathogens of respiratory tract infections include bacteria, viruses, mycoplasma and chlamydia, for example, Klebsiella pneumoniae , Streptococcus pneumoniae , novel coronavirus, respiratory syncytial virus, and Mycoplasma pneumoniae [ 4 , [6] , [7] , [8] ]. Due to genetic variation of the pathogen, one pathogen may lead to different clinical symptoms, and different pathogens may lead to similar clinical manifestations [ 9 , 10 ].…”