High Hydrostatic Pressure Extract of Ginger Exerts Antistress Effects in Immobilization-Stressed Rats

Abstract

Stress contributes to physiological changes such as weight loss and hormonal imbalances. The aim of the present study was to investigate antistress effects of high hydrostatic pressure extract of ginger (HPG) in immobilization-stressed rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 24) were divided into three groups as follows: control (C), immobilization stress (2 h daily, for 2 weeks) (S), and immobilization stress (2 h daily, for 2 weeks) plus oral administration of HPG (150 mg/kg body weight/day) (S+G). Immobilization stress reduced the body weight gain and thymus weight by 50.2% and 31.3%, respectively, compared to the control group. The levels of serum aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, and corticosterone were significantly higher in the stress group, compared to the control group. Moreover, immobilization stress elevated the mRNA levels of tyrosine hydroxylase (Th), dopamine beta-hydroxylase (Dbh), and cytochrome P450 side-chain cleavage (P450scc), which are related to catecholamine and corticosterone synthesis in the adrenal gland. HPG administration also increased the body weight gain and thymus weight by 12.7% and 16.6%, respectively, compared to the stress group. Furthermore, the mRNA levels of Th, Dbh, phenylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase, and P450scc were elevated by the HPG treatment when compared to the stress group. These results suggest that HPG would have antistress effects partially via the reversal of stress-induced physiological changes and suppression of mRNA expression of genes related to corticosterone and catecholamine synthetic enzymes.

6-Gingerol, a Major Constituent of Zingiber officinale Rhizoma, Exerts Anticonvulsant Activity in the Pentylenetetrazole-Induced Seizure Model in Larval Zebrafish

“…Since ginger extract constituents, including 6-GIN, have the ability to pass the blood–brain barrier [ 19 ], we postulated that they might modulate central nervous system functions. Moreover, their beneficial effects were previously reported in Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease [ 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 ], depression [ 52 , 53 ], stress [ 54 ], and anxiety [ 55 , 56 ] in animal models. The anticonvulsant effect of ginger extract in the intravenous PTZ seizure test in mice has also been reported [ 24 , 25 ].…”

Ginger Extract Ameliorates Obesity and Inflammation via Regulating MicroRNA-21/132 Expression and AMPK Activation in White Adipose Tissue

“…The 6-gingerol and 6-shogaol were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using a JASCO HPLC system (Tokyo, Japan), according to a method by Moon et al [ 10 ]. Standard 6-gingerol and 6-shogaol were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA).…”

“…Total saponin content of each extract was determined using the method described by Moon et al [ 10 ]. The ginsenoside Re (Wako Chem.…”