High hydrogen yield and purity from palm empty fruit bunch and pine pyrolysis oils

Zin, Rohaya Md; Lea‐Langton, Amanda; Dupont, Valerie; Twigg, M. V.

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.04.064

Cited by 33 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 38 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…According to the thermodynamic analysis of the SESR of acetic acid, Zin et al [32] showed that operating at a higher steam/C ratio (up to 4) resulted in higher H 2 yield and purity with lower temperature requirements. According to the thermodynamic analysis of the SESR of acetic acid, Zin et al [32] showed that operating at a higher steam/C ratio (up to 4) resulted in higher H 2 yield and purity with lower temperature requirements.…”

Section: Effect Of Temperature On Sesr Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Multifunctional Pd/Ni–Co Catalyst for Hydrogen Production by Chemical Looping Coupled With Steam Reforming of Acetic Acid

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

High yield of high-purity H2 from acetic acid, a model compound of bio-oil obtained from the fast pyrolysis of biomass, was produced by sorption-enhanced steam reforming (SESR). An oxygen carrier was introduced into a chemical loop (CL) coupled to the cyclical SESR process to supply heat in situ for the endothermic sorbent regeneration to increase the energy efficiency of the process. A new multifunctional 1 %Pd/20 %Ni-20 %Co catalyst was developed for use both as oxygen carrier in the CL and as reforming catalyst in the SESR whereas a CaO-based material was used as CO2 sorbent. In the sorbent-air regeneration step, the Ni-Co atoms in the catalyst undergo strong exothermic oxidation reactions that provide heat for the CaO decarbonation. The addition of Pd to the Ni-Co catalyst makes the catalyst active throughout the whole SESR-CL cycle. Pd significantly promotes the reduction of Ni-Co oxides to metallic Ni-Co during the reforming stage, which avoids the need for a reduction step after regeneration. H2 yield above 90 % and H2 purity above 99.2 vol % were obtained.

show abstract

Section: Effect Of Temperature On Sesr Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…obtaining higher H 2 yields with a higher degree of H 2 purity. According to the thermodynamic analysis of the SESR of acetic acid, Zin et al [32] showed that operating at a higher steam/C ratio (up to 4) resulted in higher H 2 yield and purity with lower temperature requirements.…”

Section: Effect Of Temperature On Sesr Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Multifunctional Pd/Ni–Co Catalyst for Hydrogen Production by Chemical Looping Coupled With Steam Reforming of Acetic Acid

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The SESR process has been shown to improve the hydrogen production compared to conventional SR and satisfactory results have been reported in the literature after the SESR of methane [17][18][19][20][21] [22]. The benefits of the SESR of biomass compounds compared to SR have also been demonstrated with pyrolysis oils obtained from bunches of palm fruit and pine [23] or waste cooking oil [24]. Other experimental results from the SESR of biomass-derived compounds have been reported in the literature using mixtures of different Ni-Co HT catalysts and calcined dolomite as CO 2 acceptor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Production of fuel-cell grade H2 by sorption enhanced steam reforming of acetic acid as a model compound of biomass-derived bio-oil

Gil

Fermoso

Pevida

et al. 2016

Applied Catalysis B: Environmental

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Fuel-cell grade H 2 has been produced by the sorption enhanced steam reforming (SESR) of acetic acid, a model compound of the bio-oil obtained from the fast pyrolysis of biomass. A Pd/Ni-Co catalyst derived from a hydrotalcite-like material (HT) with dolomite as CO 2 sorbent was used in the process. A fixed-bed reactor with three temperature zones was employed to favor the catalytic steam reforming reaction in the high-temperature segment, the SESR reaction in the intermediate-temperature part, as well as the water-gas shift (WGS) and CO 2 capture reactions in the low-temperature segment. Different conditions of pressure, temperature, steam/C molar ratio and weight hourly space velocity (WHSV) in the feed were evaluated. Higher steam/C molar ratios and lower WHSV values facilitated the production of H 2 and reduced the concentrations of CH 4 , CO and CO 2 in the produced gas. A fuel-cell grade H 2 stream with a H 2 purity of 99.8 vol.% and H 2 yield of 86.7% was produced at atmospheric pressure, with a steam/C ratio of 3, a WHSV of 0.893 h -1 and a temperature of 575 ºC in the intermediate part of the reactor (675 ºC in the upper segment and 425 ºC in the bottom part). At high pressure conditions (15 atm) a maximum H 2 concentration of 98.31 vol.% with a H 2 yield of 79.81% was obtained at 725 ºC in the intermediate segment of the reactor (825 ºC in the upper segment and 575 ºC in the bottom part). Under these conditions an effluent stream with a CO concentration below 10 ppm (detection limit)

show abstract

“…For EFB, some examples are fluidized bed, spouted fluidized bed, transported bed, circulating fluid bed, rotating cone, vortex ablative, augur or screw, entrained flow, microwave, fixed bed, hydropyrolysis and vacuum reactor. The most commonly reported reactors for EFB pyrolysis are bubbling fluid beds [38,40,69,94], circulating fluid beds and transported bed [39,69,95,96], ablative pyrolysis [46,51,97], microwave pyrolysis [98], rotating cone reactor [99] and hydropyrolysis [100]. Table 5 lists the many types of pyrolysis reactors available.…”

Section: Types Of Reactorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Review on Biofuels from Oil Palm Empty Bunch (EFB): Current Status, Potential, Barriers and Way Forward

2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Biomass is an important renewable energy resource which primarily contributes to heating and cooling end use sectors. It is also a promising alternative source of biofuels to replace the depleting supply of fossil fuels. Surprisingly, few writers have been able to draw on the feedstock significance for oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) as the biomass resource for biofuels compared to the other types of biomass waste. Therefore, this paper presents a comprehensive review of EFB as a biomass resource presented in four major parts. First, the introduction covers the demand for bio-oil and describes the different kinds of feedstock, the relevance and potential of EFB biomass. Second, the characteristics of biomass are explained before it is upgraded as biofuel, drawing similarities and contrasts between EFB and other sources of biomass. Pyrolysis processes and reactors used for EFB conversion are described, and the factors affecting the bio-oil yield and quality are discussed. Major reactor parameters are summarized and reactor optimization is discussed. Third, comparison on the properties of the bio-oil vs. petroleum in transportation, power generation, and heating are compared followed by prioritizing the bio-oil properties from the most to least critical, revealing the most promising methods for upgrading. Fourth, the environmental impact, including CO2 emission, of the use of EFB as a promising renewable energy resource and a cleaner alternative fuel is recommended. This paper has comprehensively reviewed the conversion of oil palm empty fruit bunches into biofuels, including the similarities and differences between biomasses, the best reactors, its comparison with fossil fuels, and bio-oil upgrading methods. The upgrading mapping matrix is created to present the best upgrading strategies for the optimum quality of biofuels. This paper serves as a one-stop center for EFB conversion into biofuels.

show abstract

High hydrogen yield and purity from palm empty fruit bunch and pine pyrolysis oils

Cited by 33 publications

References 38 publications

Multifunctional Pd/Ni–Co Catalyst for Hydrogen Production by Chemical Looping Coupled With Steam Reforming of Acetic Acid

Multifunctional Pd/Ni–Co Catalyst for Hydrogen Production by Chemical Looping Coupled With Steam Reforming of Acetic Acid

Production of fuel-cell grade H2 by sorption enhanced steam reforming of acetic acid as a model compound of biomass-derived bio-oil

A Comprehensive Review on Biofuels from Oil Palm Empty Bunch (EFB): Current Status, Potential, Barriers and Way Forward

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About