High heritability of bone size at the hip and spine in Chinese

Jian, Weixia; Long, Jirong; Deng, Hong−Wen

doi:10.1007/s10038-003-0113-4

Cited by 26 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Except for cortical volumetric BMD, residual heritabilities of areal and volumetric BMD in our Afro-Caribbean families ranged from 0.55 (for femoral neck) to 0.70 (for radius trabecular BMD). Similar to family studies in other population groups, (13,42) genes accounted for a larger proportion of the total variation than did measured covariates in our Afro-Caribbean families. We do not know why heritability of cortical volumetric BMD at the radius and tibia was considerably lower than that for trabecular volumetric BMD or areal BMD.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Genetic and Environmental Determinants of Volumetric and Areal BMD in Multi-Generational Families of African Ancestry: The Tobago Family Health Study

Wang

Wheeler²,

Patrick³

et al. 2007

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research

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BMD is higher and fracture risk is lower among individuals of African versus European descent, but little is known about the genetic architecture of BMD in the former group. Heritabilities of areal and volumetric BMD were moderate in our large families of African descent but differed for trabecular and cortical BMD.Introduction: Populations of African ancestry have lower osteoporotic fracture risk and higher BMD than other ethnic groups. However, there is a paucity of information regarding the genetic and environmental influences on bone health among populations of African heritage. Materials and Methods:We dissected the genetic architecture of areal BMD measured by DXA at the proximal femur, lumbar spine, and whole body and volumetric BMD measured by pQCT at the distal and proximal radius and tibia in 283 women and 188 men Ն18 years of age (mean, 43 years) from eight multigenerational Afro-Caribbean families (mean family size > 50). Using quantitative genetic methods, we estimated the residual heritability and the effects of anthropometric, demographic, lifestyle, and medical variables on areal and volumetric BMD. Results: Compared with U.S. non-Hispanic blacks and whites, areal BMD at the femoral neck was highest in the Afro-Caribbean men and women at all ages. Trabecular volumetric BMD decreased linearly with increasing age, whereas cortical volumetric BMD did not decrease until age 40-49, especially in women. Anthropometric, lifestyle, and medical factors accounted for 12-32% of the variation in areal and volumetric BMD, and residual heritabilities (range, 0.23-0.52) were similar to those reported in other ethnic groups. Heritability of cortical BMD was substantially lower than that of areal or trabecular volumetric BMD, although the measured covariates accounted for a similar proportion of the total phenotypic variation. Conclusions: Our study is the first comprehensive genetic epidemiologic analysis of volumetric BMD measured by QCT and the first analysis of these traits in extended families of African descent. Genes account for as much or more of the total variation in areal and volumetric BMD than do environmental factors, but these effects seem to differ for trabecular and cortical bone.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Genetic and Environmental Determinants of Volumetric and Areal BMD in Multi-Generational Families of African Ancestry: The Tobago Family Health Study

Wang

Wheeler²,

Patrick³

et al. 2007

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research

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“…Malefemale differences in a variety of indices related to hip geometry and structure have been reported [Beck et al, 1992;Kaptoge et al, 2003], many of which are also related to hip fracture independently of BMD [Gluer et al, 1994;Partanen et al, 2001;Beck et al, 1996;Karlsson et al, 1996]. Genetic influences on some of these measures have been reported [Jian et al, 2004;Liu et al, 2004;Koller et al, 2003], although the sexspecificity of these effects has not yet been investigated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Assessment of sex‐specific genetic and environmental effects on bone mineral density

Brown

Streeten

Shuldiner

et al. 2004

Genetic Epidemiology

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Although it is widely accepted that genes contribute significantly to the variation in bone mineral density (BMD), the nature of the genetic contribution is poorly defined. There are large gender differences in BMD, although whether sex-specific genetic effects influencing variation in BMD contribute to these differences is not known. To address this issue, we studied 929 subjects from large families participating in the Amish Family Osteoporosis Study. Bone mineral density was measured at the hip and spine by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). We used variance decomposition procedures to partition variation in BMD into genetic and environmental effects common to both sexes and to men and women separately. After accounting for covariate effects, the heritability of BMD ranged from 0.63 to 0.72 in men and 0.80 to 0.87 in women. The residual environmental variance in BMD at the spine, but not hip, was significantly higher in men than in women (P < 0.05), reflecting a greater variance in BMD due to unexplained non-genetic factors in men. In contrast, there were no significant differences between men and women in the magnitude of the genetic variance in BMD, nor did the genetic correlation in BMD between men and women differ significantly from one. Overall, these analyses do not provide evidence for sex-specific genetic effects, suggesting that many of the genes influencing variation in BMD should be detectable in both men and women.

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“…Liu et al (2004a) reported h 2 estimates of 0.62 for spine bone size and 0.59 for total hip bone size. Other studies reported h 2 estimates of 0.60-0.63 for spine area and 0.45-0.69 for total hip area (Jian et al 2004), and 0.81 for spine BMD and 0.90 for total hip BMD (Liu et al 2004b). The h 2 estimates for trochanter and femoral neck BMD and bone size have not been reported previously.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effect of Environmental Factors and Gender on the Heritability of Bone Mineral Density and Bone Size

Sham

Paterson

et al. 2006

Annals of Human Genetics

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SummaryBone mineral density (BMD), a risk factor for osteoporosis, is believed to be under genetic control. The effect of environmental factors and gender on the heritability of BMD and bone size is ill-defined. In this study, heritability estimates (h 2 ) were determined in 3,320 southern Chinese subjects from 1,019 families using the variance components model. The h 2 for age, weight and height-adjusted BMD was 0.63-0.71 for females, and 0.74-0.79 for males; and for bone size, 0.44-0.64 for females and 0.32-0.86 for males. Adjustment for lifestyle factors including calcium and phytoestrogen intake, exercise, smoking and alcohol consumption altered the h 2 differently in males and females. The proportion of variance in BMD and bone size explained by all covariates varied between skeletal sites, but was consistently greater in females than males. A significant gender difference was observed in the genetic variance of BMD and bone size at the hip but not the spine. In conclusion, a gender difference was observed in the degree of heritability of BMD and bone size at specific skeletal sites. Environmental influences contributed variably at different sites in the two sexes.

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High heritability of bone size at the hip and spine in Chinese

Cited by 26 publications

References 23 publications

Genetic and Environmental Determinants of Volumetric and Areal BMD in Multi-Generational Families of African Ancestry: The Tobago Family Health Study

Genetic and Environmental Determinants of Volumetric and Areal BMD in Multi-Generational Families of African Ancestry: The Tobago Family Health Study

Assessment of sex‐specific genetic and environmental effects on bone mineral density

Effect of Environmental Factors and Gender on the Heritability of Bone Mineral Density and Bone Size

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