High growing temperatures reduce fruit carbohydrate and vitamin C in kiwifruit

Richardson, Annette; Marsh, K. B.; Boldingh, Helen; Pickering, A.H.; Bulley, Sean; Frearson, Nicky; Ferguson, A. R.; Thornber, Sarah Elizabeth; Bolitho, Karen M.; MacRae, Elspeth

doi:10.1111/j.1365-3040.2003.01161.x

Cited by 118 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 70 publications

(83 reference statements)

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“…In this study, we only detected the simultaneous sugar content and gene expression of AA L-galactose pathway-related enzymes since the focus of the study was to investigate the response of fruit ASC to BG. A strong correlation between sugar and AA content was found in other reports (Richardson et al 2004;Yabuta et al 2007;Gautier et al 2009;Li et al 2009;Li et al 2010). In the present study, we found that ASC and TSS contents or soluble sugar components changed in parallel in the pulp of fruits exposed to BG (Figs.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Branch girdling at fruit green mature stage affects fruit ascorbic acid contents and expression of genes involved inl-galactose pathway in citrus

Yang

Wang

Silva

et al. 2013

New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science

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Although citrus is an important source of ascorbic acid (AA), and even though girdling is an important agronomic practice in citrus production, the effect of girdling on ascorbate (ASC) accumulation has rarely been studied. In the present study, branch girdling (BG) was carried out on trees of Citrus unshiu cv. 'Guoqing No. 1' at 40 days before harvest to investigate its effect on fruit ASC accumulation and on the expression of genes involved in the AA L-galactose biosynthetic pathway. BG increased total ASC and AA contents in fruit peel and pulp. In parallel, soluble sugars in the fruit pulp increased. Moreover, the expression of all genes, except for L-galactose-1-P phosphatase (GPP), in the L-galactose pathway were induced in fruit pulp at least during the first 20 days of treatment while their expression (except for GPP) in fruit peel was reduced by BG treatment. Taken together, the expression profiles of six L-galactose biosynthetic genes did not coincide closely with the changes in fruit ASC content following BG. ASC content may respond to girdling via other biosynthetic, catabolic or recycling pathways.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Branch girdling at fruit green mature stage affects fruit ascorbic acid contents and expression of genes involved inl-galactose pathway in citrus

Yang

Wang

Silva

et al. 2013

New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science

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“…The different sugar compositions among Actinidia species may be due to variations in the activity of invertase, sucrose synthase, and other enzymes related to sucrose metabolism (Richardson et al, 2004).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on this information, the selection of superior strains with higher fruit quality and productivity, and improvement by cross breeding with other Actinidia species should be achieved. Richardson et al (2004) reported that under high temperature conditions, the ascorbic acid content in A. deliciosa kiwifruit was markedly reduced. Environmental effects on the fruit composition of A. rufa also should be determined.…”

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confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Fruit Characteristics of Shima sarunashi (Actinidia rufa) Indigenous to Warm Regions in Japan

Kim

Beppu

Fukuda³

et al. 2009

J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci.

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The fruit characteristics of Shima sarunashi (Actinidia rufa (Siebold & Zucc.) Planch. ex Miq.), indigenous to the warm regions in Japan were determined. Two typical collections were investigated to evaluate fruit characters throughout growth. Starch accumulated gradually from 120 days after full bloom (DAFB), and peaked at 160 DAFB. Along with the reduction of the starch content, the sugar content increased at 180 DAFB. Major sugar components of A. rufa fruit were glucose, fructose, and sucrose. In the early stage of fruit development, quinic acid was predominant, and then the content decreased gradually until 160 DAFB, while the content of citric acid gradually increased after 60 DAFB and that of malic acid increased slightly. A trace amount of soluble oxalate was detected throughout the fruit development period. Ascorbic acid content increased in the early to mid-stages of fruit development. Considering the change in quality, the maturation period of A. rufa fruit was estimated to be 180 DAFB. From the evaluation of mature fruit among 11 local collections, fruit shape varied, being round, ovoid, cylindroidal, and truncate. Fruit weight ranged from 7.4 to 18.6 g. Fruit skin was glabrous and the surface color varied from reddish-brown to brown. Flesh color was basically green or dark green. Exceptionally, in one collection, the flesh was reddish around the core. Soluble solid content of ripened fruit juice ranged from 6.2 to 17.4%. Sugar content varied from 2.0 to 15.6 g/100 g FW. Myo-inositol content ranged from 6.0 to 132.1 mg/100 g FW. Major organic acids were quinic, citric, and malic acid, and quinic acid was predominant. Total acid content ranged from 1.5 to 3.0 g/100 g FW. Total ascorbic acid content ranged from 6.8 to 45.8 mg/100 g FW. In all collections, protease activity in the juice was very low.

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“…Environmental variables including light regimes and temperature affect development of many important crops such as wheat, rice, potato, soybean, fruits and ornamental plants from temperate regions (Lafta and Lorenzen, 1995;Myster and Moe, 1995;Robert et al, 1999;Zheng et al, 2002;Hendrickson et al, 2004;Richardson et al, 2004). However, studies relating the effects of daylength and temperature on plant growth are still scarce for tropical species (Vaz et al, 2004), if one considers the plant diversity in these areas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vegetative responses to temperature and photoperiod in saplings of brazilwood (Caesalpinia echinata Lam., Leguminosae)

Rondon

Zaidan

Domingos

et al. 2006

Braz. J. Plant Physiol.

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Caesalpinia echinata Lam. (brazilwood) is an endangered tree species occurring along the eastern coast of Brazil from latitudes 5°56´S to 22°56´S. With such a range of distribution it is expected that temperature and daylength may affect plant development, which was examined in this study. One-and five-year-old saplings were grown under controlled photoperiods of 8 h, 12 h and 20 h, and in a greenhouse under natural light during 16 months. In another experiment, oneyear-old saplings were cultivated for six months in a growth cabinet, with reduced maximum temperature, and in the greenhouse. Leaf number, stem height and stem diameter at the soil surface were evaluated every two months (experiment 1) or every month (experiment 2). In experiment 1, no significant effect of photoperiod on growth of saplings was observed. The increase of leaf number with time followed a polynomial model, and the slope of the curves differed significantly for saplings of the two ages. Stem height increased linearly in younger saplings and fitted a polynomial curve in older saplings. Stem diameter enlarged linearly with time in all saplings. Growth parameters were significantly related to high temperatures. In experiment 2, significant regressions between growth and the maximum daily temperatures recorded were also found for increase of leaf number and stem height increment. Our results show that vegetative growth of the saplings of this tropical species is affected by temperature but not by photoperiod. Key words: Atlantic forest, endangered species, tree growth Instituto de Botânica, CP 3005, 01061-970 São Paulo, SP, Brazil; *Corresponding author: ritarib@usp.br Crescimento vegetativo de plantas jovens de pau-brasil (Caesalpinia echinata Lam., Leguminosae) em resposta à temperatura e ao fotoperíodo: Caesalpinia echinata Lam. (pau-brasil) é uma espécie arbórea ameaçada, que ocorre na costa leste do Brasil, em latitudes de 5°56´S a 22°56´S. Em tal faixa de distribuição espera-se que a temperatura e o comprimento do dia possam afetar o desenvolvimento da planta, o que foi investigado no presente estudo. Plantas jovens com um e cinco anos de idade foram cultivadas sob fotoperíodos controlados de 8 h, 12 h e 20 h e em casa de vegetação, sob luz natural, durante 16 meses. Em outro experimento, plantas jovens com um ano de idade foram cultivadas por seis meses em câmara de crescimento, onde a temperatura máxima foi reduzida, e em casa de vegetação. O número de folhas, a altura do caule e o diâmetro do caule à superfície do solo foram avaliados a cada dois meses (experimento 1), ou mensalmente (experimento 2). No experimento 1, não foi encontrada alteração de crescimento nas plantas crescendo sob os diferentes tratamentos fotoperiódicos. Foi possível ajustar regressão polinomial para o aumento do número de folhas, em função do tempo, com diferença significativa na inclinação da curva para as plantas das duas idades. A altura do caule aumentou linearmente nas plantas mais jovens e, nas mais velhas, tal parâmetro ajustou-se à regressão polin...

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High growing temperatures reduce fruit carbohydrate and vitamin C in kiwifruit

Cited by 118 publications

References 70 publications

Branch girdling at fruit green mature stage affects fruit ascorbic acid contents and expression of genes involved inl-galactose pathway in citrus

Branch girdling at fruit green mature stage affects fruit ascorbic acid contents and expression of genes involved inl-galactose pathway in citrus

Evaluation of Fruit Characteristics of Shima sarunashi (Actinidia rufa) Indigenous to Warm Regions in Japan

Vegetative responses to temperature and photoperiod in saplings of brazilwood (Caesalpinia echinata Lam., Leguminosae)

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