High greenhouse gas emissions after grassland renewal on bog peat soil

Offermanns, Liv; Tiemeyer, Bärbel; Dettmann, Ullrich; Rüffer, Jeremy; Düvel, Dominik; Vogel, Isabelle; Brümmer, Christian

doi:10.1016/j.agrformet.2023.109309

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…Beyer and Höper 67 are presenting an area with a similar history, but comparably lower annual emissions (22.4 respectively 16.2 g CH 4 -C m −2 year −1 for a Sphagnum respectively Eriophorum site). Considering CH 4 , the emissions of both sites are clearly higher compared to unrestored sites after peat extraction (1 g CH 4 -C m 2 ) 68 or active peat extraction sites 59 , and especially in comparison to drained agricultural peatland 69 . Overall, the measured emissions are lower (tree site) respectively within the range (open site) of CH 4 emission factors for rewetted organic soils in Germany derived by Tiemeyer et al 61 (27.9 (14–70) g CH 4 m −2 year −1 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Effects of birch encroachment, water table and vegetation on methane emissions from peatland microforms in a rewetted bog

Welpelo,

Dubbert,

Tiemeyer

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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This study investigated the influence of vegetation and microforms on methane (CH4) balances of a rewetted bog in north-west Germany. The two study sites are in close proximity on the same former peat extraction area, one dominated by Sphagnum-mosses and the other one by a dense Betula pubescens stand with a high Eriophorum vaginatum cover. The contribution of microforms (hummocks/hollows) to CH4 emissions and the effect of Betula encroachment has been studied. Transparent and opaque chambers were used to measure CH4 fluxes every 3–4 weeks during daytime for one year. For the estimation of annual balances, three methods were compared and the method using water level and soil temperature as explanatory variables was selected. Fluxes were scaled to the site level. The annual emissions per site are and 7.1 ± 1.5 g CH4-C m−2 year−1 at the treed site and 36.1 ± 3.5 g CH4-C m−2 year−1 at the open site, mainly controlled by higher water levels. Highest annual emissions originated from hollows at the open site, but in the vegetation period, hummock emissions tend to be higher. At the tree site, emission differences between the microforms were less pronounced. There were no differences between fluxes from transparent and opaque chambers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Effects of birch encroachment, water table and vegetation on methane emissions from peatland microforms in a rewetted bog

Welpelo,

Dubbert,

Tiemeyer

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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“…Previous research showed that WIS resulted in neglectable effects on the NECB (Weideveld et al, 2021), a higher NECB (Tiemeyer et al, 2024) or a mild (Offermanns et al, 2023) to strong (Boonman et al, 2022;van den Akker et al, 2008) reduction in NECB. Here we show that NECB changes in WIS sites are dependent on the actual changes in WTD or exposed C, and that, in some cases, a neglectable or even slightly adverse effect of WIS (as in ALB and ROV, respectively) can be expected if changes in WTD or exposed C are minimal or opposite to the aim of WIS.…”

Section: Effectiveness Of Wismentioning

confidence: 97%

Using automated transparent chambers to quantify CO₂ emissions and potential emission reduction by water infiltration systems in drained coastal peatlands in the Netherlands

Aben,

van de Craats,

Boonman

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Abstract. Worldwide, drainage of peatlands has turned these systems from CO2 sinks into sources. In the Netherlands, where ~7 % of the land surface consists of peatlands, drained peat soils contribute >90 % and ~3 % to the country’s soil-derived and total CO2 emission, respectively. Hence, the Dutch Climate Agreement set targets to cut these emissions. One potential mitigation measure is the application of subsurface water infiltration systems (WIS) consisting of subsurface pipes connected to ditch water. WIS aims to raise the water table depth (WTD) in dry periods to limit peat oxidation while maintaining current land-use practices. Here, we used automated transparent chambers in 12 peat pasture plots across the Netherlands to measure CO2 fluxes at high frequency and assess 1) the relationship between WTD and CO2 emissions for Dutch peatlands and 2) the effectiveness of WIS to mitigate emissions. Net ecosystem carbon balances (NECB) (up to four years per site, 2020–2023) averaged 3.60 and 2.69 t CO2-C ha-1 yr-1 for control and WIS sites, respectively. The magnitude of NECBs and slope of the WTD-NECB relationship fall within the range of observations of earlier studies in Europe, though they were notably lower than those based on campaign-wise, closed chamber measurements. The relationship between annual exposed carbon (defined as total amount of carbon within the soil above the average annual WTD) and NECB explained more variance than the WTD-NECB relationship. We found strong evidence for a reducing effect of WIS on CO2 emissions and no evidence for an effect of WIS on the WTD-NECB and annual exposed carbon-NECB relationships, meaning that relationships between either WTD or exposed carbon and NECB can be used to estimate the emission reduction for a given WIS-induced increase in WTD or exposed carbon. High year-to-year variation in NECBs calls for multi-year measurements and sufficient representative measurement years per site as demonstrated in this study with 35 site-years observations.

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“…Safeguarding peat Vol:. (1234567890) soils would therefore limit their agricultural use to systems suited to wet conditions (Lin et al 2022;Offermanns et al 2023;Schoumans and Chardon 2015). The possible production of additional feed from available recyclable flows that are not yet used is very limited when compared to current feed imports.…”

Section: Improving Circularity In Nnmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why is nutrient cycling in food systems so limited? A case study from the North-Netherlands region

Tamsma,

van Middelaar,

de Boer

et al. 2024

Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst

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Identifying pathways to circular agriculture requires a profound understanding of nutrient flows and losses throughout the food system, and of interactions between biophysical conditions, land use, food production and food consumption. We quantified nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) flows of the food system of the North-Netherlands (NN) region and of its 30 subregions varying in biophysical and socio-economic conditions. The food system included agriculture, food processing, consumption, and waste processing. Nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), phosphorus use efficiency (PUE) and the nutrient cycling counts were calculated. Results show a low NUE (25%) and PUE (59%) of the food system. External inputs were used to maintain high yields and production. Nutrient cycling was very limited with losses from agriculture ranging from 143 to 465 kg N ha−1 y−1 and 4 to 11 kg P ha−1 y−1. Food system losses ranged from 181 to 480 kg N ha−1 y−1 and from 7 to 31 kg P ha−1 y−1 and varied with biophysical conditions, population density and farming systems. Large losses were associated with livestock farming and farming on drained peat soils. Food system efficiency was strongly associated with the utilization of produce. We conclude that increasing circularity requires tailoring of agriculture to local biophysical conditions and food system redesign to facilitate nutrient recycling. Steps towards circularity in NN include: matching livestock production to feed supply from residual flows and lands unsuitable for food crops, diversifying crop production to better match local demand and increasing waste recovery.

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High greenhouse gas emissions after grassland renewal on bog peat soil

Cited by 8 publications

References 75 publications

Effects of birch encroachment, water table and vegetation on methane emissions from peatland microforms in a rewetted bog

Effects of birch encroachment, water table and vegetation on methane emissions from peatland microforms in a rewetted bog

Using automated transparent chambers to quantify CO₂ emissions and potential emission reduction by water infiltration systems in drained coastal peatlands in the Netherlands

Why is nutrient cycling in food systems so limited? A case study from the North-Netherlands region

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High greenhouse gas emissions after grassland renewal on bog peat soil

Cited by 8 publications

References 75 publications

Effects of birch encroachment, water table and vegetation on methane emissions from peatland microforms in a rewetted bog

Effects of birch encroachment, water table and vegetation on methane emissions from peatland microforms in a rewetted bog

Using automated transparent chambers to quantify CO2 emissions and potential emission reduction by water infiltration systems in drained coastal peatlands in the Netherlands

Why is nutrient cycling in food systems so limited? A case study from the North-Netherlands region

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Using automated transparent chambers to quantify CO₂ emissions and potential emission reduction by water infiltration systems in drained coastal peatlands in the Netherlands