High-grade gliomas: a literature review. Part 1. Epidemiology, classification and approaches to combination treatment

Abstract

Malignant brain tumors remain one of the most complex problem in modern oncology, being among the most dangerous types of cancer not only because of their poor prognosis, but also due to the immediate consequences for quality of life and cognitive functions. It is expected that the number of such patients will increase as the life expectancy of the population increases.The mortality rate of patients with malignant gliomas remains the highest among all cancer patients. The median survival rate in this population does not exceed 24.5 months. Despite serious progress in the study of the molecular biology of this type of tumor, the question of effective application of this knowledge in the treatment process remains open.The review highlights the most advanced diagnostic methods and analyzes the effectiveness of a multidisciplinary therapeutic strategy. Special attention is given to the search for new approaches to radiosurgical treatment of highgrade gliomas in order to increase the duration and improve the quality of life of patients.The literature review is divided into 2 parts. Part 1 covers the epidemiology, clinic, and diagnosis of high-grade gliomas, as well as a combined approach to the treatment of the disease.