High genetic variation in marginal fragmented populations at extreme climatic conditions of the Patagonian Cypress Austrocedrus chilensis

Arana, María Verónica; Gallo, Leonardo; Vendramin, Giovanni G.; Pastorino, Mario J.; Sebastiani, Federico; Marchelli, Paula

doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2009.11.007

Cited by 33 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…This supports the idea of an isolation ("isolation by wind", Gallo and Pastorino, 2010) and genetic drift effect on the considered traits in these small populations. In fact, our findings confirm previous reports in other quantitative traits (Aparicio et al, 2010;Pastorino et al, 2010) and also in neutral markers (Pastorino and Gallo, 2009;Arana et al, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Trees are 4 to 6 m tall, tortuous, centenary, and scattered around the tops of two rocky hills, over an area of about 4 ha each. Previous studies with neutral markers (isozymes: Pastorino and Gallo, 2009; and microsatellites: Arana et al, 2010) have shown that in spite of their physical closeness, they are genetically very distant, which has been interpreted as evidence of genetic drift and isolation.…”

Section: Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic variation in seedling water-use efficiency of Patagonian Cypress populations from contrasting precipitation regimes assessed through carbon isotope discrimination

et al. 2012

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Water-use efficiency (WUE) is a physiological parameter that plays a significant role in the evolutionary dynamics of many forest tree species. It can be estimated indirectly through carbon isotope discrimination (Δ). In general, plants of more arid origins have lower values of Δ. In order to study the degree of genetic control of this parameter and the genetic variation in Δ of Patagonian Cypress seedlings, three Argentinean natural populations chosen to represent two contrasting precipitation regimes were sampled in a common garden trial. The dry situation was represented by two neighboring marginal forest patches from the steppe, while the humid condition was represented by a population with 1,200 mm higher mean annual precipitation. Height (H) and Δ were measured in 246 five-year-old seedlings from 41 open-pollinated families. The factor 'family' had a significant effect on both variables; however heritability for Δ was found not to be significant in two out of the three populations. This could be explained by low sample size in one of them and by a real evolutionary effect in the other. An inverse association between H and Δ was verified, which is interpreted as evidence of an adaptation process at the intra-population level. The studied populations were not shown to discriminate carbon isotopes differently; hence evidence of adaptation to current environmental conditions could not be obtained. On the other hand, the arid populations proved to be quite different in terms of genetic variation, which seems to be the consequence of genetic drift and isolation.Key words: Austrocedrus chilensis; differentiation; adaptation; genetic drift. ResumenVariación genética de poblaciones naturales de Ciprés de la Cordillera con regímenes de precipitación contrastados, en la eficiencia del uso del agua de plántulas, a través de la discriminación isotópica del carbono La eficiencia en el uso del agua es un parámetro fisiológico que desempeña un rol significativo en la dinámica evolutiva de muchas especies forestales. Puede estimarse indirectamente a través de la discriminación isotópica del carbono (Δ). En general, las plantas de orígenes más áridos tienen valores de Δ más bajos. Con el propósito de estudiar el grado de control genético de Δ y la variación genética en este parámetro en plántulas de Ciprés de la Cordillera, tres poblaciones naturales elegidas para representar dos regímenes de precipitación contrastados fueron muestreadas en un ensayo de ambiente común. La condición árida estuvo representada por dos fragmentos de bosque esteparios marginales, vecinos entre sí, mientras que la condición húmeda fue representada por una población con una precipitación media anual 1.200 mm superior a la de las áridas. Se midió altura total (H) y Δ en 246 plántulas de 5 años de edad correspondientes a 41 familias de polinización abierta. El factor 'familia' tuvo un efecto significativo en ambas variables; sin embargo, la heredabilidad para Δ no resultó significativa en dos de las tres poblaciones. En una de ellas esto pod...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic variation in seedling water-use efficiency of Patagonian Cypress populations from contrasting precipitation regimes assessed through carbon isotope discrimination

et al. 2012

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“…Principal Component Analysis was carried out to explain the relation of the p = 12 original compounds (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12) in r < p components. It allows an optimal representation in a smaller dimensional space (r) of the multivariate problem (p).…”

Section: Principal Component Analysis (Pca)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It includes the west Andean populations in the Mediterranean region of Chile, east Andean populations ranging from humid rain forest to the steppe ecotone and coastal mountain populations from Mediterranean Chile [1][2][3]. This species is more common in the eastern Andes (Argentina), where the wide precipitation gradient ranges from 2500 to 4000 mm per year [3]. The Cupressaceae Austrocedrus chilensis covers some 47,000 ha of native forest in Chile [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal Variation and Resin Composition in the Andean Tree Austrocedrus chilensis

2014

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Abstract:Little is known about the changes in resin composition in South American gymnosperms associated with the different seasons of the year. The diterpene composition of 44 resin samples from seven Austrocedrus chilensis (Cupressaceae) trees, including male and female individuals, was investigated in three different seasons of the year (February, June and November). Twelve main diterpenes were isolated by chromatographic means and identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The diterpene composition was submitted to multivariate analysis to find possible associations between chemical composition and season of the year. The principal component analysis showed a clear relation between diterpene composition and season. The most characteristic compounds in resins collected in summer were Z-communic acid (9) and 12-oxo-labda-8(17),13E-dien-19 oic acid methyl ester (10) for male trees and 8(17),12,14-labdatriene (7) for female trees. For the winter samples, a clear correlation of female trees with torulosic acid (6) was observed. In spring, E-communic acid (8) and Z-communic acid (9) were correlated with female trees and 18-hydroxy isopimar-15-ene (1) with male tree resin. A comparison between percent diterpene composition and collection time showed p < 0.05 for isopimara-8(9),15-diene (2), sandaracopimaric acid (4), compound (7) and ferruginol (11).

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“…Muchos autores han estudiado la diversidad y variación genética que aparece en las masas naturales de Austrocedrus (Pastorino y Gallo 2001;Pastorino et al 2004;Arana et al 2010;Pomponio et al 2013), debido a su amplia distribución.…”

Section: Estudios Filogenéticos De Cupressaceaeunclassified

Anatomía comparada de la madera de Cupressaceae y su correspondencia con los estudios de filogenia

Jordán¹

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High genetic variation in marginal fragmented populations at extreme climatic conditions of the Patagonian Cypress Austrocedrus chilensis

Cited by 33 publications

References 75 publications

Genetic variation in seedling water-use efficiency of Patagonian Cypress populations from contrasting precipitation regimes assessed through carbon isotope discrimination

Genetic variation in seedling water-use efficiency of Patagonian Cypress populations from contrasting precipitation regimes assessed through carbon isotope discrimination

Seasonal Variation and Resin Composition in the Andean Tree Austrocedrus chilensis

Anatomía comparada de la madera de Cupressaceae y su correspondencia con los estudios de filogenia

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