High genetic diversity of Jatropha curcas assessed by ISSR

Abstract

ABSTRACT. Jatropha curcas L. is a highly promising oilseed for sustainable production of biofuels and bio-kerosene due to its high oil content and excellent quality. However, it is a perennial and incipiently domesticated species with none stable cultivar created until now despite genetic breeding programs in progress in several countries. Knowledge of the genetic structure and diversity of the species is a necessary step for breeding programs. The molecular marker can be used as a tool for speed up the process. This study was carried out to assess genetic diversity of a germplasm bank represented by J. curcas accessions from different provenance beside interspecific hybrid and backcrosses generated by IAC breeding programs using inter-simple sequence repeat markers. The molecular study revealed 271 bands of which 98.9% were polymorphic with an average of 22.7 polymorphic bands per primer. Genetic diversity of the germplasm evaluated was slightly higher than other germplasm around the world and ranged from 0.55 to 0.86 with an average of 0.59 (Jaccard index). Cluster analysis (UPGMA) revealed no clear grouping as to the geographical origin of accessions, consistent with genetic structure analysis using the Structure software. For diversity analysis between groups, accessions were divided into eight groups by origin. Nei's genetic distance between groups was 0.14. The results showed the importance of Mexican accessions, congeneric wild species, and interspecific hybrids for conservation and development of new genotypes in breeding programs.

Genetic Diversity in <i>Jatropha platyphylla</i> Accessions Based on Morphological Traits and Inter-Simple Sequence Repeats Molecular Markers

“…The maximum number of amplified product (8) was observed in the profiles of the primer UBC 827 and primer UBC 836. The minimum number of amplified product (5) was observed in the profiles of primer UBC 841. In the seven accessions, a total of 122 bands were obtained.…”

“…Intensive human intervention for the domestication of the plant is necessary to make the crop profitable [4]. Therefore, the establishment of crops that meet the needs of stable and commercial cultivars with high oil content and tolerance to pests and diseases requires developing a genetic improvement program [5]. However, lack of information exists on molecular characterization of this plant, which makes the determination of genetic variability essential for this program.…”

Coeficientes De Similaridade Para Avaliação Da Diversidade Genética Em Pinhão-Manso Por Marcadores Issr

“…Para o cálculo das distâncias genéticas entre cultivares ou acessos, diferentes metodologias são encontradas na literatura, tais como: Jaccard; Russel e Rao; Ochiai; Sokal e Sneath; entre outras (CRUZ, 2008). Para o pinhão-manso, a maior parte dos trabalhos utiliza apenas um ou poucos coeficientes, sendo os mais comuns os de Jaccard, Nei e Li e Coincidência Simples (DÍAZ et al, 2017;RIBEIRO et al, 2017;ALKIMIM et al, 2013;OLIVEIRA et al, 2013;SANTOS et al, 2010).…”

Genome composition and pollen viability of Jatropha (Euphorbiaceae) interspecific hybrids by Genomic In Situ Hybridization (GISH)

“…The establishment, characterization and suitable use of a germplasm bank representing the genetic variability of the species (core collection) are essential for the success of a breeding program (Díaz et al, 2017). Genetic diversity studies using morphological (Montes Osorio et al, 2014;Pazeto et al, 2015) or/and molecular markers (Basha and Sujatha, 2007;Tanya et al, 2011;Sudheer et al, 2011;Pecina-Quintero et al, 2014) have reported narrow diversity in J. curcas germplasm with exception of some studied Mexican accessions (probable center of origin of physic nut) (Santos et al, 2016;Li et al, 2017).…”

“…Generation of cultivars with higher productivity, increased oil content and quality, production uniformity, and resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses has been achieved by interspecific breeding (Sujatha, 2013). Congener species exhibit large genetic diversity, with several interesting agronomic traits (Popluechai et al, 2009;de Argollo Marques et al, 2013;Díaz et al, 2017). The closely related evergreen shrub J. integerrima (Sudheer Pamidiamarri et al, 2008) (2n = 2x = 22, Marinho et al, 2018, for instance, carries traits not found in J. curcas, such as setting profuse flowers with uniform blooming on the same inflorescence, presence of woody stem and branches, besides dwarf varieties (Laosatit et al, 2014.…”