High gene flow promotes the genetic homogeneity of arable weed populations at the landscape level

Délye, Christophe; Clément, Julie; Pernin, Fanny; Chauvel, Bruno; Corre, Valérie Le

doi:10.1016/j.baae.2010.06.008

Cited by 39 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Spatially explicit herbicide resistance modelling should learn from the rich field of spatially explicit modelling of dispersal and population dynamics that has already been employed in a diverse range of fields, including invasion biology, pest management, gene flow from transgenic crops and conservation . Fortunately, recent empirical work is already providing valuable information on the dispersal of pollen and seeds that will help to inform these models . Spatially explicit herbicide resistance models would make it possible to simulate, evaluate and design spatially targeted weed control options, such as managing resistant patches with different herbicides using targeted detection and spray technologies or autonomous robotic vehicles .…”

Section: The Road Aheadmentioning

confidence: 99%

Herbicide resistance modelling: past, present and future

Renton

Busi

Neve

et al. 2014

Pest Management Science

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Computer simulation modelling is an essential aid in building an integrated understanding of how different factors interact to affect the evolutionary and population dynamics of herbicide resistance, and thus in helping to predict and manage how agricultural systems will be affected. In this review, we first discuss why computer simulation modelling is such an important tool and framework for dealing with herbicide resistance. We then explain what questions related to herbicide resistance have been addressed to date using simulation modelling, and discuss the modelling approaches that have been used, focusing first on the earlier, more general approaches, and then on some newer, more innovative approaches. We then consider how these approaches could be further developed in the future, by drawing on modelling techniques that are already employed in other areas, such as individual-based and spatially explicit modelling approaches, as well as the possibility of better representing genetics, competition and economics, and finally the questions and issues of importance to herbicide resistance research and management that could be addressed using these new approaches are discussed. We conclude that it is necessary to proceed with caution when increasing the complexity of models by adding new details, but, with appropriate care, more detailed models will make it possible to integrate more current knowledge in order better to understand, predict and ultimately manage the evolution of herbicide resistance.

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Section: The Road Aheadmentioning

confidence: 99%

Herbicide resistance modelling: past, present and future

Renton

Busi

Neve

et al. 2014

Pest Management Science

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“…Blackgrass (Alopecurus myosuroides), a non-parasitic weedy grass common in cereal fields worldwide, has high genetic diversity based on amplified fragment length polymorphisms within the populations, and little divergence between populations collected across Europe (Menchari et al, 2007). Local fields are likely connected by high levels of gene flow (Délye et al, 2010), but the lack of differentiation across large ranges suggests that this recently expanded weed did not require adaptive changes to colonize different cereal fields, although adaptation at a few loci cannot be ruled out. Interestingly, the above examples suggest that bottlenecks may not characterize weedy plant populations derived from generalists or from pre-adapted wild plants ( Figure 1).…”

Section: The Origins Of Agricultural Weedsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The red queen in the corn: agricultural weeds as models of rapid adaptive evolution

2012

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Weeds are among the greatest pests of agriculture, causing billions of dollars in crop losses each year. As crop field management practices have changed over the past 12 000 years, weeds have adapted in turn to evade human removal. This evolutionary change can be startlingly rapid, making weeds an appealing system to study evolutionary processes that occur over short periods of time. An understanding of how weeds originate and adapt is needed for successful management; however, relatively little emphasis has been placed on genetically characterizing these systems. Here, we review the current literature on agricultural weed origins and their mechanisms of adaptation. Where possible, we have included examples that have been genetically well characterized. Evidence for three possible, non-mutually exclusive weed origins (from wild species, crop-wild hybrids or directly from crops) is discussed with respect to what is known about the microevolutionary signatures that result from these processes. We also discuss what is known about the genetic basis of adaptive traits in weeds and the range of genetic mechanisms that are responsible. With a better understanding of genetic mechanisms underlying adaptation in weedy species, we can address the more general process of adaptive evolution and what can be expected as we continue to apply selective pressures in agroecosystems around the world.

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“…Random population surveys identified resistance in all fields surveyed [14], and in any case, hardly any conventional fields where A. myosuroides is present exist where ACCase inhibitors have not been sprayed. A. myosuroides populations from fields cultivated under organic agriculture are also not suitable as “naive” populations: either these fields have an history of herbicide applications prior to their conversion to organic agriculture, or the A. myosuroides populations growing there are likely to have been contaminated by pollen flow from populations growing in neighbouring conventional fields where resistance to ACCase inhibitors had evolved [15]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA Analysis of Herbarium Specimens of the Grass Weed Alopecurus myosuroides Reveals Herbicide Resistance Pre-Dated Herbicides

2013

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Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase) alleles carrying one point mutation that confers resistance to herbicides have been identified in arable grass weed populations where resistance has evolved under the selective pressure of herbicides. In an effort to determine whether herbicide resistance evolves from newly arisen mutations or from standing genetic variation in weed populations, we used herbarium specimens of the grass weed Alopecurus myosuroides to seek mutant ACCase alleles carrying an isoleucine-to-leucine substitution at codon 1781 that endows herbicide resistance. These specimens had been collected between 1788 and 1975, i.e., prior to the commercial release of herbicides inhibiting ACCase. Among the 734 specimens investigated, 685 yielded DNA suitable for PCR. Genotyping the ACCase locus using the derived Cleaved Amplified Polymorphic Sequence (dCAPS) technique identified one heterozygous mutant specimen that had been collected in 1888. Occurrence of a mutant codon encoding a leucine residue at codon 1781 at the heterozygous state was confirmed in this specimen by sequencing, clearly demonstrating that resistance to herbicides can pre-date herbicides in weeds. We conclude that point mutations endowing resistance to herbicides without having associated deleterious pleiotropic effects can be present in weed populations as part of their standing genetic variation, in frequencies higher than the mutation frequency, thereby facilitating their subsequent selection by herbicide applications.

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High gene flow promotes the genetic homogeneity of arable weed populations at the landscape level

Cited by 39 publications

References 22 publications

Herbicide resistance modelling: past, present and future

Herbicide resistance modelling: past, present and future

The red queen in the corn: agricultural weeds as models of rapid adaptive evolution

DNA Analysis of Herbarium Specimens of the Grass Weed Alopecurus myosuroides Reveals Herbicide Resistance Pre-Dated Herbicides

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