High functional diversity in deep‐sea fish communities and increasing intraspecific trait variation with increasing latitude

Myers, Elisabeth M. V.; Anderson, Marti J.; Liggins, Libby; Harvey, Euan S.; Roberts, Clive D.; Eme, David

doi:10.1002/ece3.7871

Cited by 14 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…To measure the divergence and the regularity dimensions we worked directly with the Gower distance matrix to avoid loss of information associated with the dimensionality reduction by the PCoA. For the divergence dimension, we calculated the Mean Pairwise Functional Distance index (MPFD) corresponding to the mean functional distance between all species pairs (Myers et al, 2021). Finally, we measured functional regularity with the Variance in Pairwise Functional Distance (VPFD) index, quantifying the regularity of the functional distances among species (Myers et al, 2021).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the divergence dimension, we calculated the Mean Pairwise Functional Distance index (MPFD) corresponding to the mean functional distance between all species pairs (Myers et al, 2021). Finally, we measured functional regularity with the Variance in Pairwise Functional Distance (VPFD) index, quantifying the regularity of the functional distances among species (Myers et al, 2021). We then decorrelated the different functional metrics from SR by computing their Standardized Effect Size (SES) values.…”

Section: Functional Traits Collection and Functional Index Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Functional divergence quantifies the distance between species within the functional space whereas functional regularity is the variability of functional distances between species. Documenting the functional divergence and regularity within a community helps to understand the degree of species aggregation in functional space, which directly informs about the level of functional redundancy (i.e., tight packing) or uniqueness within the community and provides insight about resource partitioning (Myers et al, 2021). In phylogeny, the richness dimension corresponds to the overall amount of evolutionary history in a sampled community (PD; Faith, 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Disentangling the components of coastal fish biodiversity in southern Brittany by applying an environmental DNA approach

et al. 2022

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The global biodiversity crisis from anthropogenic activities significantly weakens the functioning of marine ecosystems and jeopardizes their ecosystem services. Increasing monitoring of marine ecosystems is crucial to understand the breadth of the changes in biodiversity, ecosystem functioning and propose more effective conservation strategies. Such strategies should not only focus on maximizing the number of species (i.e., taxonomic diversity) but also the diversity of phylogenetic histories and ecological functions within communities. To support future conservation decisions, multicomponent biodiversity monitoring can be combined with high-throughput species assemblage detection methods such as environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding. Here, we used eDNA to assess fish biodiversity along the coast of southern Brittany (France, Iroise Sea). We filtered surface marine water from 17 sampling stations and applied an eDNA metabarcoding approach targeting Actinopterygii and Elasmobranchii taxa.We documented three complementary biodiversity components-taxonomic, phylogenetic, and functional diversity-and three diversity facets-richness, divergence and regularity. We identified a north/south contrast with higher diversity for the three facets of the biodiversity components in the northern part of the study area. The northern communities showed higher species richness, stronger phylogenetic overdispersion and lower functional clustering compared to the ones in the southern part, due to the higher diversity of habitats (reefs, rocky shores) and restricted access for fishing. Moreover, we also detected a higher level of taxonomic, phylogenetic, and functional uniqueness in many offshore stations compared to more coastal ones, with the presence of species typically living at greater depths (> 300 m), which suggests an influence of hydrodynamic structures and currents on eDNA dispersion and hence sample composition. eDNA metabarcoding can, therefore, be used as an efficient sampling method to reveal fine-scale community compositions and in combination with functional and phylogenetic information to document multicomponent biodiversity gradients in coastal marine systems.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Functional Traits Collection and Functional Index Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Disentangling the components of coastal fish biodiversity in southern Brittany by applying an environmental DNA approach

et al. 2022

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“…Fifteen raw morphological measurements were obtained from individuals of each species of fish, in situ , by reviewing footage obtained from each Stereo‐BRUV deployment and using the software ‘EventMeasure’ (http://www.seagis.com.au; see Myers et al . (2021) and Appendix : Table S1). Where possible, measurements from multiple individuals of a single species within a given depth‐by‐location cell were obtained.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A recent study suggested that the functional alpha diversity for fishes (based on their morphological traits) remains relatively stable to a depth of ˜1200 m, while functional distances among individuals within communities increases with depth (Myers et al . 2021). These results run counter to the classical ecological paradigm that functions are filtered more strongly in harsh environments than in benign environments (Swenson et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional beta diversity of New Zealand fishes: Characterising morphological turnover along depth and latitude gradients, with derivation of functional bioregions

et al. 2021

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Changes in the functional structures of communities are rarely examined along multiple large-scale environmental gradients. Here, we describe patterns in functional beta diversity for New Zealand marine fishes versus depth and latitude, including broad-scale delineation of functional bioregions. We derived eight functional traits related to food acquisition and locomotion and calculated complementary indices of functional beta diversity for 144 species of marine ray-finned fishes occurring along large-scale depth (50-1200 m) and latitudinal gradients (29°-51°S) in the New Zealand Exclusive Economic Zone. We focused on a suite of morphological traits calculated directly from in situ Baited Remote Underwater Stereo-Video (stereo-BRUV) footage and museum specimens. We found that functional changes were primarily structured by depth followed by latitude, and that latitudinal functional turnover decreased with increasing depth. Functional turnover among cells increased with increasing depth distance, but this relationship plateaued for greater depth distances (>750 m). In contrast, functional turnover did not change significantly with increasing latitudinal distance at 700-1200 m depths. Shallow functional bioregions (50-100 m) were distinct at different latitudes, whereas deeper bioregions extended across broad latitudinal ranges. Fishes in shallow depths had a body shape conducive to efficient propulsion, while fishes in deeper depths were more elongated, enabling slow, energy-efficient locomotion, and had large eyes to enhance vision. Environmental filtering may be a primary driver of broad-scale patterns of functional beta diversity in the deep sea. Greater environmental homogeneity may lead to greater functional homogeneity across latitudinal gradients at deeper depths (700-1200 m). We suggest that communities living at depth may follow a 'functional village hypothesis', whereby similar key functional niches in fish communities may be maintained over large spatial scales.

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Effects of overgrazing on the functional diversity of rodents in desert areas

Zhu,

Li,

et al. 2024

Ecology and Evolution

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Environmental stressors and disturbances can cause changes in an ecosystem's community structure, which can be reflected in its functional diversity. As grazing intensity increases, this causes changes in the environment that inevitably lead to changes in the community structure, which can especially affect rodents due to their sensitivity to the environment. The effects of grazing prohibition and overgrazing on the functional diversity of desert rodent communities in Alxa were studied in April, July, and October of 2018–2020. The trap‐day method was used to study rodent communities in disturbed habitats. Five functional traits were selected and quantified: nutrition, life history, physiology, morphology, and activity rhythm. The results showed that: (1) The species composition of rodent communities in the Alxa Desert in spring and autumn was significantly correlated with the functional traits of the hibernation, reproductive cycle, and feeding habits. The species composition in the summer was only significantly correlated with the functional traits of reproductive cycle and diet. (2) The effects of overgrazing on the functional diversity of rodents in desert areas have significant temporal and spatial characteristics. (3) In spring and summer, overgrazing made the Functional Richness index of the rodent community lower than that of areas where grazing is prohibited, but the Functional Evenness index was higher than that of grazing‐prohibition areas. In autumn, overgrazing increased the Functional Richness index of the rodent community and decreased the Functional Evenness index. The Functional Divergence index was higher in overgrazing areas than in grazing‐prohibited ones. These results suggest that, in spring and summer, overgrazing reduced the ecological space utilization ability of rodent communities; however, the impact on the degree of utilization of community resources is more comprehensive. In autumn, overgrazing increases the ability of rodent communities to use ecological space but reduces resource efficiency. Overgrazing makes the niche differentiation of rodent communities higher, the degree of overlap lower, and the competition between species weaker. Therefore, overgrazing will affect the functional diversity of the community through the utilization of ecological space, resource utilization, interspecific competition, and niche.

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High functional diversity in deep‐sea fish communities and increasing intraspecific trait variation with increasing latitude

Abstract: This is an open access article under the terms of the Creat ive Commo ns Attri bution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Cited by 14 publications

References 94 publications

Disentangling the components of coastal fish biodiversity in southern Brittany by applying an environmental DNA approach

Disentangling the components of coastal fish biodiversity in southern Brittany by applying an environmental DNA approach

Functional beta diversity of New Zealand fishes: Characterising morphological turnover along depth and latitude gradients, with derivation of functional bioregions

Effects of overgrazing on the functional diversity of rodents in desert areas

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