High Fructose Consumption during Pregnancy and Lactation Leads to Maternal Renal Function Alteration

Abstract

The consumption of foods that have fructose in its formulations has grown in the last decades. Nevertheless, increased consumption of this sugar has been related to the development of diseases such as obesity, diabetes and others. Many physiological changes occur during pregnancy and lactation and high consumption of fructose in these periods can interfere with maternal health. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the effects of increased fructose consumption on gestation and lactation on blood pressure and renal function. Methods Females Wistar rats were randomly assigned to groups: Control (C) and Fructose (F). The group C received food and drinking water ad libitum, and F received food and D‐fructose solution (20%) for drinking ad libitum. In F, the offer of D‐fructose solution begun 1week before mating and continued during pregnancy and lactation. Renal function was evaluated 21 days after offspring birth. Indirect measurement of systolic blood pressure (BPi), body weight, arterial blood pH, glycemia, ureia concentration in plasma, glomerular filtration rate ‐ GFR (creatinine clearance), excreted load of sodium (ENa+) and potassium (EK+) were measured. Ethic Committee on Animal Use of the Federal University of Sao Paulo approval number 757270117. Results Compared with C group, F presented higher values of BPi (129.7±1.4 vs 118.4±1.9 mmHg; p=0.0012), body weight (281.7±4.9 vs 232.7± 22.9 g; p=0.0245) and urinary flow (33.4±3.6 vs 14.6±2.1 mL; p=0.0035). F also had decreased GFR (3.8±0.4 vs 6.0± 0.5 mL/min/kg; p=0.0082), ENa+ (0.88±0.12 vs 1.42±0.25 mEq/24h; p=0.0350) and EK+ (2.24±0.38 vs 3.73±0.51 mEq/24h, p=0.0350). There were no significant differences between the groups regarding the arterial blood pH (7.40±0.01 vs 7.39±0.02; p=0.7599), glycemia (160.7± 3.5 vs 146.7±4.7 mg/dL; p=0.0565) and ureia concentration in plasma (36.7±1.2 vs 34.9±1.1 mg/dL; p=0.4645). Values presented as mean ± sem, Mann‐Whitney test, p ≤ 0.05; number of animals: C=6, F=7. Conclusions The results suggest that in rats, fructose overload during pregnancy and lactation can lead to maternal renal dysfunction (reduced GFR and sodium excretion), changes probably related to the increase in blood pressure observed in these animals. Support or Funding Information FAPESP, CNPq This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2019 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal.

The gut–brain axis in vertebrates: implications for food intake regulation

“…In fish, most of the available information on gut nutrient sensing is limited to descriptive observations on the presence of different nutrient sensors in the gastrointestinal tract of different species. For instance, Sglt1 and/or its encoding gene (slc5a1) have been detected in the gastrointestinal tract of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss; Geurden et al, 2007;Polakof and Soengas, 2013) and zebrafish (Danio rerio; Ye et al, 2019), tas1r1 mRNAs in the gastrointestinal tract of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella; Cai et al, 2018), tas1r2 in rainbow trout (Polakof and Soengas, 2013), tas1r3 in rainbow trout (Polakof and Soengas, 2013) and grass carp (Cai et al, 2018), and gpcr6a and casr in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar; Gomes et al, 2019). Furthermore, expression of mRNAs encoding liver X receptor (LXR), an additional glucosensor (see Glossary) in fish (Otero-Rodiño et al, 2016), has been detected in the proximal and distal intestine of rainbow trout and the pyloric caeca (see Glossary) of Atlantic salmon (Cruz-Garcia et al, 2009).…”