High-frequency sequences deposited during Quaternary sea-level cycles on a deforming continental shelf, north Canterbury, New Zealand

Barnes, Philip M.

doi:10.1016/0037-0738(94)00141-g

Cited by 27 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…By evaluating stratal relationships, sequence geometries, and seismic facies, and comparing them with similar studies from other high-energy margins (e.g. Barnes, 1995;Abbot, 1998), we have constructed a predictive sequence stratigraphic model for sediment deposition and preservation on the Eel River shelf. This model predicts that most preserved sediments are highstand marine silts and muds, transported and deposited by longshore-directed waves and currents.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sedimentary Processes and Stratigraphic Responses in a Tectonically Driven Basin: Northern California Continental Shelf and Upper Slope

Fulthorpe¹,

Austin²,

James³

2003

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LONG-TERM GOALSThis project is a component of ONR's STRATAFORM program, the goal of which has been to link short-term (i.e., acting over hours to weeks) biological and physical processes affecting sedimentation ("event stratigraphy") to the sequence stratigraphy and facies architecture of the preserved record. STRATAFORM consisted of three interrelated projects whose goals are to study: 1) shelf sediment dynamics and the development of lithostratigraphy, 2) slope geological processes and resultant geomorphology, and 3) stratigraphic sequences resulting from shelf and slope sedimentation. Highresolution multichannel seismic (MCS) data collection, described below, was part of the third project, but the data also form part of a multi-faceted approach that ties all three projects together. OBJECTIVESSpecific objectives include: 1) origins of sequence stratigraphic architecture in a setting with high rates of sediment supply and active tectonism, 2) tracking the history of northward sediment dispersal from the Eel River and identifying sediment transport pathways that existed during sea-level lowstands, 3) morphologies and evolution of slope gullies, and 4) history of the Humboldt Slide.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sedimentary Processes and Stratigraphic Responses in a Tectonically Driven Basin: Northern California Continental Shelf and Upper Slope

Fulthorpe¹,

Austin²,

James³

2003

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“…Late Pliocene to Recent wave and storm dominated sediments (Carter and Herzer, 1979) on the east coast of New Zealand have been exposed on the shelf by coastal uplift, folding and wave planation (Barnes, 1995). Regional oceanography plays a major role in the seaward dispersal of sediment from the Waipaoa River in the region surrounding Poverty Bay (Orpin et al, 2006).…”

Section: Comparison To Similar Continental Shelves and The Significanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sedimentation on the narrow (8 km wide), oceanic current-influenced continental shelf off Durban, Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa

et al. 2012

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“…Nor was the Greendale Fault identified by previous seismic reflection studies [e.g., Jongens et al ., ]. Alluvial sediments derive from Mesozoic greywacke rocks composing the Southern Alps and represent deposition during episodic glacial and interglacial periods [e.g., Barnes , ]. They include interlayered formations of gravels and fine to very fine grained sediments [e.g., Moar and Gage , ; Browne and Naish , ].…”

Section: The Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Fracture‐related wavefield polarization and seismic anisotropy across the Greendale Fault

et al. 2015

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We investigate seismic signatures of fracturing in a newly ruptured strike‐slip fault by determining the wavefield polarization in the New Zealand Canterbury Plains area and across the Greendale Fault, which was responsible for the 3 September 2010 Darfield Mw 7.1 earthquake. Previous studies suggested that fractured rocks in fault damage zones cause directional amplification and ground motion polarization in the fracture‐perpendicular direction as an effect of stiffness anisotropy, and cause velocity anisotropy with shear wave velocity larger in the fracture‐parallel component. An array of 14 stations was installed following the Darfield earthquake. We assess polarization both in the frequency and time domains through the individual‐station horizontal‐to‐vertical spectral ratio and covariance matrix analysis, respectively, and compare the results to previously reported anisotropy measurements from shear wave splitting. Stations installed in the Canterbury Plains have an amplification peak between 0.1 and 0.3 Hz for both earthquakes and ambient noise. We relate the amplification to the resonance of a considerable thickness (c. 1 km) of soft sediments lying over the metamorphic bedrock. Analysis of seismic events revealed the existence of another peak in amplification between 2 and 5 Hz at two on‐fault stations, which was not visible in the noise analysis. In contrast to the lower frequency peak, the ones between 2 and 5 Hz are more strongly anisotropic, attaining amplitudes up to a factor of 4 in the N52° direction. To interpret this effect we model the fracture pattern in the fault damage zone produced by the fault kinematics. We conclude that the horizontal polarization is orthogonal to extensional fractures, which predominate in the shallow layers (<2 km) with an expected strike of N139°. Fracture orientation is consistent with coseismic surface rupture observations, confirming the reliability of the model. S wave splitting is produced by velocity anisotropy in the entire rock volume crossed along the seismic path; thus, it is affected by deeper material than the amplification study. We explain the rotation of S wave fast component observed by Holt et al. (2013) near the fault in terms of the dominant synthetic cleavages at greater depths (>2 km), expected in N101° direction on the basis of the model. Thus, different fracture distribution at different depths may explain different results for amplification compared to anisotropy. We propose polarization amplification analysis as a complementary method to S wave splitting analysis. Polarization analysis is rapidly computed and robust, and it can be applied to either earthquakes or ambient noise recordings, giving useful information about the predominant fracture patterns at various depths.

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High-frequency sequences deposited during Quaternary sea-level cycles on a deforming continental shelf, north Canterbury, New Zealand

Cited by 27 publications

References 37 publications

Sedimentary Processes and Stratigraphic Responses in a Tectonically Driven Basin: Northern California Continental Shelf and Upper Slope

Sedimentary Processes and Stratigraphic Responses in a Tectonically Driven Basin: Northern California Continental Shelf and Upper Slope

Sedimentation on the narrow (8 km wide), oceanic current-influenced continental shelf off Durban, Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa

Fracture‐related wavefield polarization and seismic anisotropy across the Greendale Fault

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