“…Overall, our findings that suggest decreased corticomotor excitability direct oppose the vicious cycle theory (Travell et al, ). Nonetheless, recent studies have presented the opposite effect for the spinal innervation, i.e., increased corticomotor excitability following repeated injections of NFG into the extensor carpi radialis brevis (ECRB), which is likely explained as a motor learning effect that results from the search for a new moment strategy in the affected limb (De Martino, Seminowicz, Schabrun, Petrini, & Graven‐Nielsen, ; De Martino, Zandalasini, Schabrun, Petrini, & Graven‐Nielsen, ; Schabrun, Christensen, Mrachacz‐Kersting, & Graven‐Nielsen, ). There are some important methodological differences that could account for these contradictory findings, besides the need of the above‐mentioned pre‐activation level: (a) the tonic muscle contractions could have facilitated nociceptive inputs in the NGF injected masseter.…”