High frequency of Polio-like Enterovirus C strains with differential clustering of CVA-13 and EV-C99 subgenotypes in a cohort of Malawian children

Brouwer, Lieke; Sanden, Sabine M. G. van der; Calis, Job C. J.; Bruning, Andrea H L; Wang, Steven; Wildenbeest, Joanne G; Rebers, Sjoerd; Phiri, Kamija S.; Westerhuis, Brenda M.; Hensbroek, Michaël Boele van; Wolthers, Katja C.

doi:10.1007/s00705-018-3878-7

Cited by 17 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…This epidemiological information on the genetic diversity of EV contributes to the growing knowledge of genotypes circulating in Ethiopia. Most of the genotypes detected in this study were reported from previous studies in Ethiopia and other sub‐Saharan African countries 19‐24 . The frequent detection of EV‐B and EV‐C in this study is comparable with a previous study in Ethiopia in 2016 19 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Genotyping of enteroviruses and human parechoviruses highlights their diversity in Northwest Ethiopia

Gelaw

Pietsch

Tigabu

et al. 2020

Journal of Medical Virology

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Enteroviruses (EVs) and human parechoviruses (HPeVs) infections are associated with various forms of disease, including gastroenteritis. As information on the molecular epidemiology of these viruses is limited in Ethiopia, the genetic diversity of EV and HPeV was investigated in the Northwestern part of the country. Of the total 450 stool samples obtained from infants and young children with diarrhea, 157 (34.9%) were positive for EV and 49 (10.9%) for HPeV RNA when tested by real‐time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Genotyping was performed by sequencing of the EV VP1 gene and the HPeV VP3/VP1 gene, respectively. Genotyping of EV was successful in 118 samples. Thereof, 82 (69.5%) belonged to non‐polio EVs as a broad range of genotypes within species C, B, and A. Sabin polioviruses were found in 36 cases. HPeV sequences were also heterogeneous with a relative dominance of genotype 3. In conclusion, diverse EV and HPeV genotypes were found cocirculating in Northwest Ethiopia. The findings highlight the importance of continuous surveillance of these viruses in Ethiopia.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Genotyping of enteroviruses and human parechoviruses highlights their diversity in Northwest Ethiopia

Gelaw

Pietsch

Tigabu

et al. 2020

Journal of Medical Virology

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“…In the context of global eradication of polioviruses, information on NPEVs circulation is key to understand their role in AFP context. Surveillance data shows that in Europe, USA and Africa, most cases have been associated with EV-B species, whereas species A are normally more prevalent in Asia [13][14][15][16][17]. The etiology of AFP cases in Brazil is systematically determined, although information on molecular diversity and NPEV circulation patterns is still scarce [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular characterization and epidemiological aspects of non-polio enteroviruses isolated from acute flaccid paralysis in Brazil: a historical series (2005–2017)

Sousa

Oliveira

Burlandy

et al. 2020

Emerging Microbes & Infections

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Due to the advanced stage of polio eradication, the possible role of non-polio enteroviruses (NPEVs) associated to acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) cases has been highlighted. In this study, we described epidemiological aspects of NPEVs infections associated to AFP and explore the viral genetic diversity, information still scarce in Brazil. From 2005 to 2017, 6707 stool samples were collected in the scope of the Brazilian Poliomyelitis Surveillance Program. NPEVs were isolated in 359 samples (5.3%) and 341 (94.9%) were genotyped. About 46 different NPEV types were identified with the following detection pattern EV-B > EV-A > EV-C. The major EV-types were CVA2, CV4, EV-A71, CVB3, CVB5, E6, E7, E11, CVA13 and EV-C99, which corresponds to 51.6% of the total. Uncommon types, such as CVA12, EV-90 and CVA11, were also identified. Different E6 genogroups were observed, prevailing the GenIII, despite periods of co-circulation, and replacement of genogroups along time. CVA2 sequences were classified as genotype C and data suggested its dispersion in South-American countries. CVA13 viruses belonged to cluster B and Venezuelan viruses composed a new putative cluster. This study provides extensive information on enterovirus diversity associated with AFP, reinforcing the need of tailoring current surveillance strategies to timely monitor emergence/re-emergence of NPEVs.

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“…Within this species, CVA20 and EV-C99 were the most common serotypes identified in our cohort. Although both serotypes have been isolated from AFP patients, they have been more commonly identified in apparently healthy individuals [23,25,43,48]. In our cohort, all but one of the HIV-positive individuals infected with these serotypes had a CD4+ T cell count higher than 200 cells/µL.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…In our study, the majority of strains were assigned to Enterovirus C (29/39), which is often described as the most common group circulating in sub-Saharan Africa [43,47]. Within this species, CVA20 and EV-C99 were the most common serotypes identified in our cohort.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…Data on enterovirus infections circulating in people living in sub-Saharan Africa are still limited and mostly addressing the pediatric population. Recently, Brouwer et al detected enteroviruses by real-time RT-PCR in 89.9% of fecal samples collected from a cohort of children ≤ 5 years of age in Malawi, not showing differences in enterovirus detection rates between children with and without severe anemia [43]. So far, no other studies could evidence a comparable high detection rate [44].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Molecular Characterization and Clinical Description of Non-Polio Enteroviruses Detected in Stool Samples from HIV-Positive and HIV-Negative Adults in Ghana

Cristanziano

Weimer

Böttcher

et al. 2020

Viruses

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In the post-polio eradication era, increasing attention is given to non-polio enteroviruses. Most of the data about enteroviruses in sub-Saharan Africa are related to acute flaccid paralysis surveillance and target the pediatric population. This study aimed to investigate the presence of enterovirus in PLHIV (people living with HIV) and HIV-negative individuals in Ghana. Stool samples from HIV-positive individuals (n = 250) and healthy blood donors (n = 102) attending the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital in Kumasi, Ghana, were screened by real-time PCR for enterovirus. Molecular typing of the VP1 region was performed. Enterovirus-positive samples were tested for norovirus, adenovirus, rotavirus, sapovirus, and cosaviruses. Twenty-six out of 250 HIV-positive subjects (10.4%) and 14 out of 102 HIV-negative individuals (13.7%) were detected enterovirus-positive, not showing a significant different infection rate between the two groups. HIV-negative individuals were infected with Enterovirus C strains only. HIV-positive participants were detected positive for species Enterovirus A, Enterovirus B, and Enterovirus C. Co-infections with other viral enteric pathogens were almost exclusively detected among HIV-positive participants. Overall, the present study provides the first data about enteroviruses within HIV-positive and HIV-negative adults living in Ghana.

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High frequency of Polio-like Enterovirus C strains with differential clustering of CVA-13 and EV-C99 subgenotypes in a cohort of Malawian children

Cited by 17 publications

References 56 publications

Genotyping of enteroviruses and human parechoviruses highlights their diversity in Northwest Ethiopia

Genotyping of enteroviruses and human parechoviruses highlights their diversity in Northwest Ethiopia

Molecular characterization and epidemiological aspects of non-polio enteroviruses isolated from acute flaccid paralysis in Brazil: a historical series (2005–2017)

Molecular Characterization and Clinical Description of Non-Polio Enteroviruses Detected in Stool Samples from HIV-Positive and HIV-Negative Adults in Ghana

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