High frequency of pathogenic<i>Aspergillus</i>species among nonsporulating moulds from respiratory tract samples

Dufresne, Philippe J.; Moonjely, Soumya; Ozaki, Koyomi; Tremblay, Cécile; Laverdière, Michél; Dufresne, Simon F.

doi:10.1093/mmy/myw064

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…nor Aspergillus sp. are gastrointestinal commensals, though both are identifiable from human respiratory tracts [9]. These fungi might take advantage of compromised immunity in newborns to overgrow and overstimulate immature immune systems.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bowel Colonization by Non-Commensal Fungi in Neonatal Obstructive Cholangitis and Biliary Atresia

Huang

Lin

Chang

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Up to two-thirds of biliary atresia (BA) patients need liver transplantation after the standard Kasai portoenterostomy treatment. Unrelenting cholangitis often precedes the full-blown presentation of BA. Using ribosomal 18S sequencing, here we report bowel colonization by non-commensal Aspergillus fungi in one case of neonatal obstructive cholangitis. Continuous oral fluconazole treatment resolved obstructive cholangitis completely. Colonization by non-commensal Aspergillus and Cerrena were additionally identified in 2 BA cases. In brief, bowel colonization by non-commensal fungi could be a treatable cause of neonatal obstructive cholangitis and potentially BA at an early stage.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bowel Colonization by Non-Commensal Fungi in Neonatal Obstructive Cholangitis and Biliary Atresia

Huang

Lin

Chang

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…However, hyphal fragments can also be airborne and directly invade the respiratory tract [ 18 , 19 ]. It is common to see nonsporulating moulds, especially A. fumigatus , be isolated and identified as the pathogenic microorganism in the respiratory tract samples [ 20 ]. We had previously obtained two clinical nonsporulating A. fumigatus strains from the pulmonary specimens of two immunocompetent patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses Induced by Aspergillus fumigatus Conidia and Hyphae

et al. 2022

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Previous research indicated that hyphae of Aspergillus fumigatus ( A. fumigatus ) rather than conidia could successfully build a pulmonary aspergillosis model in immunocompetent mice. In this study, we compared the immune responses induced by hyphae and conidia to explore the possible mechanism of this striking phenomenon. Herein, a novel method was designed and adopted to quantify hyphal fragments. Murine macrophages RAW264.7 and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells were stimulated by A. fumigatus hyphae and conidia in vitro, respectively, and then immunological reactions were measured. Male C57BL/6 mice were challenged with conidia and hyphae through intratracheal inoculation. Dynamic conditions of mice were recorded, and RNA-seq measured corresponding immune responses. The results of the study confirmed that hyphae could induce more intensive inflammation than conidia in vitro and in vivo. However, macrophages revealed a higher production of ROS and M1 polarisation in response to conidia stimuli. Additionally, conidia could promote Th1 cell differentiation, while hyphae could increase the CD4/CD8 ratio. RNA-seq validated the fact that those multiple immunologically relevant pathways were more strongly activated by hyphae than conidia, which also promoted Th2 cell differentiation and suppressed Th1 signalling. Both hyphae and conidia could activate Th17 signalling. In general, conidia and hyphae induced distinctly different host immune responses, and the immune responses induced by conidia played a better protective effect. Therefore, the unique function of hyphae in the spread and infection of Aspergillus should be emphasised, and more research is required to clarify the underlying mechanisms for better understanding and management of aspergillosis. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00284-022-03102-1.

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“…At the same time, A. fumigatus and A. flavus are the primary causes of mould aspergillosis in man. Thus, respiratory (Dufresne et al 2017), cutaneous (Raiesi et al 2017), ocular (Zhao et al 2016) and even systemic infections (Gabrielli et al 2014) may arise, not only in agricultural settings (Porpon et al 2017;Viegas et al 2016), but also in immunocompromised individuals (Wiesmüller et al 2017;Porpon et al 2017), and with increasing resistance (Meis et al 2016) to mainstay antifungal-azole therapy (Park et al 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel antifungal property for the Bacillus licheniformis ComX pheromone and its possible role in inter-kingdom cross-talk

Esmaeilishirazifard

Dariush

Moschos

et al. 2018

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

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Quorum sensing molecules (QSMs) regulate, through a chemical communication process, multiple complex systems in bacterial and some fungal populations on the basis of cell density. The bacterial QSMs involved in inter-kingdom cross-talk may exhibit antagonistic activity against fungi. This provides an important opportunity for biocontrol of fungal invasion in plants. It has been shown that cultures of Bacillus spp. inhibit fungal growth. Here, we explore the inhibitory potential of the industrial workhorse Bacillus licheniformis NCIMB-8874 and its QSM (ComX pheromone) on the growth of Aspergillus flavus, a cereal, legume, and nut crop pathogen. Our studies show that ComX filtered extracts from cultures of B. licheniformis can cause a significant reduction in the growth of A. flavus NRRL 3357 and ESP 15 at a concentration as low as 13 μg ml. This work evidences, for the first time, the inter-kingdom utility of the bacterial quorum sensing ComX pheromone indicating potential antifungal food security against A. flavus.

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High frequency of pathogenicAspergillusspecies among nonsporulating moulds from respiratory tract samples

Cited by 8 publications

References 10 publications

Bowel Colonization by Non-Commensal Fungi in Neonatal Obstructive Cholangitis and Biliary Atresia

Bowel Colonization by Non-Commensal Fungi in Neonatal Obstructive Cholangitis and Biliary Atresia

Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses Induced by Aspergillus fumigatus Conidia and Hyphae

A novel antifungal property for the Bacillus licheniformis ComX pheromone and its possible role in inter-kingdom cross-talk

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