High Frequency of Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Patients with and without Diarrhea in Lima, Perú

García, Coralith; Chincha, Omayra; Leon, Mey; Iglesias, David; Barletta, Francesca; Mercado, Erik H.; Ochoa, Theresa J.

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.2010.09-0460

Cited by 19 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…For example, the exclusive detection of a DEC pathotype (i.e. CDEC) in HIV-positive cases has been reported before [14]. Similarly, studies on DEC in East Africa also showed that EAEC is the most frequent pathotype among children with diarrhoea [15][16][17][18][19][20]; in Western Kenya, ETEC was also associated with acute diarrhoea while EAEC was linked to persistent diarrhoea in HIV-positive children [17].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli isolated from children with acute diarrhoea at Rakai hospital, Southern Uganda

Masiga

Kigozi

Najjuka

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) is a leading cause of childhood diarrhoea in the developing countries. However, there is scanty information on DEC and its association with childhood diarrhoea in Uganda. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of DEC and its pathotypes among children with acute diarrhoea in Southern Uganda. Results: A cross-sectional study was conducted over a period of 3 months, May 2016 to July 2016. A total of 267 children less than 5 years with acute diarrhoea admitted to Rakai General Hospital in Southern Uganda were enrolled into the study. Stool was collected from all the children and processed for isolation of E. coli . Conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to determine the presence of DEC and its pathotypes . A total of 102 (38.2%, 102/267) children had DEC of various pathotypes –enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) (14.2%); enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) (6.7%); enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) (6%); enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC) (7.5%); enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) (3%); and cell-detaching E. coli (CDEC) (0.75%). The difference in overall prevalence of DEC was not significant regarding HIV status but individually, ETEC was associated with HIV-negative status while EAEC and CDEC were associated with HIV-positive status. Conclusions: DEC is prevalent in Ugandan children with acute diarrhoea. Therefore, its identification should be considered among strategies for combatting childhood diarrhoea in Uganda.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli isolated from children with acute diarrhoea at Rakai hospital, Southern Uganda

Masiga

Kigozi

Najjuka

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…57 DECs are responsible for diarrhea in HIV-infected individuals and are more common in HIV-positive than healthy subjects. 58 Typhoid fever, or typhoid, is an acute systemic bacterial infection caused by Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi. 59 HIV-associated typhoid fever is a health problem mainly in developing countries.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Co-infections in HIV/AIDS-positive Subjects: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

et al. 2018

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Background: Bacterial infections are the most common complications in people with HIV/AIDS. There has been no previous report on the prevalence of bacterial co-infections in Iranian HIV/AIDS-positive subjects. Aim: To evaluate the frequency of bacterial infections in hospitalized HIV/AIDS-infected patients in Iran. Materials and methods: Based on PRISMA guidelines, a computerized search in related data banks using relevant keywords was performed in both Persian and English languages for articles that were published until March 10, 2017. A total of 1118 original articles were systematically reviewed to identify eligible studies on the prevalence of bacterial co-infections in HIV/AIDS-infected patients from Iran. After screening for inclusion and exclusion criteria, we extracted data from 28 eligible articles for the meta-analysis. Results: The overall bacterial infection rate among Iranian HIV/AIDS-positive individuals was estimated to be 48.6%. Gastrointestinal disorders (59.5%) were the most frequent bacterial infections in this group of patients followed by bacterial lymphadenopathy (38.9%), TB infection (38.2%), bacterial pneumonia (31.2%), brucellosis (26.3%), skin infections (13.3%) and sexually transmitted infections (9.7%). The prevalence of other bacterial infections including endocarditis, sepsis and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) were 10%, 9.1%, and 6.9%, respectively. Conclusion: The prevalence of a wide spectrum of bacterial co-infections, especially endemic infections, in Iranian HIV/AIDS-infected patients, is alarming and calls for urgent need to improve the currently applied diagnostic and preventive methods. In addition, timely treatment of these infections is pivotal to decrease the morbidity and mortality rates in HIV/AIDS-infected patients.

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“…The distribution of EAEC infection and illness affecting different populations worldwide is shown in table 1 [10••, 37–39]. …”

Section: Eaec History and Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Over the years studies have linked diarrheal illness with EAEC infection in both HIV-infected adults and children from Africa, and South America [10••, 39] and adults from USA [55]. Nevertheless, it remains to be determined if EAEC is also associated with diarrhea illness in HIV patients from other developing and industrialized countries.…”

Section: Eaec History and Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After the 2011 outbreak of the hybrid EAEC-STEC-EXPEC O104:H4 strain, the number of epidemiological studies seeking both EAEC and EAEC hybrid strains in patients with diarrhea increased, particularly in children from less-developed areas of the world [33–36]. The distribution of EAEC infection and illness affecting different populations worldwide is shown in table 1 [10••, 37–39].…”

Section: Eaec History and Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli: A Pathogen Bridging the North and South

et al. 2014

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Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) is a heterogeneous emerging enteric pathogen. Identified during the 1980’s when EAEC strains where isolated from cases of acute and persistent diarrhea among infants from developing countries and of traveler’s diarrhea. Subsequently, EAEC strains were linked with foodborne outbreaks and diarrhea illness in adults and children from industrialized countries, HIV-infected subjects and stunting of malnourished poor children. Nowadays, EAEC is increasingly recognized as a major cause of acute diarrhea in children recurring hospitalization and of traveler’s diarrhea worldwide. EAEC strains defining phenotype is the aggregative adherence (AA) pattern on epithelial cells. AggR a transcriptional regulator of several EAEC virulence genes has been a key factor in both understanding EAEC pathogenesis and defining typical EAEC (tEAEC) strains. EAEC virulence genes distribution among these strains is highly variable. Present challenges are the identification of key virulence genes and how they coordinately function in the setting of enteric disease.

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High Frequency of Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Patients with and without Diarrhea in Lima, Perú

Cited by 19 publications

References 15 publications

Diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli isolated from children with acute diarrhoea at Rakai hospital, Southern Uganda

Diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli isolated from children with acute diarrhoea at Rakai hospital, Southern Uganda

Bacterial Co-infections in HIV/AIDS-positive Subjects: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli: A Pathogen Bridging the North and South

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