High Frequency of Diabetes and Impaired Fasting Glucose in Patients with Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency in the Western Brazilian Amazon

Abstract

Abstract. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is one of the most common human genetic abnormalities, and it has a significant prevalence in the male population (X chromosome linked). The purpose of this study was to estimate the frequency of impaired fasting glucose and diabetes among G6PD-deficient persons in Manaus, Brazil, an area in the Western Brazilian Amazon to which malaria is endemic. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenasedeficient males had more impaired fasting glucose and diabetes. This feature could be used as a screening tool for G6PD-deficient persons who are unable to use primaquine for the radical cure of Plasmodium vivax malaria.

Glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency induced haemolysis in a woman with newly diagnosed diabetes after normalisation of hyperglycaemia

“…Severe hyperglycaemia could further decrease G6PD activity and expression in human islets [22]. By contrast, another study showed a high prevalence of impaired fasting glucose and diabetes in people with G6PD deficiency [23,24].…”

“…She was found to have hyperglycaemia with mild to moderate dehydration, but there was no evidence of diabetic ketoacidosis. Her venous pH was 7.4 (7.35-7.45), P CO2 was 0.59 (0.47-0.6) kPa, HCO 3 was 25.8 (22)(23)(24)(25)(26) mmol/L, plasma glucose was 25.5 mmol/L, acetone negative, urine ketone +1 and HbA 1c was 132 mmol/mol (14.2%).…”

Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency and Physical and Mental Health until Adolescence

“…[47] Whether reduced erythrocyte metabolism in G6PD deficiency[48] could be partly due to lower adrenal androgens has not been previously been considered. Nevertheless such a hypothesis would provide an underlying explanation for G6PD deficiency, or other exposures, such as statins, having different associations with cardiovascular disease[4, 16, 17] and diabetes,[10–14] because androgens have different effects on cardiovascular disease[49] and glucose metabolism,[50, 51] as well as potentially representing the evolutionary biology trade-off of survival (here from malaria) against reproductive success consistent with life-history theory. [3]…”

“…[8] G6PD deficiency can also result in hyperbilirubin which could cause brain damage and dysfunction. [9] G6PD deficiency has been reported as associated with a higher risk of diabetes in a large cross-sectional study from Israel using medical records[10] and several small hospital-based case-control studies,[10–14] although not in a small study from Italy. [15] G6PD deficiency has also been associated with lower risk of cardiovascular disease mortality in two cross-sectional studies from Sardinia (Italy),[16, 17] and with lower risk of myocardial infarction in a case-control study,[4] although associations of G6PD deficiency with cardiovascular disease risk factors[18, 19] and all-cause mortality[17, 20] are inconsistent.…”

An Assessment of Frequent Haemolytic Crisis in G6PD Deficiency Subjects Linked with Chronic Disease States in Al Ahsa Community, Saudi Arabia

“…The deficiency is believed to be caused by mutation in the G6PD gene, an X-linked hereditary genetic defect [3] often predominant in males [4]. Reports have shown that about 400 million people are affected worldwide and it is highly polymorphic [5]- [7]. The prevalence of G6PD disorder has been reported in many areas of the world including the Middle East [8] [9].…”