High-frequency direct shoot organogenesis from garlic (Allium sativum L.) inflorescence and clonal fidelity assessment in regenerants

Wen, Yanbin; Liu, Xiaoxue; Liu, Hongjiu; Wu, Cuinan; Meng, Huanwen; Cheng, Zhihui

doi:10.1007/s11240-020-01785-7

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…Satisfactory results of polyploidy induction are also obtained as a result of antimitotic treatment of seedlings containing intensely dividing meristematic tissues for many industrial species ( Trojak-Goluch et al, 2021 ). To establish the polyploidization system, we explored a high-frequency direct shoot organogenesis from garlic inflorescence as explant with active meristematic status, which is more amenable to ploidy alterations and in regeneration of autopolyploid shoots ( Wen et al, 2020 ; Gantait and Mukherjee, 2021 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Efficient and reproducible in vitro regeneration protocols are a prerequisite for efficient in vitro polyploidization systems ( Niazian and Nalousi, 2020 ). We have established high-frequency direct shoot organogenesis protocols from garlic inflorescence in which the scape, sheathing bract, immature bulbils and flower or primordial residue on sterilized inflorescence were removed and the remainder was trimmed into dome shape explants aseptically ( Wen et al, 2020 ). The explants were pre-cultured on shooting medium for 2 days to initiate cell division and facilitate synchronizing the cell cycle to maximize the effect of antimitotic agents ( Touchell et al, 2020 ; Wen et al, 2020 ) and then transferred to shooting medium containing 0, 125, 250, 500, 1,000, or 2,000 mg L –1 colchicine or 0, 15, 30, 60, 120, or 240 μmol L –1 oryzalin for different durations (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, or 30 days).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In vitro Induction and Phenotypic Variations of Autotetraploid Garlic (Allium sativum L.) With Dwarfism

et al. 2022

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Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is a compelling horticultural crop with high culinary and therapeutic values. Commercial garlic varieties are male-sterile and propagated asexually from individual cloves or bulbils. Consequently, its main breeding strategy has been confined to the time-consuming and inefficient selection approach from the existing germplasm. Polyploidy, meanwhile, plays a prominent role in conferring plants various changes in morphological, physiological, and ecological properties. Artificial polyploidy induction has gained pivotal attention to generate new genotype for further crop improvement as a mutational breeding method. In our study, efficient and reliable in vitro induction protocols of autotetraploid garlic were established by applying different antimitotic agents based on high-frequency direct shoot organogenesis initiated from inflorescence explant. The explants were cultured on solid medium containing various concentrations of colchicine or oryzalin for different duration days. Afterward, the ploidy levels of regenerated plantlets with stable and distinguished characters were confirmed by flow cytometry and chromosome counting. The colchicine concentration at 0.2% (w/v) combined with culture duration for 20 days was most efficient (the autotetraploid induction rate was 21.8%) compared to the induction rate of 4.3% using oryzalin at 60 μmol L–1 for 20 days. No polymorphic bands were detected by simple sequence repeat analysis between tetraploid and diploid plantlets. The tetraploids exhibited a stable and remarkable dwarfness effect rarely reported in artificial polyploidization among wide range of phenotypic variations. There are both morphological and cytological changes including extremely reduced plant height, thickening and broadening of leaves, disappearance of pseudostem, density reduction, and augmented width of stomatal. Furthermore, the level of phytohormones, including, indole propionic acid, gibberellin, brassinolide, zeatin, dihydrozeatin, and methyl jasmonate, was significantly lower in tetraploids than those in diploid controls, except indole acetic acid and abscisic acid, which could partly explain the dwarfness in hormonal regulation aspect. Moreover, as the typical secondary metabolites of garlic, organosulfur compounds including allicin, diallyl disulfide, and diallyl trisulfide accumulated a higher content significantly in tetraploids. The obtained dwarf genotype of autotetraploid garlic could bring new perspectives for the artificial polyploids breeding and be implemented as a new germplasm to facilitate investigation into whole-genome doubling consequences.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro Induction and Phenotypic Variations of Autotetraploid Garlic (Allium sativum L.) With Dwarfism

et al. 2022

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“…Previously, the phenomenon of floral reversion from inflorescence explants through callus-mediated organogenesis or somatic embryogenesis was not reported in Limonium. However, organogenesis has been described in other plants, such as garlic (Wen et al, 2020), Taraxacum kok-saghyz (Schuchovski et al, 2020), and…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morpho‐histology of co‐occurrence of somatic embryos, shoots, and inflorescences within a callus of Limonium ‘Misty Blue’

Raha,

Khatua,

Saha

et al. 2024

Physiologia Plantarum

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This is the first attempt to report the co‐occurrence of somatic embryos, shoots, and inflorescences and their sequential development from stem cell niches of an individual callus mass through morpho‐histological study of any angiosperm. In the presence of a proper auxin/cytokinin combination, precambial stem cells from the middle layer of a compact callus, which was derived from the thin cell layer of the inflorescence rachis of Limonium, expressed the highest level of totipotency and pluripotency and simultaneously developed somatic embryos, shoots, and inflorescences. This study also proposed the concept of programmed cell death during bipolar somatic embryo and unipolar shoot bud pattern formation. The unique feature of this research was the stepwise histological description of in vitro racemose inflorescence development. Remarkably, during the initiation of inflorescence development, either a unipolar structure with open vascular elements or an independent bipolar structure with closed vascular elements were observed. The protocol predicted the production of 6.6 ± 0.24 and 7.4 ± 0.24 somatic embryos and shoots, respectively, from 400 mg of callus, which again multiplied, rooted, and acclimatised. The plants' ploidy level and genetic fidelity were assessed randomly before acclimatisation by flow cytometry and inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR) marker analysis. Finally, the survivability and flower quality of the regenerated plants were evaluated in the field.

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“…Garlic is economically important bulbous vegetable crop of family Amaryllidaceaeand probably got origin from Central Asian Countries (Amarakoon and Jayasekara, 2017). The cultivation of garlic introduced to other countries through trade (Santhoshaet al, 2013).Garlic is known as second most important bulbous crop followed by onion (Wen et al, 2020). Garlic is grown in a variety of places, the sunny, dry areas, humid and moderately dry environment (Sayadiet al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen Nutrition Affect the Growth and Bulb Yield of Garlic (Allium Sativum L.)

Kevlani

Leghari

Wahocho

et al. 2023

joarps

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Nitrogen (N) is one of the critical nutrients for productivity and quality of cultivated crop species. However, its overused in crop cultivation caused several environmental concerns. Hence its proper use in agriculture is not only pre-requisite for sustainable crop cultivation but also necessary to control environmental pollution. A field trial was designed at experimental area of Department of Horticulture, Sindh Agriculture university Tando Jam, Pakistanto test the response of garlic varietiesto N nutrition in terms of growth and bulb attributed traits during the winter season, 2020-21. The N effect on growth and yield associated traits of two garlic varieties (local white and purple top) were investigated by applying four Nrates that included 0, 50 kg, 100 kg and 150 kg ha-1. The findings of the trial exhibitedthat N application at various rates had substantial positiveimpact on the growth and bulb development of garlic at (P<0.05). The garlic plantation receivedNat maximum rate (150 kg ha-1) resulted tallest plants,better neck thicknesswith more leaves plant-1. The N also positively affected the bulb yield and other yield parameters of garlic.The maximum bulb yield was obtained when plants were nourished with 150 Kg N ha-1that was 381.98 % more than the control. It was noted that increase inN rates was statistically dominant over other doses. The varietal influence on garlic indicated that variety purple top performed better than local white in terms of yield associated traits..These findings provide new insight regarding the significance of N nutrition in improving the growth and bulb yield of garlic genotypes

show abstract

High-frequency direct shoot organogenesis from garlic (Allium sativum L.) inflorescence and clonal fidelity assessment in regenerants

Cited by 12 publications

References 68 publications

In vitro Induction and Phenotypic Variations of Autotetraploid Garlic (Allium sativum L.) With Dwarfism

In vitro Induction and Phenotypic Variations of Autotetraploid Garlic (Allium sativum L.) With Dwarfism

Morpho‐histology of co‐occurrence of somatic embryos, shoots, and inflorescences within a callus of Limonium ‘Misty Blue’

Nitrogen Nutrition Affect the Growth and Bulb Yield of Garlic (Allium Sativum L.)

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