2018
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.3639
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High-flow Nasal Cannula: Mechanisms of Action and Adult and Pediatric Indications

Abstract: The use of the heated and humidified high-flow nasal cannula has become increasingly popular in the treatment of patients with respiratory failure through all age groups. This article will examine the main mechanisms of actions attributed to the use of the high-flow nasal cannula and review the indications in adult and pediatric populations (outside of the neonatal period). It is unclear which of the mechanisms of action is the most important, but it may depend on the cause of the patient’s respiratory failure… Show more

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Cited by 67 publications
(63 citation statements)
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“…HFNC, as a novel oxygen therapy method, provides high-flow gas at the rate of 8-80 L/min through the air-oxygen mixing device, and the oxygen concentration of these gases can be set to 21%-100% according to the patient's needs, thus theoretically meeting the needs for improved oxygenation [25]. In addition, oxygen therapy using high-flow gas also ensures a high inspiratory flow rate in patients with bronchial asthma as well as stable oxygen delivery [6]. e efficacy of the COT method may be low due to insufficient oxygen content in the air; alternatively, the flow rate may not meet the needs of patients' conditions, and hence the effect of oxygen supply cannot be ensured [32].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…HFNC, as a novel oxygen therapy method, provides high-flow gas at the rate of 8-80 L/min through the air-oxygen mixing device, and the oxygen concentration of these gases can be set to 21%-100% according to the patient's needs, thus theoretically meeting the needs for improved oxygenation [25]. In addition, oxygen therapy using high-flow gas also ensures a high inspiratory flow rate in patients with bronchial asthma as well as stable oxygen delivery [6]. e efficacy of the COT method may be low due to insufficient oxygen content in the air; alternatively, the flow rate may not meet the needs of patients' conditions, and hence the effect of oxygen supply cannot be ensured [32].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Exclusion criteria were as follows: (1) immediate requirement of tracheal intubation; (2) myocardial infarction (cardiothoracic pain with electrocardiogram changes or increased levels of myocardial enzymes); (3) altered consciousness; (4) hemodynamic involvement (noninvasive blood pressure < 90/60 mmHg); (5) pregnancy in women; (6) respiratory rate (RR) > 45 breaths/min; (7) blood pH < 7.30; (8) untreated pneumothorax; (9) end-stage renal disease [estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 15 mL/min per 1.73 m 2 or current dialysis]; (10) contraindications for positive-airway pressure devices; (11) pneumonia.…”
Section: Participantsmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…Indications from the evidence in adults include acute hypoxemic respiratory failure, postextubation support, preoxygenation before intubation or during bronchoscopy, postoperative respiratory failure, and acute pulmonary edema. 17) Many pediatric studies have included patients with acute bronchiolitis. However, other indications have been studied, including asthma, sleep apnea, pneumonia, transport of a critical patient, and postextubation respiratory support.…”
Section: Indications For Hfnc In Childrenmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Bronşiolit dışında, çocuk hastalarda YANKO kullanımını destekleyen sınırlı veri vardır. Sınırlı da olsa yapılan çalışmalarda YANKO tedavisinin astım hastalarında, pnomonili hastalarda, entübasyon gereksiniminin azaltılmasında, ÇYBÜ yatış sıklığının azaltılmasında ve ekstübasyon sonrası dönemde etkili olabildiği gösterilmiştir (10). Yine YANKO üzerine yapılan çalışmalarda bronşiolit hastalığının yanısıra akciğer parankim hastalığı, nöromüskuler veya kardiyak sorunları olan hastaların da başarılı şekilde tedavi edilebildiği gösterilmiştir (11).…”
Section: Introductionunclassified