High-field diffusion tensor imaging characterization of cerebral white matter injury in lipopolysaccharide-exposed fetal sheep

Looij, Yohan van de; Lodygensky, Gregory A.; Dean, Justin M.; Lazeyras, François; Hagberg, Henrik; Kjellmer, Ingemar; Mallard, Carina; Hüppi, Petra Susan; Sizonenko, Stéphane

doi:10.1038/pr.2012.72

Cited by 32 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(64 reference statements)

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“…Recently, we observed reductions in both white matter volume (~21%) and cortical tissue (~18%) when brains were examined 10 days after LPS exposure in fetal sheep [149]. These neuropathological changes were also confirmed by ex vivo magnetic resonance imaging analysis [150]. Importantly, we found that there was loss of the normal maturational increase in cortical electroencephalography amplitude, which correlated with reduced cortical volumes.…”

Section: Role Of Tlrs In Perinatal Brain Damagesupporting

confidence: 72%

Innate Immune Regulation by Toll-Like Receptors in the Brain

Mallard

2012

ISRN Neurology

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The innate immune system plays an important role in cerebral health and disease. In recent years the role of innate immune regulation by toll-like receptors in the brain has been highlighted. In this paper the expression of toll-like receptors and endogenous toll-like receptor ligands in the brain and their role in cerebral ischemia will be discussed. Further, the ability of systemic toll-like receptor ligands to induce cerebral inflammation will be reviewed. Finally, the capacity of toll-like receptors to both increase (sensitization) and decrease (preconditioning/tolerance) the vulnerability of the brain to damage will be disclosed. Studies investigating the role of toll-like receptors in the developing brain will be emphasized.

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Section: Role Of Tlrs In Perinatal Brain Damagesupporting

confidence: 72%

Innate Immune Regulation by Toll-Like Receptors in the Brain

Mallard

2012

ISRN Neurology

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“…The LPS model was used to demonstrate the sensitivity of different PET ligands to neuroinflammation, further validated the use of histological markers that coincide with the PET signal (e.g., Dickens et al, 2014; Dobos et al, 2012; Liraz-Zaltsman et al, 2011). The LPS model has also been applied to other imaging modalities (e.g., Lodygensky et al, 2014; Moshkin et al, 2012; van de Looij et al, 2012), including a small number of human studies (e.g., Harrison et al, 2014; also see review in Schedlowski et al, 2014). Such models could also be used to validate other imaging modalities, although some critics argue that LPS induces much higher levels of microglial activations than are expected in neurodegenerative disorders (Streit et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo imaging of neuroinflammation in schizophrenia

Pasternak

Kubicki

Shenton

2016

Schizophrenia Research

127

119

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In recent years evidence has accumulated to suggest that neuroinflammation might be an early pathology of schizophrenia that later leads to neurodegeneration, yet the exact role in the etiology, as well as the source of neuroinflammation, are still not known. The hypothesis of neuroinflammation involvement in schizophrenia is quickly gaining popularity, and thus it is imperative that we have reliable and reproducible tools and measures that are both sensitive, and, most importantly, specific to neuroinflammation. The development and use of appropriate human in vivo imaging methods can help in our understanding of the location and extent of neuroinflammation in different stages of the disorder, its natural time-course, and its relation to neurodegeneration. Thus far, there is little in vivo evidence derived from neuroimaging methods. This is likely the case because the methods that are specific and sensitive to neuroinflammation are relatively new or only just being developed. This paper provides a methodological review of both existing and emerging positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance imaging techniques that identify and characterize neuroinflammation. We describe how these methods have been used in schizophrenia research. We also outline the shortcomings of existing methods, and we highlight promising future techniques that will likely improve state-of-the-art neuroimaging as a more refined approach for investigating neuroinflammation in schizophrenia.

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“…Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is a powerful tool to probe cerebral white matter through a 3D description of water diffusion in the tissue [25]. Changes in diffusivity values (mean: MD, parallel: D // and orthogonal: D ⊥ ) and/or fractional anisotropy (FA) derived from DTI reveal loss of brain microstructure integrity [26], [27]. 1 H magnetic resonance spectroscopy ( 1 H-MRS) has been used to follow the changes in “neurochemical profile” of the brain during cerebral development [28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Modal Assessment of Long-Term Erythropoietin Treatment after Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Injury in Rat Brain

et al. 2014

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Erythropoietin (EPO) has been recognized as a neuroprotective agent. In animal models of neonatal brain injury, exogenous EPO has been shown to reduce lesion size, improve structure and function. Experimental studies have focused on short course treatment after injury. Timing, dose and length of treatment in preterm brain damage remain to be defined. We have evaluated the effects of high dose and long-term EPO treatment in hypoxic-ischemic (HI) injury in 3 days old (P3) rat pups using histopathology, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and spectroscopy (MRS) as well as functional assessment with somatosensory-evoked potentials (SEP). After HI, rat pups were assessed by MRI for initial damage and were randomized to receive EPO or vehicle. At the end of treatment period (P25) the size of resulting cortical damage and white matter (WM) microstructure integrity were assessed by MRI and cortical metabolism by MRS. Whisker elicited SEP were recorded to evaluate somatosensory function. Brains were collected for neuropathological assessment. The EPO treated animals did not show significant decrease of the HI induced cortical loss at P25. WM microstructure measured by diffusion tensor imaging was improved and SEP response in the injured cortex was recovered in the EPO treated animals compared to vehicle treated animals. In addition, the metabolic profile was less altered in the EPO group. Long-term treatment with high dose EPO after HI injury in the very immature rat brain induced recovery of WM microstructure and connectivity as well as somatosensory cortical function despite no effects on volume of cortical damage. This indicates that long-term high-dose EPO induces recovery of structural and functional connectivity despite persisting gross anatomical cortical alteration resulting from HI.

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High-field diffusion tensor imaging characterization of cerebral white matter injury in lipopolysaccharide-exposed fetal sheep

Cited by 32 publications

References 39 publications

Innate Immune Regulation by Toll-Like Receptors in the Brain

Innate Immune Regulation by Toll-Like Receptors in the Brain

In vivo imaging of neuroinflammation in schizophrenia

Multi-Modal Assessment of Long-Term Erythropoietin Treatment after Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Injury in Rat Brain

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