High-Fidelity Simulations of Fuel Injection and Atomization of a Hybrid Air-Blast Atomizer

Peter, Christine; Esclape, Lucas; Carbajal, Serena; Ihme, Matthias; Buschhagen, Timo; Naik, Sameer V.; Gore, Jay P.; Lucht, Robert P.

doi:10.2514/6.2016-1393

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 9 publications

(6 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The numerical method has been successfully applied to the study of a realistic jet in cross-flow injection 12 and to the pressure-swirl atomizer used in the present combustor. 16…”

Section: Modeling and Numericsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large-Eddy Simulations of Fuel Effect on Gas Turbine Lean Blow-out

Esclapez

Peter

Mayhew

et al. 2017

55th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Towards the implementation of alternative jet fuels in aviation gas turbines, testing in combustor rigs and engines is required to evaluate the fuel performance on combustion stability, relight, and lean-blow out (LBO) characteristics. The objective of this work is to evaluate the effect of different fuel candidates on the operability of gas turbines by comparing a conventional petroleum-based fuel with two other alternative fuel candidates. Numerical investigations are performed to examine the performance of these fuels on the stable condition close to blow-out and LBO-behavior in a referee gas turbine combustor. Large-eddy simulations (LES) are performed at stationary conditions near LBO to examine effects of the fuel properties on evaporation, gaseous-fuel deposition, flame anchoring.

show abstract

“…The numerical method has been successfully applied to the study of a realistic jet in cross-flow injection 12 and to the pressure-swirl atomizer used in the present combustor. 16…”

Section: Modeling and Numericsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large-Eddy Simulations of Fuel Effect on Gas Turbine Lean Blow-out

Esclapez

Peter

Mayhew

et al. 2017

55th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Xiao et al (2014) performed a LES of the same type of configuration with a coupled level set (LS) and volume of fluid (VOF) method (CLSVOF), with a density ratio of 830. Ma et al (2016) performed a LES of a hybrid airblast atomizer with a VOF/Lagrangian spray framework. Müller et al (2017) used OpenFOAM with VOF to investigate the influence of the nozzle design on the breakup of a cylindrical viscous jet.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress in the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics Method to Simulate and Post-process Numerical Simulations of Annular Airblast Atomizers

Chaussonnet

Dauch

Keller

et al. 2020

Flow Turbulence Combust

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper illustrates recent progresses in the development of the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method to simulate and post-process liquid spray generation. The simulation of a generic annular airblast atomizer is presented, in which a liquid sheet is fragmented by two concentric counter swirling air streams. The accent is put on how the SPH method can bridge the gap between the CAD geometry of a nozzle and its characterization, in terms of spray characteristics and dynamics. In addition, the Lagrangian nature of the SPH method allows to extract additional data to give further insight in the spraying process. First, the sequential breakup events can be tracked from one large liquid blob to very fine stable droplets. This is herein called the tree of fragmentation. From this tree of fragmentation, abstract quantities can be drawn such as the breakup activity and the fragmentation spectrum. Second, the Lagrangian coherent structures in the turbulent flow can be determined easily with the finite-time Lyapunov exponent (FTLE). The extraction of the FTLE is particularly feasible in the SPH framework. Finally, it is pointed out that there is no universal and ultimate non-dimensional number that can characterize airblast primary breakup. Depending on the field of interest, a non-dimensional number (e.g. Weber number) might be more appropriate than another one (e.g. momentum flux ratio) to characterize the regime, and vice versa.

show abstract

“…The approval of SAF is arduous. Novel fuels are subjected to up to 4 tiers of testing, 2 research reports, and 3 balloting junctions involving dozens of stakeholders under ASTM D4054. , To help address this, significant efforts have been made via The National Jet Fuels Combustion Program (NJFCP) to lower the barriers of cost and fuel volume for novel SAF approvals and streamline the certification process. − Under the NJFCP, many conventional and alternative fuels were tested, targeting the experiments within the ASTM D4054 process that requires the largest volumes of fuel and greatest overall cost. These high volume and cost tests focus on the upper and lower stability limits, or Figures-of-Merit (FOMs), of a gas turbine combustor under extreme conditions. , …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lean Blowoff in a Toroidal Jet-Stirred Reactor: Implications for Alternative Fuel Approval and Potential Mechanisms for Autoignition and Extinction

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sustainable aviation fuels (SAFs) have been identified as a method to reduce the aviation sector's environmental impact through carbon mitigation. Current certification processes of potential, viable SAFs require labor cost intensive assessments with investigation into combustor performance parameters related to fuel effects such as lean blowoff (LBO) where there exists the competition between multiphase physics and chemical kinetics of the fuel. Recent efforts show LBO effectively scales with the evaporative, mixing, and chemical time scales of a given combustor. Here, a toroidal jet-stirred reactor (TJSR), an experimental configuration meant to emulate perfectly stirred reactor (PSR) studies, is used to study the effects of fuel chemistry physical time scales on LBO while mitigating and minimizing the effects of evaporation mixing, respectively. For this investigation, six fuels/fuel mixtures spanning a range of derived cetane number (DCN) were evaluated in a lean premixed, prevaporized environment with engine relevant characteristics such as recirculation inlet temperature residence times (P = ∼1 atm, T = 460 K, τ = 5.5−6.5 ms). Gas phase emissions sampled within the reactor were measured with a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer to gain insight into relevant trends in species production for varying fuels as leaner conditions were approached. LBO in the TJSR was correlated with the parameters of the DCN and radical index, an indicator of OH production, signifying competition between the chemical processes of autoignition and extinction, respectively; these observations deviate from the established PSR theory for ignition extinction physics. However, the emergence of these correlations in the TJSR experiment support the importance of low temperature chemistry and flame robustness. A physical time scale approach to LBO is applied to the current experiment to elucidate the competition of autoignition and extinction phenomena. Knowledge of the physical LBO time scales and their relationship to chemical fuel properties suggest that the holistic LBO time scale may be viable as a preliminary screening metric for SAF certification.

show abstract

High-Fidelity Simulations of Fuel Injection and Atomization of a Hybrid Air-Blast Atomizer

Cited by 10 publications

References 9 publications

Large-Eddy Simulations of Fuel Effect on Gas Turbine Lean Blow-out

Large-Eddy Simulations of Fuel Effect on Gas Turbine Lean Blow-out

Progress in the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics Method to Simulate and Post-process Numerical Simulations of Annular Airblast Atomizers

Lean Blowoff in a Toroidal Jet-Stirred Reactor: Implications for Alternative Fuel Approval and Potential Mechanisms for Autoignition and Extinction

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About