High-fidelity numerical modeling of the Upper Mississippi River under extreme flood condition

Khosronejad, Ali; Le, Trung Bao; DeWall, Petra; Bartelt, Nicole; Woldeamlak, Solomon; Yang, Xiaolei; Sotiropoulos, Fotis

doi:10.1016/j.advwatres.2016.10.018

Cited by 38 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…In the recent decades, researchers have attempted to simulate the interaction between flow and sediment transport (see, e.g., Wu, Rodi, & Wenka, ; Olsen, ; Ruther & Olsen, ; Roulund, Sumer, Fredsoe, & Michelsen, ; Duc & Rodi, ; Liu & García, ; Apsley & Stansby, ; Khosronejad et al, ). Despite their great contributions to the current state of our knowledge, these studies lack the sophistication required for handling (a) the real‐life morphology of streams with complex geometries and (b) the interaction of the mobile bed and flow of flash flood as its bore moves over the dry bed of a fluvial stream.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fully coupled free‐surface flow and sediment transport modelling of flash floods in a desert stream in the Mojave Desert, California

Khosronejad

Kang

Flora

2019

Hydrological Processes

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For most of the year, a dry‐bed desert wash is void of water flow. Intensive rain events, however, could trigger significant flash floods that bring about highly complicated hydrodynamics and morphodynamics processes within a desert stream. We present a fully coupled three‐phase flow model of air, water, and sediment to simulate numerically the propagation of a flash flood in a field‐scale fluvial desert stream, the so‐called Tex Wash located in the Mojave Desert, California, United States. The turbulent flow of the flash flood is computed using the three‐dimensional unsteady Reynolds‐averaged Navier–Stokes equations closed with the shear stress transport k − ω model. The free surface of the flash flood at the interface of air and water phases is computed with the level‐set method, which enables instantaneous tracking of the water surface as the flash flood propagates over the dry bed of the desert stream. The evolution of the desert fluvial stream's morphology, due to the action of the propagating flash flood on the mobile bed, is calculated using a Eulerian morphodynamics model based on the curvilinear immersed boundary method. The capabilities of the proposed numerical framework are demonstrated by applying it to simulate a flash flood event in a 0.65‐km‐long reach of the Tex Wash, the intricate channel morphology of which is obtained using light imaging detection and ranging technology. The simulated region of the stream includes a number of bridge foundations. The simulation results of the model for the flash flood event revealed the formation of a highly complex flow field and scour patterns within the stream. Moreover, our simulation results showed that most scour processes take place during the steady phase of the flash flood, that is, after the flash flood fills the stream. The transient phase of the flash flood is rather short and contributes to a very limited amount of erosion within the desert stream.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fully coupled free‐surface flow and sediment transport modelling of flash floods in a desert stream in the Mojave Desert, California

Khosronejad

Kang

Flora

2019

Hydrological Processes

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“…All 3D models mentioned above adopted the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes concept. More advanced models such as large-eddy-simulation have also been applied for natural streams by using high-performance computers and airborne Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) measured high-resolution topography (Khosronejad et al, 2016;Le et al, 2019;Khosronejad et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling of streamflow in a 30-kilometer-long reach spanning 5 years using OpenFOAM 5.x

Chen

Bao

Fang

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Abstract. Developing accurate and efficient modeling techniques for streamflow at tens-kilometer spatial scale and multi-year temporal scale is critical for evaluating and predicting the impact of climate- and human-induced discharge variations on river hydrodynamics. However, achieving such a goal is challenging because of limited surveys of streambed hydraulic roughness, uncertain boundary condition specifications, and high computational costs. We demonstrate that accurate and efficient three-dimensional (3D) hydrodynamic modeling of natural rivers at 30-kilometer and 5-year scales is feasible using the following three techniques within OpenFOAM, an open source computational fluid dynamics platform: 1) generating a distributed hydraulic roughness field for the streambed by integrating water stage observation data, a rough wall theory, and a local roughness optimization and adjustment strategy; 2) prescribing the boundary condition for the inflow and outflow by integrating pre-computed results of a one-dimensional (1D) hydraulic model with the 3D model; and 3) reducing computational time using multiple parallel runs constrained by 1D inflow and outflow boundary conditions. Streamflow modeling for a 30-kilometer-long reach in the Columbia River (CR) over 58 months can be achieved in less than six days using 1.1 million CPU hours. The mean error between the modeled and the observed water stages for our simulated CR reach ranges from −16 cm to 9 cm (equivalent to ca. ±7 % relative to the average water depth) at seven locations during most of the years between 2011 and 2019. We can reproduce the velocity distribution measured by the acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP). The correlation coefficients of the depth-averaged velocity between the model and ADCP measurements are in the range between 0.71 and 0.83 at 75 % of the survey cross-sections. With the validated model, we further show that the relative importance of dynamic pressure versus hydrostatic pressure varies with discharge variations and topography heterogeneity. Given the model's high accuracy and computational efficiency, the model framework provides a generic approach to evaluate and predict the impact of climate- and human-induced discharge variations on river hydrodynamics at tens kilometer and decade scales.

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“…Khosronejad, Hansen, and Kozarek (), Khosronejad et al. () used the LES model to simulate the flow and mass transport in a creek with a width of 300 m and a length of 3.2 km on a supercomputer cluster. Until now, LES was still unable to be conducted for a large‐scaled natural river.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using an eddy‐resolving technique to assess the effects of reservoir operation on the bend flow in Yangtze River, China

Wang

Zhou

et al. 2019

Lakes & Reservoirs

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With increasing computing power over the last decade, eddy‐resolving methods in hydraulics engineering have been widely used to investigate the turbulence structure in natural rivers, where accurate field measurements were difficult to conduct and investigate. A detached eddy simulation (DES) model was developed on the basis of the k‐ω‐SST (shear stress transport) eddy‐viscosity model within the framework of an unstructured‐mesh Semi‐implicit Eulerian–Lagrangian Finite Element (SELFE) hydrodynamic model. The DES model was then applied to simulate the bend flow in the upper Yangtze River, and the calculation efficiency was enhanced through parallelized computation to mitigate the high computation costs involved in the DES modelling. The time‐averaged velocity, turbulent intensity and Reynolds stress were compared, using DES modelling and acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) measuring results, indicating good agreement, especially in the near‐bed region. The coupled relationship between the turbulent flow and riverbed terrain was also investigated through extracting and analysing the high‐order statistical variables reflecting the turbulence structure, including non‐hydrostatic pressure, vorticity and helicity, indicating the fluctuated amplitude of non‐hydrostatic pressure can reach to 100 Pa, and the stripe distribution of non‐hydrostatic pressure and vorticity had an orthogonality relation. At the same time, the streamwise velocity at the middle of the HLM bend was found to be decreased at least 0.7 m/s because of unsteady process smoothing and backwater effects attributable to water releases and storage of the reservoirs located upstream and downstream of the HLM bend. The developed unstructured‐mesh DES model will provide a new tool to study turbulent flows in a natural river and assess the effect of reservoir operations on river flows.

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High-fidelity numerical modeling of the Upper Mississippi River under extreme flood condition

Cited by 38 publications

References 43 publications

Fully coupled free‐surface flow and sediment transport modelling of flash floods in a desert stream in the Mojave Desert, California

Fully coupled free‐surface flow and sediment transport modelling of flash floods in a desert stream in the Mojave Desert, California

Modeling of streamflow in a 30-kilometer-long reach spanning 5 years using OpenFOAM 5.x

Using an eddy‐resolving technique to assess the effects of reservoir operation on the bend flow in Yangtze River, China

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