High Fat Rations for Dairy Cows. Effects on Feed Intake, Milk and Fat Production, and Plasma Metabolites

Palmquist, D.L.; Conrad, H.R.

doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(78)83667-4

Cited by 207 publications

(144 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Replacement of barley with URS or GRS improved (P < 0.05) ether extract digestibility, an effect also found by Palmqvist and Conrad (1978), Smith et al (1981) and van der Honig et al (1981) with various types of added fats. In contrast, Murphy et al (1984) reported lower total fatty acid digestibility with increasing levels of rapeseed in the diet.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 52%

“…Fats have been reported to inhibit the fermentation, particularly of crude fibre (Palmqvist and Jenkins 1980), which leads to reduced intake of roughages (Kowalczyk et al 1977). There is a change in the acetate/propionate ratio (Palmqvist andJenkins 1980, Igwuegbu andSutton 1982) and hydrogenation of polyunsaturated fatty acids decreases JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE IN FINLAND methanogenesis in the rumen because of the competition from hydrogen (Czerkawski and Clapperton 1984). Kowalczyk et al (1977) reported decreased ammonia concentration in the rumen with successive tallow increments.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of full-fat rapeseed on digestibility and rumen fermentation in cattle

Huhtanen

Poutiainen

1985

AFSci

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The effect of whole crushed rapeseed on ration digestibility was determined with three bulls, average live weight 155 kg, and the effect on rumen fermentation with a heifer fitted with a rumen fistula. The basal diet (B) contained 50 % of grass silage and 50 % of rolled barley of total DM. In experimental diets 30 % of barley was replaced with crushed rapeseed fed either untreated (URS) or treated with 1.2% of Gasol solution (GRS). The feeding level was 80 g DM/kg W0.75 for the bulls and 60 g DM/kg W0.75 for the heifer. The average digestibilities of the diets were 73.9 (B), 71.6 (URS) and 72.7 % (GRS) for organic matter. There were no significant differences in apparent digestibility of crude protein or crude fibre. The digestibility of ether extract was higher (P < 0.05) and that of NFE lower (P < 0.01) on rapeseed diets. Nitrogen retentions were 28.4, 30.9 and 33.7 g/d, respectively, for the three treatments. On rapeseed diets the rumen pH was higher (P < 0.05) and the total VFA and ammonia N concentration lower (P < 0.01, P < 0.05) than on control diet. Rapeseed increased the proportion of propionic acid (P < 0.01) and decreased the proportion of butyric acid (P < 0.01) in rumen VFA. The rate of degradation of DM and CP in the rumen was slower for Gasol-treated rapeseed than for untreated rapeseed. Rapeseeds did not have a negative effect on the rate of degradation of silage or hay in the rumen determined by nylon bag method. But replacement of barley with rapeseed tended to decrease the degradation rate of silage crude protein. There were no significant differences between the treatments in blood constituents.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 52%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of full-fat rapeseed on digestibility and rumen fermentation in cattle

Huhtanen

Poutiainen

1985

AFSci

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“…This study also indicates that on the high-fat diets, daily fatty acid intake exceeded the animal's ability to absorb dietary lipid. These results are in agreement with Palmquist and Conrad (1978) and Doreau and Farley (1994).…”

Section: Trial Twosupporting

confidence: 83%

Effects of processing and fat content of coarse canola screenings on voluntary intake and total tract nutrient digestibility of beef steers

Pylot¹,

McKinnon²,

Mustafa³

et al. 2000

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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. 2000. Effects of processing and fat content of coarse canola screenings on voluntary intake and total tract nutrient digestibility of beef steers. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 80: 153-159. The effects of feeding canola screenings on voluntary intake (VI) and nutrient digestibility by growing steers were determined in two experiments. Twelve steers were involved in the first experiment to study the effects of processing (grinding and pelleting) of canola screenings on VI and apparent total tract dry matter digestibility (DMD), crude protein digestibility (CPD), fatty acid digestibility (FAD), neutral detergent fiber digestibility (NDFD), and acid detergent fiber digestibility (ADFD). In the second experiment, the effects of fat level from canola screenings on VI and total tract nutrient digestibilities were determined using 12 steers. The fat levels tested were 67, 100, 128, and 162 g kg -1 ether extract (EE). Feeding processed canola screenings (176 g kg -1 EE) reduced (P < 0.05) VI by 31% and improved (P < 0.05) DMD, CPD, and FAD by 18, 19, and 28%, respectively. Processing of canola screenings reduced (P < 0.05) ADFD by 15% with no effect on NDFD. Increasing dietary fat level from 67 to 162 g kg -1 reduced VI in a quadratic manner (P < 0.05) and improved NDFD in a linear (P < 0.05) fashion. However, DMD, CPD, and ADFD were not affected by fat level in the diet. Total tract digestibility of fatty acids decreased linearly (P < 0.05) from 822 to 640 g kg -1 with increasing dietary fat level. The results of the study indicate that dietary fat from canola screenings at levels up to 100 g kg -1 can be fed to growing steers without detrimental effects on feed intake. La distribution des criblures conditionnées (176 g kg -1 EE) causait une réduction de 31 % (P < 0,05) de IL et des améliorations respectives (P < 0,05) de 18, 19 et 28 % pour DMS, DPD et DAG. DFDA subissait une baisse de 15 % (P < 0,05), mais DFDN ne montrait aucun changement important. Le passage de la teneur en m.g. des criblures de 67 à 162 g kg -1 se traduisait par une diminution en fonction quadratique (P < 0,05) de IL et par une amélioration en fonction linéaire (P < 0,05) de DFDN. Les valeurs DMS, DPB et DFDA demeuraient indifférentes au niveau de m.g. de la ration. La digestibilité intégrale des acides gras tombait (P < 0,05) de 822 à 600 g kg -1 en fonction linéaire de l'accroissement du niveau de m.s. Les bouvillons en croissance paraissent donc pouvoir tolérer sans effets négatifs sur l'ingéré, des criblures de canola ne contenant pas plus de 100 m.g. par kilo. Mots clés:Criblures de colza canola, graisse, ingéré alimentaire, valorisation des nutriments, bouvillons Increased world demand for canola seed and oil in the last decade has resulted in close to a doubling in size of the Canadian canola industry. As a result, domestic processing of canola has increased tonnage of by-products, such as canola screenings. Tait et al. (1986) reported that canola screenings contained on a DM basis 196 g kg -1 CP, 225 g kg -1 EE and 280 g kg -1 ADF. These relativel...

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“…Trabalhos com inclusão de caroço de algodão em níveis inferiores a 7% de extrato etéreo comprovam que não ocorre diminuição da digestibilidade do FDN (Smith et al 1981;Luginbuhl et al, 2000;Fernandes et al, 2002). Em experimento em que o teor de extrato etéreo alcançou valores próximos ou superiores a 7%, houve diminuição significativa da digestibilidade da FDN, como observado por Pena et al (1986), Teixeira & Borges (2005) e Coppock et al (1987) em pesquisa com caroço de algodão em níveis superiores a 24%.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…Alguns estudos não comprovaram aumentos na produção de leite corrigida quando utilizado caroço de algodão (Palmquist & Conrad, 1978;Villela et al, 1996). No entanto, quando o caroço de algodão foi incluído em níveis moderados, dependendo do alimento substituído, houve aumento no teor de gordura ou na produção diária de gordura diária e na produção de leite corrigida (Smith et al, 1981;Coppock et al, 1987;Fernandes et al, 2002;de Melo et al, 2006).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Comportamento ingestivo, consumo e digestibilidade de nutrientes, produção e composição do leite de vacas alimentadas com silagem de milho ou cana-de-açúcar com caroço de algodão

et al. 2009

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RESUMO -Doze vacas foram distribuídas em três quadrados latinos 4 × 4 com o objetivo de avaliar o consumo e a digestibilidade aparente dos nutrientes, a produção e a composição do leite e o comportamento ingestivo. Os tratamentos consistiram de silagem de milho ou cana-de-açúcar contendo 0, 7 ou 14% de caroço de algodão. Na relação volumoso:concentrado estabelecida, 60:40, o tratamento silagem de milho foi superior na maioria dos parâmetros avaliados, como consumo de MS (20,8 kg/dia), produção de leite e leite corrigida para gordura (25,0 e 27,0 kg/dia) e produções diárias de gordura e proteína (984 e 772 g/dia). O tratamento cana-de-açúcar com 7% de caroço de algodão aumentou o consumo de MS (17,1 vs 15,5 kg/dia) e tanto o tratamento cana-de-açúcar com 7% quanto com 14% promoveram aumentos nos consumos de extrato etéreo (0,41 e 0,59 vs 0,24 kg/dia), carboidratos não-fibrosos (7,4 e 7,3 vs 6,7 kg/dia) e NDT (11,6 e 11,9 vs 10,4 kg/dia) em comparação à cana-de-açúcar sem caroço de algodão. Os maiores consumos de nutrientes propiciaram aumentos na produção de leite (19,7 e 20,6 vs 18,6 kg/dia), de leite corrigida para gordura (21,1 e 21,6 vs 18,9 kg/dia) e nas produções diárias de gordura (771 e 781 vs 664 g/dia) e proteína (602 e 625 vs 565 g/dia) pelos dois níveis de inclusão em comparação ao tratamento sem caroço de algodão, respectivamente. O tratamento com 14% de caroço algodão apresentou variação de peso negativa (-0,22 kg/dia), maior tempo em ruminação que o tratamento cana-de-açúcar sem caroço de algodão e tendênica de menores consumos de MS e nutrientes em relação à cana-de-açúcar com 7% de caroço de algodão. Considerando os resultados obtidos nesta pesquisa, o uso e a indicação de dietas com maiores teores de caroço de algodão devem ser analisados com cautela.Palavras-chave: eficiência de alimentação, eficiência de ruminação, línter, mastigação Feeding behavior, feed intake and digestibility, milk composition and production of cows fed maize silage or sugarcane with whole cottonseed ABSTRACT -Twelve cows were allotted to three 4 × 4 latin squares to evaluate intake and apparent digestibility of nutrients, milk composition and production and feeding behavior. The treatments consisted of maize silage or sugarcane with 0, 7 or 14% of whole cottonseed. In the established forage:concentrate ratio of 60:40, the corn silage treatment was superior for most of parameters evaluated including dry matter intake (20.8 kg/d), milk and fat corrected milk production (25.0 and 27.0 kg/d) and daily production of fat and protein (984 and 772 g/d). Sugarcane with 7% of whole cottonseed treatment increased DM intake (17.1 vs. 15.5 kg/d) and sugarcane treatments with both 7% and 14% increased the intakes of ether extract (0.41 and 0.59 vs 0.24 kg/dia), non fibrous carbohydrate (7.4 and 7.3 vs 6.7 kg/d) and NDT (11.6 and 11.9 vs 10.4 kg/d) compared to sugarcane without whole cottonseed treatment. The higher intake of nutrients resulted in increases in milk production (19.7 and 20.6 vs 18.6 kg/d), fat corrected milk producti...

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High Fat Rations for Dairy Cows. Effects on Feed Intake, Milk and Fat Production, and Plasma Metabolites

Cited by 207 publications

References 31 publications

Effect of full-fat rapeseed on digestibility and rumen fermentation in cattle

Effect of full-fat rapeseed on digestibility and rumen fermentation in cattle

Effects of processing and fat content of coarse canola screenings on voluntary intake and total tract nutrient digestibility of beef steers

Comportamento ingestivo, consumo e digestibilidade de nutrientes, produção e composição do leite de vacas alimentadas com silagem de milho ou cana-de-açúcar com caroço de algodão

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