High-fat diet-induced obesity and impairment of brain neurotransmitter pool

Labban, Ranyah Shaker M.; Alfawaz, Hanan; Almnaizel, Ahmed T; Hassan, Wail M.; Bhat, Ramesa Shafi; Moubayed, Nadine; Bjørklund, Geir; El‐Ansary, Afaf

doi:10.1515/tnsci-2020-0099

Cited by 39 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 61 publications

(65 reference statements)

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“…The results indicated that the 5-HT levels of college students played a partial mediating role between over-weight/obesity and EC. First, overweight/obesity probably result in lower 5-HT levels [ 26 ] and, thus diminished the core subcortical/cortical region activity such as amygdala and medial prefrontal cortex, and reduce the activity of the underlying neural networks, which might impair the performance of EC [ 62 , 63 , 64 ]. Second, high 5-HT levels can exert direct effects on their receptors within the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus, and improve performance of EC at least in part via those mechanisms [ 65 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was additionally found that overweight/obesity can reduce 5-HT production. The disruption of the energy balance due to excess caloric intake and reduced energy consumption cause onset of metabolic disorders, leading to decreased 5-HT levels [ 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 ]. At the same time, many scholars use functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) technology to show the acute influence that the drug regulating the 5-HT system has on brain activation in the process of individual participation in EC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Relationship between Overweight/Obesity and Executive Control in College Students: The Mediating Effect of BDNF and 5-HT

Zhang

Zhu

et al. 2021

Life

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The main aim of this study was to explore the association between overweight/obesity and executive control (EC) in young adults, and to further analyze the mediating effect of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)) on the relationship between overweight/obesity and EC. A total of 449 college students aged between 18 and 20 years were recruited for the study between March and December 2019. Their height and weight were then measured professionally. Subsequently, body mass index (BMI) was calculated as weight (kg) divided by the square of height (m). The EC of the participants was then estimated using the Flanker task, while their serum BDNF levels and 5-HT levels were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. Finally, the multiple intermediary models in SPSS were used to analyze the mediating effect of 5-HT and BDNF between overweight/obesity and EC. The result show that the overweight/obesity of college students was positively correlated with the response of EC (p ≤ 0.005). However, it was negatively correlated with BDNF (p ≤ 0.05) and 5-HT (p ≤ 0.05). Moreover, BDNF (p ≤ 0.001) and 5-HT (p ≤ 0.001) were negatively correlated with the response of EC. The BDNF level played a partial mediating role between overweight/obesity and EC that accounted for 7.30% of the total effect value. Similarly, the 5-HT of college students played a partial mediating role between overweight/obesity and EC that accounted for 8.76% of the total effect value. Gender and age had no regulatory effect on the relationship between overweight/obesity, BDNF, 5-HT, and EC. This study provides the evidence that 5-HT and BDNF mediated the association between overweight/obesity and executive control. It is indicated that 5-HT and BDNF might be the biological pathways underpinning the link between overweight/obesity and executive control.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship between Overweight/Obesity and Executive Control in College Students: The Mediating Effect of BDNF and 5-HT

Zhang

Zhu

et al. 2021

Life

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“…However, it is probably one of the reasons responsible for the high weight gained by the group fed margarine and canola. There is close relationship between the percentage of fat in canola and margarine but no relationship existed between the percentage of fat in canola and the control and the percentage of fat in margarine and control [9].…”

Section: Sample Codementioning

confidence: 85%

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2023

OAJMB

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The study investigated the effect of feeding high and low saturated fatty acid based diets to feed female albino rats (Rattus norvegicus) with a view to evaluating the effects of the fatty diets on the feeding patterns, weight and body composition of the rats. Seven months old female Rattus norvegicus were used for the experiment. The weights of the rats were taken for twelve weeks using Salter balance (Model 250). Four experimental diets were formulated which were made up of 2.5 and 5.0 g of margarine (blue band), 2.5and 5.0 g canola oil each mixed with the basal diet. The control diet was grower feed and the resultant experimental diets were fed to the experimental rats kept in cages at the rate of 12 rats per cage. The rats were fed with the diets at the rate of 3% of body weight for a period of twelve weeks. The highest weight gain was recorded in the group fed with 5.0 g margarine, followed by 5.0 g canola, 2.5 g margarine, 2.5 g canola and least in the rats fed the control. The mean weight gain of the rats fed with 5.0 g margarine and 5.0 g canola were significantly different (p<0.05) from the mean weight of 2.5 g margarine, 2.5 g canola and the control. The food intake of the rats fed 5.0 g margarine and 5.0 g canola was also significantly different (p<0.05) from the food intake of rats fed 2.5 g margarine, 2.5 g canola and the control. The proximate composition of the carcass of the rats fed the different experimental diets showed that fat content of the rats fed 5.0 g margarine was higher than in the rats fed the other diets. The histology of the liver of rats fed 5.0 g margarine and 5.0 g canola showed greater fat accumulation in the rat's liver compared to rats fed 2.5 g margarine, 2.5 g canola as well as the control. Rats with the highest body weight gain were considered obesity-prone; those with the lowest body weight were regarded as obesity-resistant while others were considered intermediate. The study concluded that the kind of fat consumed contributes to the weight gained by the rats.

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“…Dopamine (DA) is well known to mediate immune responses in the periphery through its receptors expressed in immune cells (Arreola et al, 2016 ). High levels of brain DA and altered amounts of other neurotransmitters have been detected in obese animals compared to those in the lean group along with an increase in inflammatory mediators and oxidative markers (Labban et al, 2020 ). TFP has been reported to inhibit cytokine release from LPS-stimulated macrophages and dendritic cells and acts as a potential anti-sepsis drug (Park et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibitory Effects of Trifluoperazine on Peripheral Proinflammatory Cytokine Expression and Hypothalamic Microglia Activation in Obese Mice Induced by Chronic Feeding With High-Fat-Diet

Huang

Chen

et al. 2021

Front. Cell. Neurosci.

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Microglia and astrocytes are the glial cells of the central nervous system (CNS) to support neurodevelopment and neuronal function. Yet, their activation in association with CNS inflammation is involved in the initiation and progression of neurological disorders. Mild inflammation in the periphery and glial activation called as gliosis in the hypothalamic region, arcuate nucleus (ARC), are generally observed in obese individuals and animal models. Thus, reduction in peripheral and central inflammation is considered as a strategy to lessen the abnormality of obesity-associated metabolic indices. In this study, we reported that acute peripheral challenge by inflammagen lipopolysaccharide (LPS) upregulated the expression of hypothalamic dopamine type 2 receptor (D2R) mRNA, and chronic feeding by high-fat-diet (HFD) significantly caused increased levels of D2R in the ARC. The in vitro and in vivo studies indicated that an FDA-approved antipsychotic drug named trifluoperazine (TFP), a D2R inhibitor was able to suppress LPS-stimulated activation of microglia and effectively inhibited LPS-induced peripheral inflammation, as well as hypothalamic inflammation. Further findings showed daily peripheral administration intraperitoneally (i.p.) by TFP for 4 weeks was able to reduce the levels of plasma tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in accompany with lower levels of plasma glucose and insulin in obese mice receiving HFD for 16 weeks when compared those in obese mice without TFP treatment. In parallel, the activation of microglia and astrocytes in the ARC was also inhibited by peripheral administration by TFP. According to our results, TFP has the ability to suppress HFD-induced ARC gliosis and inflammation in the hypothalamus.

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High-fat diet-induced obesity and impairment of brain neurotransmitter pool

Cited by 39 publications

References 61 publications

The Relationship between Overweight/Obesity and Executive Control in College Students: The Mediating Effect of BDNF and 5-HT

The Relationship between Overweight/Obesity and Executive Control in College Students: The Mediating Effect of BDNF and 5-HT

Untitled

Inhibitory Effects of Trifluoperazine on Peripheral Proinflammatory Cytokine Expression and Hypothalamic Microglia Activation in Obese Mice Induced by Chronic Feeding With High-Fat-Diet

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