High-Fat Diet Increases Fat Oxidation and Promotes Skeletal Muscle Fatty Acid Transporter Expression in Exercise-Trained Mice

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a high-fat diet (HFD) on energy substrate utilization during long-term endurance exercise in mice. Male ICR mice (n = 32; 6 weeks old) were divided into two groups: low-fat diet (LFD, n = 16) and HFD (n = 16) and acclimatized to LFD or HFD feeding over 12 weeks. After 12 weeks, the two dietary groups were each divided into two groups with or without exercise (EX): LF-CON, LF-EX, HF-CON, and HF-EX groups. The exercise groups were trained to run on a treadmill for 12 weeks. At the end of the experimental protocol, energy metabolism in the whole body was measured at rest for 24 h and during exercise for 1 h using respiratory gas analysis. Furthermore, molecules involved in skeletal muscle fat metabolism were analyzed. Substrate utilization for energy metabolism in the whole body indicated that fat utilization was high in HFD intake. Notably, when HFD intake and exercise were combined, fat utilization was markedly increased during endurance exercise. In contrast, exercise showed no effect when combined with LFD intake. The gene expressions of Fat/Cd36, Fatp1, Fabp-pm, and Cpt1 were upregulated by HFD intake, with Fat/Cd36 and Cpt1 considerably elevated during long-term endurance exercise. In contrast, exercise showed no effect when combined with LFD intake. These results suggest that HFD intake effectively increased fat utilization as an energy substrate during long-term endurance exercise.KEYWORDS: endurance exercise fat oxidation fatty acid transporter high-fat diet skeletal muscle *These authors contributed equally to this work.

GPAT Gene Silencing in Muscle Reduces Diacylglycerols Content and Improves Insulin Action in Diet-Induced Insulin Resistance

“…In our study, in the HFD (+GPAT) muscle, the content of FA transporters CD36 and FABPpm significantly increased, as compared to the control, and, in the muscles with HFD (-GPAT) , we observed a decrease in the level of all examined FA transporters compared to muscles with HFD (+GPAT) . The increased content of FA transporters in the skeletal muscles of HFD-fed or obese mice was also previously repeatedly presented by other researchers [ 27 , 28 , 29 ]. GPAT is an enzyme that participates in the synthesis of DAG and, because DAG is an intermediate in de novo TAG synthesis, GPAT also participates in the synthesis of TAG.…”

Serine Palmitoyltransferase Gene Silencing Prevents Ceramide Accumulation and Insulin Resistance in Muscles in Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet

“…In the studies conducted here, we also found that the elevated plasma FFA concentration was accompanied by an increase in the level of the proteins CD36, FATP1 and FABPpm involved in the transport of fatty acids in skeletal muscles. The same results were obtained by Yun et al [ 46 ] and other researchers [ 47 , 48 , 49 ]. They confirmed the effect of a HFD on an increase of fatty acid transporter expression.…”

Dysregulation of metabolic pathways by carnitine palmitoyl-transferase 1 plays a key role in central nervous system disorders: experimental evidence based on animal models

“…High-fat diet (HFD) is associated with increased disease severity of both MS and EAE by changes in metabolism, inflammation and oxidative stress 26 . Specifically HFD has been found to upregulate CPT1A lipid metabolism 29 . Therefore, we investigated the effect of HFD in the EAE model using female Cpt1a and WT mice (Fig.…”