High‐Fat Diet Enriched with Bilberry Modifies Colonic Mucus Dynamics and Restores Marked Alterations of Gut Microbiome in Rats

Liu, Hao-Yu; Waldén, Tomas B.; Ahl, David; Nyman, Margareta; Bertilsson, Stefan; Phillipson, Mia; Holm, Lena

doi:10.1002/mnfr.201900117

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Consumption of the high-fat diet ad libitum resulted in vastly different mucosal and faecal microbiota community structures (Fig. 2) and compositions (Table S2) compared to the NC group, this was consistent with previous reports on alterations in the gut microbiota upon consumption of a high-fat diet [24,37,38]. While fasting did not reverse all high-fat diet-induced modifications, it changed the abundance of specific gut bacteria, including ASVs in the families Christensenellaceae, Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae, which have been previously linked with the intake of a high-fat diet and obesity in mice [24,38].…”

Section: Fasting Induced Diet-specific Changes In the Mucosal And Fae...supporting

confidence: 92%

Intermittent fasting has a diet-specific impact on the gut microbiota and colonic mucin O-glycosylation of mice

Gamage

Sathili

Nishtala³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The colonic mucus layer and microbiota adhered to it are vital for mediating host metabolic, immune, and gut health. Yet, how intermittent fasting impacts these microbial communities and O-glycosylation of mucin proteins, the predominant component of the colonic mucus layer, remains largely unexplored. Here, using a C57BL/6J mouse model fed either a high-fat diet or normal chow, we examined the impact of a two-day a week fasting regimen on host physiology, faecal and colonic mucosal microbiota, and mucin O-glycosylation. Our results demonstrated distinct diet-specific impacts of intermittent fasting on host physiology; mice fed the high-fat diet had a lower body weight and improved glucose tolerance upon fasting, whilst there were no significant changes in mice fed the normal chow. This was observed despite the similar feed and energy intake between groups with and without fasting. There were significant changes in the faecal and colonic mucosal microbiota community structure and composition, and mucin O-glycosylation upon fasting in both dietary groups, but the specific nature of these alterations was diet-dependent. Correlation analysis revealed significant associations between fasting-mediated changes in the abundance of specific mucosal bacteria and O-glycan structures. While intermittent fasting is a popular means of extending healthy life expectancy, there is a lack of information on its impacts on the mucosal microbiota and colonic mucus layer, which are key determinants of gut health. Our study addresses this knowledge gap and serves as the first report on how intermittent fasting influences colonic mucin O-glycosylation and the associations between mucosal glycans and bacteria.

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Section: Fasting Induced Diet-specific Changes In the Mucosal And Fae...supporting

confidence: 92%

Intermittent fasting has a diet-specific impact on the gut microbiota and colonic mucin O-glycosylation of mice

Gamage

Sathili

Nishtala³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…Several studies have reported that HFD can disrupt the intestinal barrier function by decreasing the number of colonic epithelial cells and goblet cells and increasing the infiltration of inflammatory cells, which triggers intestinal oxidative stress. [ 38‐40 ] In this study, the histological analysis revealed that the MG group exhibited a decrease in the number of colonic epithelial cells with concomitant infiltration of the white inflammatory cells. The supplementation of Vc or LCP can repair the colonic epithelium.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Lonicera caerulea L. Polyphenols Alleviate Oxidative Stress‐Induced Intestinal Environment Imbalance and Lipopolysaccharide‐Induced Liver Injury in HFD‐Fed Rats by Regulating the Nrf2/HO‐1/NQO1 and MAPK Pathways

Cheng

Sun

et al. 2020

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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Scope: This study investigates the modulatory effects of Lonicera caerulea L. polyphenols (LCPs) on the intestinal environment and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced liver injury via the nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1)/NQO1 and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways in a rat model of oxidative stress damage (OSD). Methods and results: To examine the prebiotic properties of LCP, a model of high-fat-diet-induced OSD is established using Sprague Dawley rats. In the colon, treatment with LCP for 8 weeks ameliorates enhanced intestinal permeability (glucagon-like peptide-2 content and occludin protein increase, whereas claudin-2 protein decreases), intestinal inflammation (levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-, interleukin-6, cyclooxygenase-2, and nuclear factor kappa-B p65 (NF-B p65), decrease), and intestinal OSD (through regulation of the Nrf2/HO-1/NQO1 pathway). Moreover, LCP alleviates LPS-induced liver injury by suppressing the nuclear translocation of NF-B p65 and activation of the MAPK signaling pathway. Additionally, Bacilli, Lactobacillales, Lactobacillaceae, Lactobacillus, Akkermansia, Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Rothia, and Blautia are found to be the key intestinal microbial taxa related to intestinal OSD and LPS-induced liver injury in rats. Conclusion: LCP treatment potentially modulates the intestinal environment and alleviates liver injury by suppressing oxidative-stress-related pathways and altering the composition of the intestinal microbiota.

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“…These direct effects of bilberry anthocyanins may well contribute to the effects observed in the current study. In addition, bilberry polyphenols may alter the gut microbiome and thus secondarily influence the response to obesity-inducing diets [ 32 , 56 , 57 , 58 ]. Further studies are needed to understand the effective constituents of bilberry and their detailed mechanisms of action.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dried Bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) Alleviates the Inflammation and Adverse Metabolic Effects Caused by a High-Fat Diet in a Mouse Model of Obesity

Pemmari

Hämäläinen

Ryyti

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Obesity is an increasing problem worldwide. It is often associated with co-morbidities such as type II diabetes, atherosclerotic diseases, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. The risk of these diseases can be lowered by relieving the systemic low-grade inflammation associated with obesity, even without noticeable weight loss. Bilberry is an anthocyanin-rich wild berry with known antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. In the present study, a high-fat-diet-induced mouse model of obesity was used to investigate the effects of air-dried bilberry powder on weight gain, systemic inflammation, lipid and glucose metabolism, and changes in the gene expression in adipose and hepatic tissues. The bilberry supplementation was unable to modify the weight gain, but it prevented the increase in the hepatic injury marker ALT and many inflammatory factors like SAA, MCP1, and CXCL14 induced by the high-fat diet. The bilberry supplementation also partially prevented the increase in serum cholesterol, glucose, and insulin levels. In conclusion, the bilberry supplementation alleviated the systemic and hepatic inflammation and retarded the development of unwanted changes in the lipid and glucose metabolism induced by the high-fat diet. Thus, the bilberry supplementation seemed to support to retain a healthier metabolic phenotype during developing obesity, and that effect might have been contributed to by bilberry anthocyanins.

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High‐Fat Diet Enriched with Bilberry Modifies Colonic Mucus Dynamics and Restores Marked Alterations of Gut Microbiome in Rats

Cited by 16 publications

References 47 publications

Intermittent fasting has a diet-specific impact on the gut microbiota and colonic mucin O-glycosylation of mice

Intermittent fasting has a diet-specific impact on the gut microbiota and colonic mucin O-glycosylation of mice

Lonicera caerulea L. Polyphenols Alleviate Oxidative Stress‐Induced Intestinal Environment Imbalance and Lipopolysaccharide‐Induced Liver Injury in HFD‐Fed Rats by Regulating the Nrf2/HO‐1/NQO1 and MAPK Pathways

Dried Bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) Alleviates the Inflammation and Adverse Metabolic Effects Caused by a High-Fat Diet in a Mouse Model of Obesity

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