High-fat diet disrupts metabolism in two generations of rats in a parent-of-origin specific manner

Chambers, Thomas K.; Morgan, Michael D.; Heger, Andreas; Sharpe, Richard M.; Drake, Amanda J.

doi:10.1038/srep31857

Cited by 43 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 48 publications

(70 reference statements)

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“…One previous study of ICR mice found that maternal WD decreased circulating adiponectin concentrations in adult offspring [15], but we did not observe such an effect. Circulating adiponectin concentration is expected to be strongly negatively related to body fat [e.g., 61,62], which, as noted in the previous paragraph, was not affected by maternal WD after 6 days of adult wheel access.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…Offspring of dams receiving a high-fat diet may have higher corticosterone levels as adults [14]. Maternal high-fat diets may also lead to increased adult leptin [9,15,16] and decreased adiponectin [15]. Maternal overnutrition during this stage has also been reported to alter neurobiological processes, including dietary preferences, reward signaling, learning, and memory [e.g., 17–20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Maternal exposure to Western diet affects adult body composition and voluntary wheel running in a genotype-specific manner in mice

Hiramatsu

Kay

Thompson

et al. 2017

Physiology & Behavior

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Some human diseases, including obesity, Type II diabetes, and numerous cancers, are thought to be influenced by environments experienced in early life, including in utero. Maternal diet during the perinatal period may be especially important for adult offspring energy balance, potentially affecting both body composition and physical activity. This effect may be mediated by the genetic background of individuals, including, for example, potential “protective” mechanisms for individuals with inherently high levels of physical activity or high basal metabolic rates. To examine some of the genetic and environmental factors that influence adult activity levels, we used an ongoing selection experiment with 4 replicate lines of mice bred for high voluntary wheel running (HR) and 4 replicate, non-selected control lines (C). Dams (half HR and half C) were fed a “Western” diet (WD, high in fat and sucrose) or a standard diet (SD) from 2 weeks prior to mating until their pups could feed on solid food (14 days of age). We analyzed dam and litter characteristics from birth to weaning, and offspring mass and physical activity. One male offspring from each litter received additional metabolic and behavioral tests. Maternal WD caused pups to eat solid food significantly earlier for C litters, but not for HR litters (interaction of maternal environment and genotype). With dam mass as a covariate, mean pup mass was increased by maternal WD but litter size was unaffected. HR dams had larger litters and tended to have smaller pups than C dams. Home-cage activity of juvenile focal males was increased by maternal WD. Juvenile lean mass, fat mass, and fat percent were also increased by maternal WD, but food consumption (with body mass as a covariate) was unaffected (measured only for focal males). Behavior in an elevated plus maze, often used to indicate anxiety, was unaffected by maternal WD. Maximal aerobic capacity (VO2max) was also unaffected by maternal WD, but HR had higher VO2max than C mice. Adult lean, fat, and total body masses were significantly increased by maternal WD, with greater increase for fat than for lean mass. Overall, no aspect of adult wheel running (total distance, duration, average running speed, maximum speed) or home-cage activity was statistically affected by maternal WD. However, analysis of the 8 individual lines revealed that maternal WD significantly increased wheel running in one of the 4 HR lines. On average, all groups lost fat mass after 6 days of voluntary wheel running, but the absolute amount lost was greater for mice with maternal WD resulting in no effect of maternal WD on absolute or % body fat after wheel access. All groups gained lean and total body mass during wheel access, regardless of maternal WD or linetype. Measured after wheel access, circulating leptin, adiponectin, and corticosterone concentrations were unaffected by maternal WD and did not differ between HR and C mice. With body mass as a covariate, heart ventricle mass was increased by maternal WD in both HR and C mice, but fat pad...

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal exposure to Western diet affects adult body composition and voluntary wheel running in a genotype-specific manner in mice

Hiramatsu

Kay

Thompson

et al. 2017

Physiology & Behavior

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“…Specifically, nutritional status (both over- and undernutrition), insulin resistance, exercise, chemical exposure, and behavior in the parent before and during pregnancy can all affect both paternal and offspring health (Anderson et al, 2006; Anway et al, 2006; Chambers et al, 2016; Hanafi et al, 2016; Isganaitis et al, 2014; Jimenez-Chillaron et al, 2009; Murashov et al, 2016; Rodgers et al, 2013; Rodgers et al, 2015; Skinner et al, 2010; Stanford et al, 2015). …”

Section: Experimental Models Of Multigenerational Disease Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… * Paternal contribution to expression of placental development genes a Ferguson-Smith et al, 2006; b Schagdarsurengin and Steger, 2016; c Saben et al, 2016; d Wu et al, 2015; e Wang et al, 2016; f Branco et al, 2016; g Huypens et al, 2016; h Chen et al, 2016; i Daxinger et al, 2016; j de Castro Barbosa et al, 2016; k Denham et al, 2015; l Donkin et al, 2016; m Hammoud et al, 2009; n Huypens et al, 2016; o Jodar et al, 2013; p Lane et al, 2014a; q McPherson et al, 2015; r Okada et al, 2010; s Ost et al, 2014; t Palmer et al, 2012; u Peng et al, 2012b; v Radford et al, 2014; w Rodgers et al, 2015; x Schuster et al, 2016; y Sharma et al, 2016; z Shea et al, 2015; aa Siklenka et al, 2015; ab Terashima et al, 2015; ac van de Werken et al, 2014; ad Seckl and Meaney, 2004; ae Alfaradhi and Ozanne, 2011; af Benz and Amann, 2010; ag Carone et al, 2010; ah Chambers et al, 2016; ai, aj Dunn and Bale, 2009, 20...…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetic Mechanisms of Transmission of Metabolic Disease across Generations

2017

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Both human and animal studies indicate that environmental exposures experienced during early life can robustly influence risk for adult disease. Moreover, environmental exposures experienced by parents during either intrauterine or postnatal life can also influence the health of their offspring, thus initiating a cycle of disease risk across generations. In this perspective, we focus on epigenetic mechanisms in germ cells, including DNA methylation, histone modification, and non-coding RNAs, which collectively may provide a non-genetic molecular legacy of prior environmental exposures and influence transcriptional regulation, developmental trajectories, and adult disease risk in offspring.

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“…Most of the current evidence for the transgenerational influence of pregnancy‐related exposures has been derived using rodent models . For example, Chambers et al reported that offspring and grand‐offspring of rats fed a high‐fat diet (with the intermediate generation fed only a chow diet) had increased body weight compared to controls with the effect less pronounced in the grand‐offspring …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The 3G Multigenerational Cohort of Nova Scotian women and their mothers and offspring

Brown

Woolcott

Dodds

et al. 2020

Paediatric Perinatal Epid

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Background The negative impact of exposures such as maternal obesity, excessive gestational weight gain, and hypertension in pregnancy on the health of the next generation has been well studied. Evidence from animal studies suggests that the effects of in utero exposures may persist into the second generation, but the epidemiological literature on the influence of pregnancy‐related exposures across three generations in humans is sparse. Objectives This cohort was established to investigate associations between antenatal and perinatal exposures and health outcomes in women and their offspring. Population The cohort includes women who were born and subsequently had their own pregnancies in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia from 1980 onward. Design Intergenerational linkage of data in the Nova Scotia Atlee Perinatal Database was used to establish a population‐based dynamic retrospective cohort. Methods The cohort has prospectively collected information on sociodemographics, maternal health and health behaviours, pregnancy health and complications, and obstetrical and neonatal outcomes for two generations of women and their offspring. Preliminary results As of October 2018, the 3G cohort included 14 978 grandmothers (born 1939‐1986), 16 766 mothers or cohort women (born 1981‐2003), and 28 638 children (born 1996‐2018). The cohort women were generally younger than Nova Scotian women born after 1980, and as a result, characteristics associated with pregnancy at a younger age were more frequently seen in the cohort women; sampling weights will be created to account for this design effect. The cohort will be updated annually to capture future deliveries to women who are already in the cohort and women who become eligible for inclusion when they deliver their first child. Conclusions The 3G Multigenerational Cohort is a population‐based cohort of women and their mothers and offspring, spanning a time period of 38 years, and provides the opportunity to study inter‐ and transgenerational associations across the maternal line.

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High-fat diet disrupts metabolism in two generations of rats in a parent-of-origin specific manner

Cited by 43 publications

References 48 publications

Maternal exposure to Western diet affects adult body composition and voluntary wheel running in a genotype-specific manner in mice

Maternal exposure to Western diet affects adult body composition and voluntary wheel running in a genotype-specific manner in mice

Epigenetic Mechanisms of Transmission of Metabolic Disease across Generations

The 3G Multigenerational Cohort of Nova Scotian women and their mothers and offspring

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