High‐Entropy Nanomaterials for Advanced Electrocatalysis

Abstract

High‐entropy alloys refer to near‐equimolar alloys of five or more elements and are receiving attention due to their unique physical and chemical properties. In electrocatalysis, they serve as active sites in multiple elements, favoring the optimized adsorption/desorption property toward the target reaction. High‐entropy nanomaterials (HENMs) are attractive candidates as electrocatalysts by taking advantage of a high surface‐to‐volume ratio and tailored composition. This review begins with the concept of high‐entropy materials and various strategies for designing electrocatalysts. Then, the recent advances in HENMs as electrocatalysts for various applications (water‐splitting reaction, carbon dioxide reduction reaction, alcohol oxidation reaction, etc.) are introduced with their catalytic performances. Finally, based on the current status of HENMs for electrocatalysis, the challenging aspects and the future insight of HENMs for advanced electrocatalysis are discussed and proposed.

Gas Diffusion Electrodes (GDEs) for Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Reduction in Microfluidic Cells: Towards a Fluid Dynamics Assisted Rational Design

“…Moreover, investigating HEAs comprising copper atoms is emphasized as a promising avenue for obtaining C 2+ products in these catalysts. 89 The macroporous/microporous gas diffusion double layer.-The GDL provides not only a highly electronic conductive support to GDEs but also allows rapid transport of gaseous CO 2 to the electrode | electrolyte interface in the CL, improving mass transfer. 17,90 Hence, optimal functioning of the GDL requires: (i) high conductivity for electron transfer, (ii) adequate porosity to allow gas diffusion, (iii) a flat surface for the CL, and (iv) sufficient hydrophobicity to avoid flooding of the GDE.…”

High-entropy alloys in electrocatalysis: from fundamentals to applications

“…93,94 The liquid-phase synthesis method, including techniques such as arc melting, laser melting, and selective electron beam melting, can produce solid-solution HEAs, but the high heating temperature is a significant limitation. 95,96 The gas-phase synthesis method, which includes molecular beam epitaxy, atomic layer deposition, and pulsed laser deposition, is more complex and requires sophisticated instruments. 32,97 Despite these conventional methods, the family of three principal synthesis methods continues to expand.…”

Recent advances towards increasing the Pt utilization efficiency for hydrogen evolution reaction: a review

“…5). 88 Another aspect that differentiates HEAs is their stability; this is due to their very high configurational entropy's contribution to Gibbs free energy, which is much higher than their mixing enthalpy, making them thermodynamically stable. This leads to the creation of stable solid solutions with many distinctive coordination sites and many local electronic structures owing to the wealth of elements on the surface occupying many configurations (Fig.…”