High-entropy (HfTaTiNbZr)C and (HfTaTiNbMo)C carbides fabricated through reactive high-energy ball milling and spark plasma sintering

Moskovskikh, Dmitry; Vorotilo, S.; Седегов, А. С.; Kuskov, Kirill; Bardasova, K.V.; Kiryukhantsev‐Korneev, Ph. V.; Zhukovskyi, Maksym; Mukasyan, Alexander S.

doi:10.1016/j.ceramint.2020.04.230

Cited by 103 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…To achieve such a goal, various methods have been used to synthesize ultrafine high-entropy carbide and boride powders. Moskovskikh et al [ [130,[135][136][137].…”

Section: Powdersmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-entropy ceramics: Present status, challenges, and a look forward

et al. 2021

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High-entropy ceramics (HECs) are solid solutions of inorganic compounds with one or more Wyckoff sites shared by equal or near-equal atomic ratios of multi-principal elements. Although in the infant stage, the emerging of this new family of materials has brought new opportunities for material design and property tailoring. Distinct from metals, the diversity in crystal structure and electronic structure of ceramics provides huge space for properties tuning through band structure engineering and phonon engineering. Aside from strengthening, hardening, and low thermal conductivity that have already been found in high-entropy alloys, new properties like colossal dielectric constant, super ionic conductivity, severe anisotropic thermal expansion coefficient, strong electromagnetic wave absorption, etc., have been discovered in HECs. As a response to the rapid development in this nascent field, this article gives a comprehensive review on the structure features, theoretical methods for stability and property prediction, processing routes, novel properties, and prospective applications of HECs. The challenges on processing, characterization, and property predictions are also emphasized. Finally, future directions for new material exploration, novel processing, fundamental understanding, in-depth characterization, and database assessments are given.

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“…To achieve such a goal, various methods have been used to synthesize ultrafine high-entropy carbide and boride powders. Moskovskikh et al [ [130,[135][136][137].…”

Section: Powdersmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-entropy ceramics: Present status, challenges, and a look forward

et al. 2021

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“…More importantly, HECC's compositional uniqueness very often leads to their property peculiarity. So far, a large number of HECCs were successfully synthesized, 16‐28 such as (HfZrTaNbTi)C, 16 (NbTaZrMoTi)C, 19 (NbTaZrTiW)C, 25 and (NbTaZrHfTi)C 26 . A general observation is that the nanohardness and fracture toughness of HECCs are superior to that of conventional binary TMCs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More importantly, HECC's compositional uniqueness very often leads to their property peculiarity. So far, a large number of HECCs were successfully synthesized, [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] such as (HfZrTaNbTi)C, 16 (NbTaZrMoTi)C, 19 (NbTaZrTiW)C, 25 and (NbTaZrHfTi)C. 26 A general observation is that the nanohardness and fracture toughness of HECCs are superior to that of conventional binary TMCs. For example, the hardness of the (HfNbTaTiZr)C carbide ranged from 29.7 to ∼40 GPa, while possessing 3-6-MPa m 1/2 fracture toughness.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toughening (NbTaZrW)C high‐entropy carbide ceramic through Mo doping

Zhang

et al. 2022

J Am Ceram Soc.

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Previously, we investigated the mechanical properties of a series of multi‐cation high‐entropy ceramic carbides and found that (NbTaZrW)C exhibits the best combination of nanohardness and toughness. In the current study, we explored the possibility of further hardening and/or toughening of this carbide through cation‐site Mo doping. The results show that MoC has at least 20 at.% solubility in (NbTaZrW)C. There is a tight positive relationship between average lattice distortion and mixing enthalpy; and when cation‐site Mo content is below 10 at.%, the “entropy effect” outweighs the “enthalpy effect,” leading to increased phase stability. As Mo content increases, the sacrifice of hardening is much less pronounced in comparison with that of the achievement of toughening. Quantitatively, as Mo in cation sites increases to 20 at.%, the toughness of (NbTaZrW)C is increased by ∼18%, whereas the nanohardness undergoes only ∼7% reduction. More intriguing, the 5 at.% Mo‐doped (NbTaZrW)C exhibits simultaneous improvement of nanohardness and toughness. This hardening/toughening behavior is associated with the complex and hybrid effects from lattice distortion, bonding nature as well as dislocation slip behavior. In general, this study shows the possibility of paving the way for the design and search of novel transition metal carbides with a better combination of hardness and toughness.

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“…In recent years, several high entropy carbide powders have been successfully synthesized by solid-phase methods and liquid-phase methods [28][29][30][31][32][33][34]. Zhou et al [28] synthesized high-entropy carbide powders (Ti0.2Zr0.2Hf0.2Nb0.2Ta0.2)C by spark plasma sintering via solid solution reaction between the single-component carbide powders.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The synthesis temperature is as high as 1950 °C and the obtained powders have relatively large particle size of approximately 2 µm. Moskovskikh et al [29] fabricated high-entropy carbide (Hf0.2Ta0.2Ti0.2Nb0.2Zr0.2)C through reactive high-energy ball milling of metal and graphite powders. Although this method is simple and efficient, it is easy to introduce impurities such as oxygen and Fe elements in the synthesis process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of Single-phase High Entropy Carbides by a Modified Citric Acid Complexing Method

Liu¹,

Dang²,

Ni³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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We developed a new method to synthesize single-phase transition metal carbide powders by combining citric acid complexing method and ball-milling dispersion. High-entropy carbides (Zr0.25Ti0.25Ta0.25Nb0.25)C (4TmC), (Zr0.2Ti0.2Ta0.2Nb0.2Hf0.2)C (5TmC-H) and (Zr0.2Ti0.2Ta0.2Nb0.2Mo0.2)C (5TmC-M) were successfully fabricated by this method using low-cost raw materials. The element and phase composition and microstructures of the obtained carbide powders were investigated. The relationships of synthesis process and temperature with chemical composition were also discussed. (Zr0.25Ti0.25Ta0.25Nb0.25)C can be obtained by a one-step process at 1550 °C, while (Zr0.2Ti0.2Ta0.2Nb0.2Hf0.2)C and (Zr0.2Ti0.2Ta0.2Nb0.2Mo0.2)C are fabricated by a two-step process of carbothermal reduction followed by solid solution at the temperatures not lower than 1850 °C and 1650 °C. The higher synthesis temperatures of the five-component carbides are attributed to the obvious sluggish diffusion effect induced by the larger lattice distortions. The particle sizes of (Zr0.25Ti0.25Ta0.25Nb0.25)C, (Zr0.2Ti0.2Ta0.2Nb0.2Hf0.2)C and (Zr0.2Ti0.2Ta0.2Nb0.2Mo0.2)C powders are 118.2±26.1 nm (at 1550 °C), 284.8±73.7 nm (at 1850 °C) and 65.5±13.9 nm (at 1750 °C), respectively.

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High-entropy (HfTaTiNbZr)C and (HfTaTiNbMo)C carbides fabricated through reactive high-energy ball milling and spark plasma sintering

Cited by 103 publications

References 35 publications

High-entropy ceramics: Present status, challenges, and a look forward

High-entropy ceramics: Present status, challenges, and a look forward

Toughening (NbTaZrW)C high‐entropy carbide ceramic through Mo doping

Preparation of Single-phase High Entropy Carbides by a Modified Citric Acid Complexing Method

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