High-energy pulse synthesis with sub-cycle waveform control for strong-field physics

Huang, Shu‐Wei; Cirmi, Giovanni; Moses, Jeffrey; Hong, Kyung-Han; Bhardwaj, S. B.; Birge, Jonathan R.; Chen, Li-Jin; Li, Enbang; Eggleton, Benjamin J.; Cerullo, Giulio; Kärtner, Franz X.

doi:10.1038/nphoton.2011.140

Cited by 327 publications

(228 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…Similarly, enhancement of HHG has been predicted in many theoretical simulations (Supplementary Discussion). More recently, advancement in optical parametric amplification (OPA) and optical parametric chirped-pulse amplification (OPCPA) technology has made it possible to perform coherent wavelength multiplexing of ultra-broadband (over two or more octaves) pulses with full phase and amplitude control, thus allowing the generation of any optical waveform [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] . With so many 'knobs' accessible, it is of critical importance to develop a general algorithm for optimal waveform control for the efficient enhancement of high-harmonic generation and for other strong field phenomena.…”

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confidence: 99%

Waveforms for optimal sub-keV high-order harmonics with synthesized two- or three-colour laser fields

et al. 2014

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High-order harmonics extending to the X-ray region generated in a gas medium by intense lasers offer the potential for providing tabletop broadband light sources but so far are limited by their low conversion efficiency. Here we show that harmonics can be enhanced by one to two orders of magnitude without an increase in the total laser power if the laser's waveform is optimized by synthesizing two-or three-colour fields. The harmonics thus generated are also favourably phase-matched so that radiation is efficiently built up in the gas medium. Our results, combined with the emerging intense high-repetition MHz lasers, promise to increase harmonic yields by several orders to make harmonics feasible in the near future as general bright tabletop light sources, including intense attosecond pulses.

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confidence: 99%

Waveforms for optimal sub-keV high-order harmonics with synthesized two- or three-colour laser fields

et al. 2014

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“…We have demonstrated the method for characterizing phase-stable sub-single cycle mid-infrared pulses. In principle, the concept can be applied for any wavelength regions, then it is suitable for characterization of phase-stable single-cycle pulses in other wavelength regions [12,13].…”

Section: -P2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency-resolved optical gating with electro-optic sampling

Fuji

Nomura

Shirai

et al. 2013

EPJ Web of Conferences

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Abstract.We have demonstrated a new pulse characterization technique, cross-correlation frequency-resolved optical gating with electro-optic sampling. Sub-single-cycle mid-infrared pulses were characterized with the absolute carrier-envelope phase values by using the method.Frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG) [1] is an important general technique to determine the intensity and phase evolution of an arbitrary ultrashort pulse. However, determination of its carrierenvelope phase (CEP) [2] was not possible with the method. On the other hand, electro-optic sampling (EOS) [3] is a method to obtain full information of the electric field including the absolute value of the CEP. Since the upper limit of the detectable frequency of the technique is the inverse of the pulse duration of the reference pulse, EOS has been used for characterization of the ultrashort pulses in rather low frequency region, specifically, from terahertz to mid-infrared region [4][5][6].In this contribution, we propose a new pulse characterization scheme which is a combination of FROG and EOS. The method enables us to characterize an ultrashort pulse with the information of the absolute CEP value by using a reference pulse whose pulse duration is much longer than the period of the carrier-wave of the target pulse.The time-averaged intensity of the delayed superposition of the fields of the reference pulse (E ref (t− τ)) and the difference frequency between the reference and test pulses (E test (t)) is written as follows,where denotes time average and α is a complex constant proportional to the nonlinear susceptibility of the difference frequency generation assumed as an instantaneous process. The first term is independent of the delay time. The second term is the intensity cross-correlation signal between the test pulse and the reference pulse. The spectrally resolved second term corresponds to a cross-correlation FROG signal (XFROG) [7]. The third term is the interference term, i.e., the EOS signal. If it is possible to assumeas a delta function, the term becomes E test (τ), which provides the complete information of the electric field of the test pulse. Otherwise, the term is spectrally filtered with the Fourier transform of I ref (t).If we simultaneously measure the XFROG and EOS signals, i.e., the second and the third terms in eq. (1), the absolute value of the CEP obtained with EOS can be used for determining the CEP of the characterized pulse with XFROG. Thus, this technique permits us to completely retrieve an electric field which has too high frequency components to detect with EOS. In other words, the technique dramatically relaxes the requirement of the reference pulse for the full characterization of the target electric field. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 2.0, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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“…This approach has become very favorable recently because of technological advances in optics [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. In our recent works [8,9], a general optimization scheme was proposed to obtain the best waveform such that the maximum HH yield from a single atom can be achieved by synthesizing two-or three-color fields.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The physics behind this behavior is the dynamic phase-matching conditions. With technology advances of the waveform synthesis [16][17][18][19]63] and hundreds kHz and MHz high-repetition-rate lasers [34,36,64], our analysis promises to be a powerful tool for realizing allpurpose tabletop coherent light pulses available in many laboratories. …”

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Generation of Bright, Spatially Coherent Soft X-Ray High Harmonics in a Hollow Waveguide Using Two-Color Synthesized Laser Pulses

et al. 2015

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We investigate the efficient generation of low-divergence high-order harmonics driven by waveformoptimized laser pulses in a gas-filled hollow waveguide. The drive waveform is obtained by synthesizing two-color laser pulses, optimized such that highest harmonic yields are emitted from each atom. Optimization of the gas pressure and waveguide configuration has enabled us to produce bright and spatially coherent harmonics extending from the extreme ultraviolet to soft x rays. Our study on the interplay among waveguide mode, atomic dispersion, and plasma effect uncovers how dynamic phase matching is accomplished and how an optimized waveform is maintained when optimal waveguide parameters (radius and length) and gas pressure are identified. Our analysis should help laboratory development in the generation of high-flux bright coherent soft x rays as tabletop light sources for applications.

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High-energy pulse synthesis with sub-cycle waveform control for strong-field physics

Cited by 327 publications

References 28 publications

Waveforms for optimal sub-keV high-order harmonics with synthesized two- or three-colour laser fields

Waveforms for optimal sub-keV high-order harmonics with synthesized two- or three-colour laser fields

Frequency-resolved optical gating with electro-optic sampling

Generation of Bright, Spatially Coherent Soft X-Ray High Harmonics in a Hollow Waveguide Using Two-Color Synthesized Laser Pulses

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