High energy-power Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitors enabled by layered B/N co-doped carbon cathode

Electrochemical Zinc Ion Capacitors Enhanced by Redox Reactions of Porous Carbon Cathodes

“…The ZIC can still deliver a gravimetric specific capacitance of 112.2 F g −1 even at a high current density of 60 A g −1 , demonstrating its superior rate capability. Notably, an ultrahigh power density of 48.8 kW kg −1 with a correspondingly high energy density of 40.4 Wh kg −1 can be achieved at a current density of 60 A g −1 , which is the highest value among the ZICs [ 11,13,15,19,20,22,37–43 ] and ZIBs [ 12,44–48 ] reported recently. Considering ZIC with PC800 cathode can deliver twice the energy density and six times the power density of the ZIC with commercial YP‐50F cathode (50.2 Wh kg −1 and 7.4 kW kg −1 ), [ 49 ] we believe our ZIC with PC800 cathode is a promising device for practical energy storage applications.…”

“…Comparison study for the electrochemical performances of PC700, PC800, and PC900 cathodes. a) CV curves recorded at a scan rate of 1 mV s −1 , b) GCD curves of PC800, c) the dependent galvanostatic specific capacities and d) capacitances of PC samples at current densities from 0.1 A g −1 to 20 A g −1 , e) the variation trends for gravimetric specific capacitances, atomic oxygen contents, and areal specific capacitances (normalized by the SSAs) with thermal treatment temperatures of PC samples, f) Ragone curve of PC800 compared with the maximum power density values of zinc ion energy storage devices (ZICs (♦): Zn//1 m Zn(CF 3 SO 3 ) 2 //bioderived porous carbon, [ 11 ] Zn//3M Zn(CFf 3 SO 3 ) 2 //graphene derived porous carbon, [ 13 ] Zn//1 m ZnSO 4 //layered B/N codoped porous carbon, [ 15 ] Zn//2 m ZnSO 4 //activated carbon (AC), [ 19 ] Zn//1 m ZnSO 4 //porous carbon, [ 20 ] Zn//1 m ZnSO 4 //hierarchical porous carbon (HPC), [ 22 ] Zn//2 m ZnSO 4 //AC, [ 37 ] Zn//2 m ZnSO 4 //HPC, [ 38 ] Zn//1 m ZnSO 4 //hollow carbon spheres, [ 39 ] Zn//2 m ZnSO 4 //AC, [ 40 ] Zn//2 m ZnSO 4 //AC, [ 41 ] Zn//2 m ZnSO 4 //graphene oxide film, [ 42 ] Zn//1 m ZnSO 4 //porous carbon nanoflake, [ 43 ] ZIBs (△): Zn//ZnCl 2 //PANI/carbon fiber, [ 12 ] Zn//2 m ZnSO 4 //PTO, [ 44 ] Zn//20 × 10 −3 m ZnSO 4 //CuHCF, [ 45 ] Zn//2 m ZnSO 4 //MnO 2 , [ 46 ] Zn//20 × 10 −3 m ZnSO 4 //CuZnHCF, [ 47 ] Zn//2 m ZnSO 4 //MXene‐rGO 2 , [ 48 ] and M denotes mol L −1 ) reported in recent years.…”

“…[ 13 ] On the other hand, the zinc anode shows Faradaic reactions with infinite theoretical capacitance compared with a porous carbon cathode, which exerts the maximum electric double‐layer capacitance (EDLC) of porous carbon cathode. [ 14 ] Nevertheless, in an aqueous ZIC system, commercial porous carbon has low capacity, energy density and power density (typical values are ≈55 mAh g −1 , 43.1 Wh kg −1 , and 12.0 kW kg −1 for YP‐50F, Kuraray Chemical, Japan) [ 15 ] due to its EDLC dominated charge storage mechanism. [ 16,17 ] Therefore, novel porous carbon cathodes are designed to boost the electrochemical performances of full‐cell ZIC.…”

Metal‐Organic Framework Integrated Anodes for Aqueous Zinc‐Ion Batteries

“…[ 3,4 ] As opposed to lithium and sodium, it is safe to operate Zn as an anode material in air and aqueous media, which significantly decreases the cost because it eliminates the necessity of having an inert atmosphere or using organic solvents. Thus, Zn‐based energy storage systems such as Zn‐ion, [ 5,6 ] Zn‐alkali, [ 2,7 ] Zn‐flow, [ 8 ] Zn‐I 2 , [ 9 ] Zn‐air, [ 10 ] and Zn‐ion capacitors [ 11,12 ] have received attention because of their practicality and good performance. The easy and scalable production of Zn electrodes is crucial for securing the continued development of improved Zn‐based battery systems, but recent research has highlighted the problem of dendrite formation caused by non‐uniform charge distribution and side reactions (hydrogen evolution, Zn corrosion) during plating and stripping which causes severe deterioration of Zn batteries, and significantly limits their efficiency and life.…”

Cu-MOF derived Cu–C nanocomposites towards high performance electrochemical supercapacitors

“…As a new type of energy storage equipment between traditional capacitors and batteries, supercapacitors have the advantages of high power density, fast charge and discharge, long cycle time and low environmental pollution, thus they have wide application in the elds of spare power systems, portable electronic equipment, information technology and hybrid electric vehicles. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] However, the low energy density and multiplier performance of supercapacitors restrict their practical application. Therefore, it is important to develop new electrode materials with high electrochemical performance.…”