High-energy lithium metal pouch cells with limited anode swelling and long stable cycles

Niu, Chaojiang; Lee, Hongkyung; Chen, Shuru; Li, Qiuyan; Du, Jason; Xu, Wu; Zhang, Ji‐Guang; Whittingham, M. Stanley; Xiao, Jie; Li, Jun

doi:10.1038/s41560-019-0390-6

Cited by 545 publications

(473 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…In addition, the high CE also allows for LMBs to work at a low anode-to-cathode capacity ratio, which is critical to achieving high energy density at the cell level. For example, commercial LIBs contain graphite anodes with anode-to-cathode capacity ratio of (1.05 -1.1) 48,49 , which is significantly lower than the value expected for Li metal anode (1.5 -3) 18,50 .…”

Section: Electrochemical Performance Of Li20ag Anodementioning

confidence: 82%

Solid–Solution-Based Metal Alloy Phase for Highly Reversible Lithium Metal Anode

et al. 2020

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Lithium metal batteries (LMB) are vital devices for high-energy-density energy storage, but Li metal anode is highly reactive with electrolyte and forms uncontrolled dendrite that can cause undesirable parasitic reactions thus poor cycling stability and raise safety concerns. Despite remarkable progress made to partly solve these issues, the Li metal still plate at the electrode/electrolyte interface where the parasitic reactions and dendrite formation invariably occur. Here we demonstrate the inwardgrowth plating of Li into a metal foil while avoiding surface deposition, which is driven by the reversible solid-solution based alloy phase change. Lithiation of the solid solution alloy phase facilitates the freshly generated Li atoms at the surface to sink into the foil, while the reversible alloy phase change is companied by the dealloying reaction during delithiation, which extracts Li atoms from inside of the foil. The yielded dendrite free Li anode produces an enhanced Coulombic efficiency of 99.5  0.2% with a reversible capacity of 1660 mA h g -1 (3.3 mA h cm -2 ).

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Section: Electrochemical Performance Of Li20ag Anodementioning

confidence: 82%

Solid–Solution-Based Metal Alloy Phase for Highly Reversible Lithium Metal Anode

et al. 2020

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“…With an ultrahigh theoretical specific capacity (3860 mAh g −1 ) and the lowest electrochemical potential [−3.04 V versus standard hydrogen electrode (SHE)], lithium‐metal anode is considered to be a promising anode for the next‐generation high‐energy batteries 1. However, Li dendrites growth in lithium‐metal batteries (LMBs) reduces Coulombic efficiency (CE) of Li plating and stripping and causes safety concern 3,4. The commercial electrolyte with the LiPF 6 salt and carbonate solvents for the graphite anode is not suitable for the lithium‐metal anode 5.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Countersolvent Electrolytes for Lithium‐Metal Batteries

Piao

et al. 2020

Advanced Energy Materials

227

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Development of electrolytes that simultaneously have high ionic conductivity, wide electrochemical window, and lithium dendrite suppression ability is urgently required for high‐energy lithium‐metal batteries (LMBs). Herein, an electrolyte is designed by adding a countersolvent into LiFSI/DMC (lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)amide/dimethyl carbonate) electrolytes, forming countersolvent electrolytes, in which the countersolvent is immiscible with the salt but miscible with the carbonate solvents. The solvation structure and unique properties of the countersolvent electrolyte are investigated by combining electroanalytical technology with a Molecular Dynamics simulation. Introducing the countersolvent alters the coordination shell of Li+ cations and enhances the interaction between Li+ cations and FSI− anions, which leads to the formation of a LiF‐rich solid electrolyte interphase, arising from the preferential reduction of FSI− anions. Notably, the countersolvent electrolyte suppresses Li dendrites and enables stable cycling performance of a Li||NCM622 battery at a high cut‐off voltage of 4.6 V at both 25 and 60 °C. This study provides an avenue to understand and design electrolytes for high‐energy LMBs in the future.

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“…[5,6] However, mild conditions, including thick Li anode (> 200 mm), low loading cathode (< 1mAh cm À2 ), and flooded electrolytes (> 30 gAh À1 ), are currently employed, which contributes to fundamental understanding and the pioneer design of SEI on Li metal anode (Figure 1a). [4,7] Compared with the stable SEI on graphite anode during thousands of cycles,the SEI on Li metal anode crumbles easily due to Li dendrites,w hich is severely aggravated under practical conditions. [8] Consequently,t he gap between academical researches and practical applications in designing SEI for Li metal anode is far more challenged than graphite anode.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Sustainable Solid Electrolyte Interphase for High‐Energy‐Density Lithium Metal Batteries Under Practical Conditions

et al. 2020

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High‐energy‐density Li metal batteries suffer from a short lifespan under practical conditions, such as limited lithium, high loading cathode, and lean electrolytes, owing to the absence of appropriate solid electrolyte interphase (SEI). Herein, a sustainable SEI was designed rationally by combining fluorinated co‐solvents with sustained‐release additives for practical challenges. The intrinsic uniformity of SEI and the constant supplements of building blocks of SEI jointly afford to sustainable SEI. Specific spatial distributions and abundant heterogeneous grain boundaries of LiF, LiNxOy, and Li2O effectively regulate uniformity of Li deposition. In a Li metal battery with an ultrathin Li anode (33 μm), a high‐loading LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 cathode (4.4 mAh cm−2), and lean electrolytes (6.1 g Ah−1), 83 % of initial capacity retains after 150 cycles. A pouch cell (3.5 Ah) demonstrated a specific energy of 340 Wh kg−1 for 60 cycles with lean electrolytes (2.3 g Ah−1).

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High-energy lithium metal pouch cells with limited anode swelling and long stable cycles

Cited by 545 publications

References 42 publications

Solid–Solution-Based Metal Alloy Phase for Highly Reversible Lithium Metal Anode

Solid–Solution-Based Metal Alloy Phase for Highly Reversible Lithium Metal Anode

Countersolvent Electrolytes for Lithium‐Metal Batteries

A Sustainable Solid Electrolyte Interphase for High‐Energy‐Density Lithium Metal Batteries Under Practical Conditions

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