High‐Energy, High‐Rate, Lithium–Sulfur Batteries: Synergetic Effect of Hollow TiO<sub>2</sub>‐Webbed Carbon Nanotubes and a Dual Functional Carbon‐Paper Interlayer

Hwang, Jang Yeon; Kim, Hee Min; Lee, Sang Kyu; Lee, Joo Hyeong; Abouimrane, Ali; Khaleel, Mohammad A.; Belharouak, Ilias; Manthiram, Arumugam; Sun, Yang Kook

doi:10.1002/aenm.201501480

Cited by 326 publications

(213 citation statements)

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“…15,38 Combined diffraction peaks of MWCNT and elemental sulfur were found in the MWCNT-S composite, confirming the successful impregnation of sulfur into the MWCNT matrix. The sulfur content of the MWCNT-S composite was measured by TGA.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…[15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] A freestanding electrode is one of attractive choice as the cathode for a Li-S battery, because it is fabricated without a binder or any powdery conductive materials, thereby allowing higher percentages of active material (S 8 ) in the cathode. 24 In addition, by taking advantage of their porous structure, the use of freestanding electrodes cannot only improve electrolyte accessibility and better absorbability of sulfur species, but also provide better electron and Li + pathways, significantly improving the electrochemical activity.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Controlling the Wettability between Freestanding Electrode and Electrolyte for High Energy Density Lithium-Sulfur Batteries

Hwang

Kim

Sun

2017

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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The present study demonstrates how to improve the electrochemical performance and energy density of lithium-sulfur batteries based on controlling the wettability between the freestanding electrode and the electrolyte. First, to improve the volumetric energy density, we reduced the thickness of freestanding electrode by the applying pressure. Second, in order to improve electrolyte conductivity and wettability for pressed freestanding electrode, we reduced the viscosity of electrolyte solution by reducing the LiTFSI salt concentration. Through these controls, the Li-S cell is constructed from a pressed freestanding carbon nanotube-sulfur cathode, 0.5 M LiTFSI in DME/DOL with 0.4 M LiNO 3 as a low-viscosity electrolyte (0.72 cP), and Li-metal foil as an anode. As a result, we can obtain a high discharge capacity of 1,400 mAh g −1 at 0.1 C and excellent cycle retention of 95% after 80 cycles at 0.5 C in coin-type cell. In addition, scale-up (3 by 5 cm) pouch-type Li-S cell delivers a high discharge capacity of 500 mAh at 0.1 C with high gravimetric (954. In order to mitigate the global environmental issues associated with the use of fossil fuels and the resulting greenhouse gas emissions, clean and sustainable energy production and storage technologies are urgently needed.1,2 In this context, lithium-ion battery (LIB) technology has progressed considerably, with continuing applications in potential energy storage devices. However, current LIBs have limited applications in electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, and power grids, owing to their low theoretical energy densities.3-6 Therefore, for mid-to-large-scale applications, it is imperative that we explore alternatives that offer the possibility of going beyond the limits of the intercalation chemistry of current Li-ion technology. 7The lithium-sulfur (Li-S) battery has emerged as a next-generation rechargeable battery, owing to the involvement of multiple electrons during the redox reactions between Li and S, which provides high theoretical energy density (2,600 Wh kg −1 ) and specific capacity (1,675 mAh g −1 ). 8,9 In addition, due to abundance of elemental sulfur and its environmental compatibility, Li-S battery has been considered the much more attractive power sources. Despite these advantages, current Li-S battery have various disadvantages such as poor electrical conductivities of sulfur and Li 2 S, 10,11 undesirable shuttle reactions, 12,13 and huge volume changes of sulfur (∼80%) upon cycling, 14 which have severely delayed the commercialization of Li-S batteries.In order to overcome these problems, various strategies have been implemented to improve the design of both the electrode and the electrolytes materials.15-23 A freestanding electrode is one of attractive choice as the cathode for a Li-S battery, because it is fabricated without a binder or any powdery conductive materials, thereby allowing higher percentages of active material (S 8 ) in the cathode. 24 In addition, by taking advantage of their porous structure, the use of freestanding ele...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 65%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlling the Wettability between Freestanding Electrode and Electrolyte for High Energy Density Lithium-Sulfur Batteries

Hwang

Kim

Sun

2017

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…To summarize, the methods of overcoming the challenges of the Li/S battery include: reducing the solubility of the polysulfides by adding toluene to THF, 9 increasing the concentration of the supporting electrolyte, 15 encapsulation of the sulfur species (S or Li 2 S) in several types of cages [24][25][26] and using polysulfide barriers and modified separators. [27][28][29] Modification of the electrolyte by the addition of nitrate, as proposed by Aurbach, 30 and film formation on the anode by its reaction with (CH 3 ) 3 SiCl, 31 were found to minimize the reaction of polysulfides with the anode, thus leading to longer cycle life.…”

Section: A5002mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Binders on the Performance and Degradation of the Lithium/Sulfur Battery Assembled in the Discharged State

Peled

Goor

Schektman

et al. 2016

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Capacity fading on cycling of lithium/sulfur batteries may result from at least four processes: increase of SEI thickness resistance, loss of cathode capacity (precipitation of sulfur species outside the cathode), agglomeration and thickening of sulfur species and increase in cell impedance as a result of reduction of the electrolyte. A very important issue that has not been properly addressed up to now is the influence of the type and content of the cathode binder on the cell parameters and on the electrochemical performance of lithium/sulfur batteries. We present here a detailed analysis and discussion of the electrochemical behavior, during prolonged cycling, of Li2S-based cathodes containing five different binders. The binders under investigation are: poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF-HFP), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), mix of PVP with polyethylene imine (PEI), polyaniline (PANI) and lithium polyacrylate (LiPAA). Sulfur utilization in the cathode follows the order of LiPAA > PVP:PEI > PVP > PVDF-HFP > PANI. Depending on the type of binder, cells provide 500 to 1400 mAh/g (S), 94.6–98.0% faradaic efficiency and enable more than 500 reversible cycles.

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“…Due to the insulating nature of both TiO 2 and sulfur, combining conductive carbon with TiO 2 -S composites to further improve the electrochemical performances is becoming increasingly favorable by the researchers. [54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68] Zhang's group developed a titanium dioxide anchored on hollow carbon nanofiber hybrid nanostructure (HCNF@TiO 2 -S). 66 The HCNF@TiO 2 -S composite exhibited much better electrochemical performance than the HCNF-S composite, which delivered an initial discharge capacity of 1040 mA h/g and maintained 650 mA h/g after 200 cycles at a 0.5 C rate.…”

Section: Nanostructured Metal Oxides Application In Li-s Batteriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent development of metal compound applications in lithium–sulphur batteries

Lai

2017

J. Mater. Res.

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Lithium-sulphur (Li-S) batteries are one of the most promising candidates for the next generation of energy storage systems to alleviate the energy crisis. However, Li-S batteries' commercialization faces the challenges of low active materials utilization, poor cycling life, and low energy density. Recently, tremendous progress has been achieved in improving the electrode performances and tap density by using the nanostructured metal compounds in Li-S batteries. In this review, we not only present the latest various nanostructured metal compounds applications in Li-S batteries, including metal oxides, metal sulphides, metal carbides, metal nitrides, and metal organic frameworks, but also we focus on the interaction mechanisms between these polar metal compounds with polysulphides. The issues and bottlenecks of these metal compounds are concluded and the corresponding available solutions to address these issues are proposed. This systematic discussion and proposed strategies can offer avenues to the practical application of Li-S batteries in the near future.

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High‐Energy, High‐Rate, Lithium–Sulfur Batteries: Synergetic Effect of Hollow TiO₂‐Webbed Carbon Nanotubes and a Dual Functional Carbon‐Paper Interlayer

Abstract: Figure 7. TEM and elemental analyses of S-HMT@CNTs cathode cycled 100 times and then a-c) charged to 2.8 V and d-f) discharged to 1.9 V. g-j) SEM and EDX-elemental analyses of DF-PCW interlayer recovered from S-HMT@CNT cell cycled 100 times at 1C rate between 1.9 and 2.8 V.

Cited by 326 publications

References 65 publications

Controlling the Wettability between Freestanding Electrode and Electrolyte for High Energy Density Lithium-Sulfur Batteries

Controlling the Wettability between Freestanding Electrode and Electrolyte for High Energy Density Lithium-Sulfur Batteries

The Effect of Binders on the Performance and Degradation of the Lithium/Sulfur Battery Assembled in the Discharged State

Recent development of metal compound applications in lithium–sulphur batteries

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High‐Energy, High‐Rate, Lithium–Sulfur Batteries: Synergetic Effect of Hollow TiO2‐Webbed Carbon Nanotubes and a Dual Functional Carbon‐Paper Interlayer

Abstract: Figure 7. TEM and elemental analyses of S-HMT@CNTs cathode cycled 100 times and then a-c) charged to 2.8 V and d-f) discharged to 1.9 V. g-j) SEM and EDX-elemental analyses of DF-PCW interlayer recovered from S-HMT@CNT cell cycled 100 times at 1C rate between 1.9 and 2.8 V.

Cited by 326 publications

References 65 publications

Controlling the Wettability between Freestanding Electrode and Electrolyte for High Energy Density Lithium-Sulfur Batteries

Controlling the Wettability between Freestanding Electrode and Electrolyte for High Energy Density Lithium-Sulfur Batteries

The Effect of Binders on the Performance and Degradation of the Lithium/Sulfur Battery Assembled in the Discharged State

Recent development of metal compound applications in lithium–sulphur batteries

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High‐Energy, High‐Rate, Lithium–Sulfur Batteries: Synergetic Effect of Hollow TiO₂‐Webbed Carbon Nanotubes and a Dual Functional Carbon‐Paper Interlayer