High energy density pulsed power capacitors

MacDougall, F.W.; Ennis, J.B.; Cooper, Robert; Bates, J.; Seal, K.

doi:10.1109/ppc.2003.1277763

Cited by 23 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…The stored energy should be delivered within 10 –6 to 10 –3 s for pulse-discharge applications . These are used in inverters of electric as well as hybrid electric vehicles; medical devices such as defibrillators, surgical lasers, and X-ray equipment; power-conditioning equipment; high-frequency filtering; solid-state switch snubbers; pulsed-plasma thrusters; high-power microwave; weapon systems including electric guns (electromagnetic railguns and coil guns, electrothermal guns, and electrothermal–chemical guns); ballistic missile applications; electric ships; etc. ,,,,− Whittingham compared the energy/power densities of fuel cells, batteries, pseudocapacitors, double-layer capacitors, electrostatic capacitors, and internal combustion engines and depicted that electrostatic capacitors exhibit the best power densities (∼10 4 to ∼10 7 W/kg) but poor energy densities (0.001–0.1 Wh/kg) . Thus, lots of research is going on to improve the energy density of the polymer nanocomposites.…”

Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress on Ferroelectric Polymer-Based Nanocomposites for High Energy Density Capacitors: Synthesis, Dielectric Properties, and Future Aspects

2016

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Dielectric polymer nanocomposites are rapidly emerging as novel materials for a number of advanced engineering applications. In this Review, we present a comprehensive review of the use of ferroelectric polymers, especially PVDF and PVDF-based copolymers/blends as potential components in dielectric nanocomposite materials for high energy density capacitor applications. Various parameters like dielectric constant, dielectric loss, breakdown strength, energy density, and flexibility of the polymer nanocomposites have been thoroughly investigated. Fillers with different shapes have been found to cause significant variation in the physical and electrical properties. Generally, one-dimensional and two-dimensional nanofillers with large aspect ratios provide enhanced flexibility versus zero-dimensional fillers. Surface modification of nanomaterials as well as polymers adds flavor to the dielectric properties of the resulting nanocomposites. Nowadays, three-phase nanocomposites with either combination of fillers or polymer matrix help in further improving the dielectric properties as compared to two-phase nanocomposites. Recent research has been focused on altering the dielectric properties of different materials while also maintaining their superior flexibility. Flexible polymer nanocomposites are the best candidates for application in various fields. However, certain challenges still present, which can be solved only by extensive research in this field.

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Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress on Ferroelectric Polymer-Based Nanocomposites for High Energy Density Capacitors: Synthesis, Dielectric Properties, and Future Aspects

2016

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“…These devices are approximately the size of a pocket watch, with the capacitor component of the pulse generator comprising the bulk of the device . Improving the energy storage density of the low loss dielectric capacitive material may allow for further miniaturization of implantable defibrillators, simplifying implantation procedures, reducing implant morbidity, and minimizing recovery time after surgery …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cubic Pyrochlore Bismuth Zinc Niobate Thin Films for High‐Temperature Dielectric Energy Storage

Michael

Trolier-McKinstry

2015

J. Am. Ceram. Soc.

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Thin films of cubic pyrochlore bismuth zinc niobate, a lead-free dielectric, were fabricated using a solution chemistry based upon the Pechini method. Scanning electron microscopy confirmed that the films are smooth and mostly dense. The films exhibit a dielectric constant of 145 AE 5, a low dielectric loss of 0.00065 AE 0.0001, and a room temperature, 1 kHz maximum field of approximately 4.7 MV/cm. At frequencies of 100 Hz and 10 kHz, the maximum field sustained by the material increased to 5.0 MV/cm and 5.1 MV/cm, although the dielectric loss increased to 0.0065 AE 0.001. At a measurement frequency of 10 kHz, the maximum energy storage density was 60.8 AE 2.0 J/cm 3 , while at a measurement frequency of 100 Hz, the maximum energy storage was~46.7 AE 1.7 J/cm 3 . As the temperature was increased to 200°C, the breakdown strength of the films decreased, while the loss tangent remained modest. At 200°C and a measurement frequency of 100 Hz, the maximum energy storage density was~23.1 AE 0.8 J/cm 3 , and at 10 kHz, the maximum energy storage density was 27.3 AE 1.0 J/cm 3 .

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“…Presently, there is a need for new high dielectric constant materials for improved embedded capacitor applications involving system-on-package (SOP) technology. , The use of SOP is critical to high speed secure propagation, increased capacity of printed circuit boards, and possibly a reduction in cost . Also, new materials with high dielectric constants, high break-down voltages, and low dissipation factors will be essential components of advanced high energy density and pulsed energy capacitors for both military and civilian device applications. − While there is an impressive industry for inorganic capacitors, these materials often suffer from both poor stability and flexibility . In response to these limitations, there have been reports using inorganic materials as various dopants, such as the process of incorporating ceramic architectures into various polymeric matrixes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Dielectric Hyperbranched Polyaniline Materials

Yan

Goodson

2006

J. Phys. Chem. B

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New organic materials for the purpose of high speed capacitor applications are discussed. The effect of the microcrystalline size dependence of different polyaniline polymeric systems on the dielectric constant is investigated. Two different methods are described for the preparation of the polyaniline dielectric materials. By sonication polymerization, the prepared polyaniline with a suggested hyperbranched structure showed much larger microcrystalline domains in comparison to the conventional linear polyaniline. Investigations of the dielectric constant and capacitance at a relatively high frequency (>100 kHz) suggested that the system with the larger microcrystalline domains (hyperbranched) gives rise to a larger dielectric constant. The mechanism of the increased dielectric response at higher frequencies is investigated by EPR spectroscopy, and these results suggest that delocalized polarons may provide a way to enhance the dielectric response at high frequency.

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High energy density pulsed power capacitors

Cited by 23 publications

References 1 publication

Recent Progress on Ferroelectric Polymer-Based Nanocomposites for High Energy Density Capacitors: Synthesis, Dielectric Properties, and Future Aspects

Recent Progress on Ferroelectric Polymer-Based Nanocomposites for High Energy Density Capacitors: Synthesis, Dielectric Properties, and Future Aspects

Cubic Pyrochlore Bismuth Zinc Niobate Thin Films for High‐Temperature Dielectric Energy Storage

High Dielectric Hyperbranched Polyaniline Materials

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