High energy density lithium cells

Besenhard, Jürgen; Eichinger, G.

doi:10.1016/s0022-0728(76)80298-7

Cited by 186 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…Moreover, an indispensable condition for these two reactions is, that the carbon material employed must be a well orientated graphite. This illustrates, that a deterioration of the host lattice, originating, for example, from cycling the electrode, affects the overall chemistry [27,28].…”

Section: Electrochemical Intercalationmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…This is directly related to the intercalation mechanism. There exist four main routes to carry out intercalation in graphite: (i) two-zone vapor transport developed in 1981 by Dresselhaus et al [2], (ii) electrochemical intercalation, highly interesting since 1970 due to the first lithium/graphite fluoride battery system [27,28], (iii) more recently: wet chemical functionalization of graphite which was first introduced to intercalate carbon nanotubes [29][30][31] and further on adapted for graphite [32,33] looking for bulk productions of graphene, (iv) in-situ intercalation by vapor transport and subsequent annealing in UHV and HV environments [7]. The latter is an adapted version of the two-zone vapor transport method.…”

Section: Preparation Of Gicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Graphite intercalation compounds under electrochemical intercalation have been produced with the aim of improving batteries [27,28]. This process involves graphitic electrodes immersed in an electrolytic solution with a chemically and mechanically stable host (graphite in this case) which acts as a breathing matrix where ions can be sucked-on and in a discharge process the charge can be expelled-out.…”

Section: Electrochemical Intercalationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Raman spectroscopy of graphite intercalation compounds: Charge transfer, strain, and electron–phonon coupling in graphene layers

Chacón-Torres

Wirtz

Pichler

2014

Physica Status Solidi (b)

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Graphite intercalation compounds (GICs) are an interesting and highly studied field since 1970's. It has gained renewed interest since the discovery of superconductivity at high temperature for CaC 6 and the rise of graphene. Intercalation is a technique used to introduce atoms or molecules into the structure of a host material. Intercalation of alkali metals in graphite has shown to be a controllable procedure recently used as a scalable technique for bulk production of graphene, and nano-ribbons by induced exfoliation of graphite. It also creates supra-molecular interactions between the host and the intercalant, inducing changes in the electronic, mechanical, and physical properties of the host. GICs are the mother system of intercalation also employed in fullerenes, carbon nanotubes, graphene, and carbon-composites. We will show how a combination of Raman and ab-initio calculations of the density and the electronic band structure in GICs can serve as a tool to elucidate the electronic structure, electron-phonon coupling, charge transfer, and lattice parameters of GICs and the graphene layers within. This knowledge of GICs is of high importance to understand superconductivity and to set the basis for applications with GICs, graphene and other nano-carbon based materials like nanocomposites in batteries and nanoelectronic devices.

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Section: Electrochemical Intercalationmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Preparation Of Gicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Electrochemical Intercalationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Raman spectroscopy of graphite intercalation compounds: Charge transfer, strain, and electron–phonon coupling in graphene layers

Chacón-Torres

Wirtz

Pichler

2014

Physica Status Solidi (b)

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“…Non-aqueous solvents can be effective absorbers of SO, for the purposes of pollution control ( I ) , and are vital in lithium-SO, high energy density primary batteries (2).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The system sulfur dioxide – N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone

Adams¹,

Kruus²,

Patraboy³

1983

Can. J. Chem.

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Solubility and freezing point data are presented for the system sulfur dioxide – N-methyl-2-pyrroIidinone (NMP). The enthalpy and entropy of solution are determined as −33.7 kJ mol−1 and −94.6 J K−1 mol−1, respectively. The freezing point diagram shows maxima at [Formula: see text], suggesting the presence of 2:1 and 1:1 NMP:SO2 complexes. The existence of such complexes in the liquid state is supported by viscosity and permittivity data. Nuclear magnetic resonance and Raman spectroscopic data suggest an overall shift of electron density from the nitrogen and the carbonyl carbon of NMP to the O of SO2, with weakening of the CO bond of NMP.

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“…Li dendrites are unevenly formed on the anodeelectrolyte interface during cycling, which can pierce the separator and cause cell explosion (Figure 1.2). [7] The Li/Al alloys were effective alternatives to lithium metal, which can effectively eliminate the growth of dendritic lithium by reducing the intrinsic reactivity of lithium. [8] Unfortunately, the anodes of Li/Al alloys are easily damaged due to large volume changes during cycling.…”

Section: Lithium-ion Batteriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vanadium-oxide-based electrode materials for Li-ion batteries

Liu¹

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Vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) with a layered crystalline structure is a promising cathode material for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) However, several problems largely restrict the battery performance of V2O5, such as small Li + diffusion coefficient, low electrical conductivity, irreversible phase transitions, and dissolution of vanadium into the electrolyte. Therefore, V2O5 exhibits poor rate capability and cycling stability. This thesis aims to improve the performance of V2O5 in regard to its electrical conductivity, lithium diffusion coefficient, and structural stability of V2O5 by using strategies, such as nanostructuring, element doping, adding carbon additives, and conductive polymer coating. .

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High energy density lithium cells

Cited by 186 publications

References 74 publications

Raman spectroscopy of graphite intercalation compounds: Charge transfer, strain, and electron–phonon coupling in graphene layers

Raman spectroscopy of graphite intercalation compounds: Charge transfer, strain, and electron–phonon coupling in graphene layers

The system sulfur dioxide – N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone

Vanadium-oxide-based electrode materials for Li-ion batteries

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