High-energy-density dual-ion battery for stationary storage of electricity using concentrated potassium fluorosulfonylimide

Kravchyk, Kostiantyn V.; Bhauriyal, Preeti; Piveteau, Laura; Guntlin, Christoph P.; Pathak, Biswarup; Kovalenko, Maksym V.

doi:10.1038/s41467-018-06923-6

Cited by 229 publications

(211 citation statements)

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“…Energy Mater. [17,18,58] These problems have been plaguing high voltage electrode materials. a,a1) HRTEM and element mapping of FeSe 2 /N-C electrode after 50th discharge to 0.5 V; b,b1) and after 50th charge to 3.0 V. www.advenergymat.de www.advancedsciencenews.com anode material while the anion will adsorb to the cathode material during the charge process.…”

Section: Doi: 101002/aenm201903277mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nature of FeSe₂/N‐C Anode for High Performance Potassium Ion Hybrid Capacitor

Wang

et al. 2019

Advanced Energy Materials

239

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In addition, in-depth understanding of the nature of electrode material is an essential step in the development of electrode materials. [21][22][23][24] The electrode materials play a vital role in the battery. [25,26] During the deintercalation and conversion reactions, the electrode material is subjected to various physical and chemical changes, such as phase transitions and electrochemical reorganization. [27] These series of physical and chemical changes will affect the electrochemical performance. [28] Therefore, it is necessary to optimize and improve the electrochemical performance of the battery by studying the reaction mechanism. [29][30][31][32] Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have gained comprehensive attention in the field of energy storage due to their unique electrochemical properties, high electrical conductivity, and high capacity. [33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40] The inadequacies are also obvious, including volume expansion, agglomeration, low ion-diffusion coefficient, and side reaction during discharge/charge, resulting in the rapid decay of capacity. [41] To achieve high performance rechargeable batteries, it is important to understand the physical and chemical changes in electrode materials during the charge/discharge process. Researchers have made remarkable progress. [42] Usually TMDs involve a multi-step reaction mechanism as anode material for lithium ion batteries and sodium ion batteries (intercalation and conversion). [43][44][45] However, the physical and chemical changes in these TMDs in the potassium ion batteries are still not clear, which hinders the design and development of electrode materials. Therefore, exploring the reaction mechanism of metal selenide not only allows us to understand the relationship between TMDs and K + , but also achieve a long life cycle that would be a breakthrough for large-scale energy storage equipment.Herein, we successfully synthesized carbon-coated FeSe 2 clusters via a solvothermal method. The FeSe 2 clusters are well wrapped by the carbon layer, which improves electron conductivity and alleviates volume expansion. Benefiting from the unique structure, FeSe 2 /N-C exhibit ultra-stable cycle performance with a reversible capacity of up to 170 mAh g −1 at a high current of 2000 mA g −1 , which remains ≈158 mAh g −1 after 2000 cycles. The capacity retention is close to 100%. The electrodes also show remarkable rate performance. Furthermore, first-principles calculations, in situ X-ray diffraction, and ex situ transmission electron microscopy (in situ XRD and ex-TEM) Potassium ion hybrid capacitors have great potential for large-scale energy devices, because of the high power density and low cost. However, their practical applications are hindered by their low energy density, as well as electrolyte decomposition and collector corrosion at high potential in potassium bis(fluoro-sulfonyl)imide-based electrolyte. Therefore, anode materials with high capacity, a suitable voltage platform, and stability become a key factor. Here, N-doping carbon-co...

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Section: Doi: 101002/aenm201903277mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nature of FeSe₂/N‐C Anode for High Performance Potassium Ion Hybrid Capacitor

Wang

et al. 2019

Advanced Energy Materials

239

137

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“…[68,[128][129][130][131] The latter significantly impact the total volume change of the GDIBs on the cell level. Contrary to a rather small volume increase of graphite during intercalation of Li + ions of ≈10%, the volume of the graphite might expand up to 150% during intercalation of bulky anions.…”

Section: Discussion Of Volume Changes In Gdibsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The primary conclusion is that the molarity of the electrolyte is the most useful variable, in addition to the capacity of the graphite, for improving the energy density of GDIBs because of the capacity-limiting effect of the electrolyte. [24,26,30,[41][42][43]56,[68][69][70][71][72] We would like to emphasize that currently, no common methodology exists for reporting cell-level energy density for various GDIBs. Energy Mater.…”

Section: Lithium Sodium and Potassium Gdibsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[113] On the contrary, the addition of ethylmethyl carbonate (EMC) solvent revealed a significant increase in the graphite capacity of up to ≈100 mAh g −1 . [68,112] In contrast, the systems comprising the largest ions such as bis(pentafluoroethanesulfonyl) imide (BETI − ) demonstrate a relatively low intercalation voltage of ≈4.3 V versus Li + / Li. Consequently, the solvation of PF 6 − anions in EC solvent is affected by EMC.…”

Section: Graphite Materials Playgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2019, 9,1901749 1 and 2, accordingly). [68] [14] Copyright 2014, The Electrochemical Society); c) Galvanostatic charge-discharge curves of processed graphite flakes measured at current density of 100 mAh g −1 using chloroaluminate ionic liquids with various AlCl 3 :EMIMCl molar ratios (r).…”

Section: Staging Mechanism and Voltage Of Anion Intercalation Into Grmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rechargeable Dual‐Ion Batteries with Graphite as a Cathode: Key Challenges and Opportunities

Kravchyk

Kovalenko

2019

Advanced Energy Materials

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121

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friendliness. Additionally, there are numerous additional electrochemical battery performance characteristics that play an equally important role such as longterm cycling performance (cycle life), calendar life, Coulombic efficiency (measure for charge loss due to irreversible side reactions), energy efficiency, and the performance at different charge/discharge rates or at different temperatures. From this perspective, researchers constantly explore new anode and cathode materials for existing battery technologies as well as conceive new electrochemical energy storage concepts. In this context, the last two decades have seen a surge of reports on various low-cost anodes and cathodes for Li-ion and post-Li-ion batteries (Na-, K-, Ca-, Mg-, and Al-ion batteries). Moreover, new electrochemical concepts called graphite dual-ion batteries (GDIBs) have recently attracted significant attention. GDIBs show high potential for the use in grid-scale energy storage applications due to their low cost, relatively high energy densities of up to ≈200 Wh kg −1 and cyclic stability (thousands of cycles and potentially more). In this review, we provide an introduction to the basics of GDIBs. In particular, we discuss their operating mechanisms and cover the topic of energy density calculations. In addition, we highlight the importance of correct reporting of the performance metrics with respect to the energy density of GDIBs. Next, we discuss in detail factors governing the electrochemical performance of graphite cathodes in dual-ion batteries, such as graphite structure, morphology, and particle size. The factors that impact the voltage of electrochemical anion intercalation/deintercalation into graphite will be described as well. With respect to the practical application of the GDIBs, the current collector issues and volume changes of GDIBs will be discussed in the final sections. Historical AspectsAlthough GDIBs may appear to be newcomers in battery research, they have a long and tangible history. The concept of GDIBs was introduced in the patents of McCullough et al. [1,2] in 1989. The experimental example consisted of two graphite electrodes acting as an anode and a cathode, and a 15 wt% solution of LiClO 4 in propylene carbonate acting as an electrolyte. The oxidation and reduction of cathodic and anodic graphite electrodes occur with concomitant intercalation of Li + cations and ClO 4 − anions, respectively. The latter process is known as the formation of donor-type (cationic) or acceptor-type (anionic) graphite intercalation compounds (GICs). Some years later, in the 1990s, the intercalation of various anions into graphite Rechargeable graphite dual-ion batteries (GDIBs) have attracted the attention of electrochemists and material scientists in recent years due to their low cost and high-performance metrics, such as high power density (≈3-175 kW kg −1 ), energy efficiency (≈80-90%), long cycling life, and high energy density (up to 200 Wh kg −1 ), suited for grid-level stationary storage of electricity.The key feature of GD...

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