High energy density aqueous zinc–benzoquinone batteries enabled by carbon cloth with multiple anchoring effects

In recent years, the increasing demand for high‐capacity and safe energy storage has focused attention on zinc batteries featuring high voltage, high capacity, or both. Despite extensive research progress, achieving high‐energy‐density zinc batteries remains challenging and requires the synergistic regulation of multiple factors including reaction mechanisms, electrodes, and electrolytes. In this Review, we comprehensively summarize the rational design strategies of high‐energy‐density zinc batteries and critically analyze the positive effects and potential issues of these strategies in optimizing the electrochemistry, cathode materials, electrolytes, and device architecture. Finally, the challenges and perspectives for the further development of high‐energy‐density zinc batteries are outlined to guide research towards new‐generation batteries for household appliances, low‐speed electric vehicles, and large‐scale energy storage systems.

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“…[32] And Ndoped carbon cloth is able to firmly anchor benzoquinone, thereby inhibiting its dissolution and stabilizing its capacity. [33]…”

Section: Angewandte Chemiementioning

confidence: 99%

Design Strategies for High‐Energy‐Density Aqueous Zinc Batteries

Ruan

Liang

et al. 2022

Angewandte Chemie

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“…p -Benzoquinone (BQ) is the simplest quinone moiety with the highest relative quinone concentrations, which can mediate rapid redox reactions. − Considering the residual toxicity of the BQ salt, obtaining heterogeneous carbon catalysts via the pyrolysis method can promote “green” and cost-effective recyclability, while a majority of the quinone groups may be retained because of their high thermal stability. , More importantly, pyrolysis is a feasible strategy to improve the activity of CMs via enhancing the electrical conductivity and regulating the oxygen content . Consequently, it is reasonable to assume that BQ-derived carbon (BQC) is efficient to activate S(IV) for organic contaminant elimination.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal-Free Activation of Sulfite by Benzoquinone-Derived Carbon for Efficient Organic Contaminant Degradation: Identification and Regulation of Active Sites

et al. 2023

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Sulfite [S(IV)]-based advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) driven by carbon materials provide an environmentally friendly, economical route for environmental remediation. However, the active sites and involved radical mechanisms are still controversial due to the complexity of the carbon structure, thus greatly hampering the development of highly efficient systems. Herein, a benzoquinone-derived carbon (BQC)/S(IV) system was developed for organic pollutant degradation in an acidic medium for the first time. The quinone groups and conductivity were confirmed as the key factors for S(IV) activation through cyclic voltammetry, antitheses, specific site masking, and quantitative structure−activity relationship methods. Benefiting from the high content of quinone groups and excellent conductivity, the BQC catalyst exhibited much more effective in activating Na 2 SO 3 for organic pollutant degradation compared to most traditional carbon or even metal catalysts. The chronopotentiometry and in situ Raman results revealed that the formation of C−S(IV)* complexes was the primary step to produce SO 3•− , followed by the production of SO 4•− via a chain reaction, in which the SO 4•− radical was responsible for pollutant degradation. The findings may provide novel insights into reaction mechanisms in S(IV)-AOP systems and pave the way toward highly efficient carbon catalysts to activate S(IV) for the elimination of organic contaminants.

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“…[ 24 ] To date, the reversible electrochemical reactions between cations and redox groups of CO, CN, and CN have been studied in Zn–organic batteries. [ 25–28 ] For instance, Chen's group first reported cially calix (C4Q) cathode for building high capacity and long lifespan Zn–organic batteries, yet their large scale applications are limited by the complex synthesis process. [ 29 ] Stoddart's group studied phenanthrenequinone‐based macrocycle (PQ‐Δ) organic cathode, which demonstrates the insertion of hydrated zinc ions and robust triangular structure are benefit to achieve Zn–organic batteries with superior stability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High‐Performance Aqueous Zinc Batteries Based on Organic/Organic Cathodes Integrating Multiredox Centers

et al. 2021

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V vs the standard hydrogen electrode), ultrahigh theory capacity (820 mAh g −1 ), low cost, fast kinetics, and superior reliability, aqueous zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) have attracted extensive attention among various rechargeable batteries. [5][6][7][8] However, the energy density and output power density of state-of-the-art ZIBs are mainly limited by the unsatisfactory cathode materials, especially under the commercial mass loading (> 10 mg cm −2 ). [9,10] Considerable research efforts have been put into the design of high performance cathode hosts, including Mn-based, V-based transition metal oxides/sulfides, Prussian blue analogues, and organic compounds. [11][12][13] Compared to intercalation-type inorganic counterparts with unstable structures and sluggish ionic diffusion, organic cathodes are promising candidates for advanced aqueous ZIBs due to their lightweight, sustainable, flexible, and tunable structures. [12,14,15] During energy storage/release process of Zn-organic batteries, the cations (Zn 2+ or H + ) are only act to coordinate the charge of active functional group based redox reactions. [16][17][18] Hence, the merely chemical bond rearrangement in organic hosts can contribute to the improved rate capability and cycling stability of ZIBs. [19][20][21] In the past few years, a lot of organic and organic-inorganic hosts have been successfully reported as cathodes for high performance ZIBs. However, the reported polyaniline (PANI) intercalated MnO 2 , [22] PANI intercalated V 2 O 5 , [23] and polypyrrole (PPy) encapsulated Mn 2 O 3 cathodes with the enhanced rate performances were based on the mass loading less than 3 mg cm −2 , which is not conducive to the practical application of aqueous zinc ion batteries. [24] To date, the reversible electrochemical reactions between cations and redox groups of CO, CN, and CN have been studied in Zn-organic batteries. [25][26][27][28] For instance, Chen's group first reported cially calix (C4Q) cathode for building high capacity and long lifespan Zn-organic batteries, yet their large scale applications are limited by the complex synthesis process. [29] Stoddart's group studied phenanthrenequinone-based macrocycle (PQ-Δ) organic cathode, which demonstrates the insertion of hydrated zinc ions and robust triangular structure are benefit to achieve Zn-organic batteries with superior stability. [30] Yet, their low redox potential and unsatisfactory capacity have no obvious advantage than that of inorganic cathodes. In addition to carbonyl active centers of CO, Niu's group also reported diquinoxalino [2,3-a:2′,3′-c] phenazine (HATN) cathode with Organic cathode materials with redox-active sites and flexible structure are promising for developing aqueous zinc ion batteries with high capacity and large output power. However, the energy storage of most organic hosts relies on the coordination/incoordination reaction between Zn 2+ /H + and a single functional group, which result in inferior capacity, low discharge platform, and structural instability. Here, the lead is ...

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High energy density aqueous zinc–benzoquinone batteries enabled by carbon cloth with multiple anchoring effects

Abstract: Benzoquinone (BQ) is a desirable cathode for aqueous rechargeable batteries because of its high theoretical capacity and low cost. However, its application is seriously hindered by the high solubility of...

Cited by 25 publications

References 58 publications

Design Strategies for High‐Energy‐Density Aqueous Zinc Batteries

Design Strategies for High‐Energy‐Density Aqueous Zinc Batteries

Metal-Free Activation of Sulfite by Benzoquinone-Derived Carbon for Efficient Organic Contaminant Degradation: Identification and Regulation of Active Sites

High‐Performance Aqueous Zinc Batteries Based on Organic/Organic Cathodes Integrating Multiredox Centers

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