High-energy cosmic rays and the Greisen–Zatsepin–Kuz'min effect

Watson, A. A.

doi:10.1088/0034-4885/77/3/036901

Cited by 39 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 105 publications

(212 reference statements)

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“…The nature and origin of UHE cosmic rays (UHECRs) with energies around 10 20 eV is one of the most puzzling questions in particle astrophysics [1,2]. Charged cosmic rays with energy less than ∼ 10 EeV are significantly scattered by the galactic magnetic field and cannot be traced back to their origin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transition radiation at radio frequencies from ultrahigh-energy neutrino-induced showers

et al. 2016

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Coherent radiation at radio frequencies from high-energy showers fully contained in a dense radiotransparent medium -like ice, salt, soil or regolith -has been extensively investigated as a promising technique to search for ultra-high energy (UHE) neutrinos. Additional emission in the form of transition radiation may occur when a neutrino-induced shower produced close to the Earth surface emerges from the ground into atmospheric air. We present the first detailed evaluation of transition radiation from high-energy showers crossing the boundary between two different media. We found that transition radiation is sizable over a wide solid angle and coherent up to ∼ 1 GHz. These properties encourage further work to evaluate the potential of a large-aperture UHE neutrino experiment based on detection of transition radiation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transition radiation at radio frequencies from ultrahigh-energy neutrino-induced showers

et al. 2016

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“…Using the constantly accruing amount of experimental data in IceCube, it will soon be possible to repeat the muon bundle multiplicity measurement with statistics increased by one order of magnitude. Physics issues that can be addressed are the nature of the recently identified structure of the cosmic ray flux beyond the knee [14], the composition of cosmic rays around the ankle with potential implications for the interpretation of the cutoff at EHE energies [23], and investigation of the apparent excess in the number of muons for air showers at energies around 10 19 eV as reported by the Pierre Auger collaboration [24].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cosmic ray physics with TeV muons in large volume detectors

Berghaus¹

2016

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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Abstract. Large volume detectors such as IceCube, designed for the detection of astrophysical neutrinos register cosmic ray-induced atmospheric muon bundles at a rate of several thousand events per second. Due to the large amount of surrounding material, the effective energy threshold for muons reaching the detector typically lies at approximately one TeV. Through careful evaluation of event profiles it is possible to address cosmic ray and particle physics issues in an unprecedented energy region. Results from the analysis of one year of IceCube data are presented and their implications discussed. IntroductionFor underground detectors placed within mountains or below earth or sea level, the amount of material between the surface and the instrumented volume is of the order of several thousand tons per square meter. The only charged particles produced in cosmic ray air showers remaining at detector depth are muons, and even for these the energy threshold lies in the TeV region.Large-volume underground detectors have for a long time been used for cosmic ray physics. The most common and simplest measurement is the zenith angle distribution of atmospheric muons. Although the exact functional form depends on the geometry of the surrounding material, the distance that particles have to traverse before reaching the detector usually increases towards the horizon as a function of the zenith angle θ zen . The muon energy spectrum can be derived by relating threshold energy to the varying distance between surface and detector. Measurements during the early 1990s, summarized in [1], often showed significant excesses over model predictions, a situation that was rectified in 1998 by the LVD collaboration [2], who demonstrated that the muon flux was in fact consistent with air shower simulations based on a primary nucleon flux following a simple power law of the form E −2.78±0.05 .The IceCube array, designed primarily for the detection of astrophysical neutrinos, is the first particle detector with an instrumented volume of the order of a cubic kilometer [3]. The consequent increases in effective area and observable track length represent a significant qualitative advance for the study of cosmic ray physics. In recognition of this fact, the underground detector was complemented with the surface array IceTop, whose primary stated purpose is to measure the electromagnetic component of air showers in coincidence with highenergy muon bundles traversing the main detector volume [4].

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“…The origin and nature of ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) is one of the most intriguing mysteries in particle astrophysics [1]. Given their minute flux, less than one particle per century per square kilometre at the highest energies, a very large area must be instrumented to collect significant statistics.…”

Section: Fluorescence Detector Array Of Single-pixel Telescopes (Fast)mentioning

confidence: 99%

First results from the full-scale prototype for the Fluorescence detector Array of Single-pixel Telescopes

Fujii¹,

Malacari²,

Albury³

et al. 2017

Proceedings of 35th International Cosmic Ray Conference — PoS(ICRC2017)

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The Fluorescence detector Array of Single-pixel Telescopes (FAST) is a design concept for the next generation of ultrahigh-energy cosmic ray (UHECR) observatories, addressing the requirements for a large-area, low-cost detector suitable for measuring the properties of the highest energy cosmic rays. In the FAST design, a large field of view is covered by a few pixels at the focal plane of a mirror or Fresnel lens. Motivated by the successful detection of UHECRs using a prototype comprised of a single 200 mm photomultiplier-tube and a 1 m 2 Fresnel lens system [Astropart.Phys. 74 (2016) 64-72], we have developed a new full-scale prototype consisting of four 200 mm photomultiplier-tubes at the focus of a segmented mirror of 1.6 m in diameter. In October 2016 we installed the full-scale prototype at the Telescope Array site in central Utah, USA, and began steady data taking. We report on first results of the full-scale FAST prototype, including measurements of artificial light sources, distant ultraviolet lasers, and UHECRs.

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High-energy cosmic rays and the Greisen–Zatsepin–Kuz'min effect

Cited by 39 publications

References 105 publications

Transition radiation at radio frequencies from ultrahigh-energy neutrino-induced showers

Transition radiation at radio frequencies from ultrahigh-energy neutrino-induced showers

Cosmic ray physics with TeV muons in large volume detectors

First results from the full-scale prototype for the Fluorescence detector Array of Single-pixel Telescopes

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