High Energy Activation Data Library (HEAD-2009)

Korovin, Yu.A.; Natalenko, A.A.; Konobeyev, A. Yu.; Stankovskiy, Alexey; Mashinik, S. G.

doi:10.3938/jkps.59.1080

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…In Ref. [58], an estimate of the tritium production rate in NaI of (83±27) kg −1 d −1 was obtained, by convoluting a selected description of the excitation functions (based on the TENDL [60] and HEAD [61] libraries) with the cosmic neutron spectrum at sea level (as parameterized in [62]) 2 . For the range of this estimated production rate and the deduced tritium activities in D0 and D2, the exposure times are between 0.8 and 1.6 years and 4.2 and 8.4 months, respectively.…”

Section: Hmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of backgrounds for the ANAIS-112 dark matter experiment

et al. 2019

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The ANAIS (Annual modulation with NaI(Tl) Scintillators) experiment aims at the confirmation or refutation of the DAMA/LIBRA positive annual modulation signal in the low energy detection rate, using the same target and technique, at the Canfranc Underground Laboratory (LSC) in Spain. ANAIS-112, consisting of nine 12.5 kg NaI(Tl) modules produced by Alpha Spectra Inc. in a 3×3 matrix configuration, is taking data smoothly in "dark matter search" mode since August, 2017, after a commissioning phase and operation of the first detectors during the last years in various set-ups. A large effort has been carried out within ANAIS to characterize the background of sodium iodide detectors, before unblinding the data and performing the first annual modulation analysis. Here, the background models developed for all the nine ANAIS-112 detectors are presented. Measured spectra from threshold to high energy in different conditions are well described by the models based on quantified activities independently estimated following several approaches. In the region from 1 to 6 keV ee the measured, efficiency corrected background level is 3.58±0.02 keV −1 kg −1 d −1 ; NaI crystal bulk contamination is the dominant background source being 210 Pb, 40 K, 22 Na and 3 H contributions the most relevant ones. This background level, added to the achieved 1 keV ee analysis threshold (thanks to the outstanding light collection and robust filtering procedures developed), allow ANAIS-112 to be sensitive to the modulation amplitude measured by DAMA/LIBRA, and able to explore at three sigma level in five years the WIMP parameter region singled out by this experiment. a

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Section: Hmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of backgrounds for the ANAIS-112 dark matter experiment

et al. 2019

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“…The available information on the excitation function by nucleons has been firstly collected, as shown in figure 8: only one experimental result was found in the EXFOR database [55] from [56] and cross sections were taken from the TENDL-2013/2015 (TALYS-based Evaluated Nuclear Data Library) library [57] up to 150/ 200 MeV and from the HEAD-2009 (High Energy Activation Data) library [58] for higher energies up to 1000 MeV. Above 1 GeV, a constant production cross-section from the last available energy has been assumed.…”

Section: Gasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Background assessment for the TREX dark matter experiment

et al. 2019

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TREX-DM is conceived to look for low-mass Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) using a gas Time Projection Chamber equipped with Micromegas readout planes at the Canfranc Underground Laboratory. The detector can hold in the active volume ∼20 l of pressurized gas up to 10 bar, corresponding to 0.30 kg of Ar or 0.16 kg of Ne. The Micromegas are read with a self-triggered acquisition, being thresholds below 0.4 keV (electron equivalent) at reach. A low background level in the lowest energy region is another essential requirement. To assess the expected background, all the relevant sources have been considered, including the measured fluxes of gamma radiation, muons and neutrons at the Canfranc Laboratory, together with the activity of most of the components used in the detector and ancillary systems, obtained in a complete assay program. The background contributions have been simulated by means of a dedicated application based on Geant4 and a custom-made code for the detector response. The background model developed for the detector presently installed in Canfranc points to levels from 1 to 10 counts keV −1 kg −1 d −1 in the region of interest, making TREX-DM competitive in the search for low-mass WIMPs. A roadmap to further decrease it down to 0.1 counts keV −1 kg −1 d −1 is underway.

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“…• Library HEAD-2009 (High Energy Activation Data) [56] merges data for neutrons and protons from 150 MeV to 1 GeV. Here, data from HEPAD-2008 (High-Energy Proton Activation Data) sub-library have been considered, obtained using a selection of models and codes (CEM 03.01, CASCADE/INPE, MCNPX 2.6.0, .…”

Section: Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cosmogenic production of tritium in dark matter detectors

Amaré

Castel

Cebrián

et al. 2018

Astroparticle Physics

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The direct detection of dark matter particles requires ultra-low background conditions at energies below a few tens of keV. Radioactive isotopes are produced via cosmogenic activation in detectors and other materials and those isotopes constitute a background source which has to be under control. In particular, tritium is specially relevant due to its decay properties (very low endpoint energy and long half-life) when induced in the detector medium, and because it can be generated in any material as a spallation product. Quantification of cosmogenic production of tritium is not straightforward, neither experimentally nor by calculations. In this work, a method for the calculation of production rates at sea level has been developed and applied to some of the materials typically used as targets in dark matter detectors (germanium, sodium iodide, argon and neon); it is based on a selected description of tritium production cross sections over the entire energy range of cosmic nucleons. Results have been compared to available data in the literature, either based on other calculations or from measurements. The obtained tritium production rates, ranging from a few tens to a few hundreds of nuclei per kg and per day at sea level, point to a significant contribution to the background in dark matter experiments, requiring the application of specific protocols for target material purification, material storing underground and limiting the time the detector is on surface during the building process in order to minimize the exposure to the most dangerous cosmic ray components.Comment: Final version as publishe

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High Energy Activation Data Library (HEAD-2009)

Abstract: A proton activation data library for 682 nuclides from

Cited by 6 publications

References 1 publication

Analysis of backgrounds for the ANAIS-112 dark matter experiment

Analysis of backgrounds for the ANAIS-112 dark matter experiment

Background assessment for the TREX dark matter experiment

Cosmogenic production of tritium in dark matter detectors

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