High-efficient fire-safe epoxy enabled by bio-based atomic-level catalytic engineering

Tailored Catalysis Inducing Exceptionally Fire-Safe and Mechanically Reinforced Epoxy at An Ultralow Loading

“…An interfacial incorporation of 0.6 wt % Fe x S y nanoflakes did not visibly alter thermal degradation curves, yet promoted a charring process after 300 °C and before 400 °C. A marginal alteration in degradation curves reflected a catalytic charring behavior by Fe x S y in a more rapid protocol at a relatively low temperature, which was in good agreement with our previous reports . In an in situ XRD study in Figure c,d, EP/2LDH-DBS@Fe x S y did not present a visible change between 300 and 500 °C after 20 and 50 min.…”

“…A marginal alteration in degradation curves reflected a catalytic charring behavior by Fe x S y in a more rapid protocol at a relatively low temperature, which was in good agreement with our previous reports. 20 In an in situ XRD study in Figure 7c,d, EP/2LDH-DBS@Fe x S y did not present a visible change between 300 and 500 °C after 20 and 50 min. Comparatively, a transformation of the main peak location of EP/2LDH-DBS was visible between 400 and 500 °C, which hinted a thermal degradation and charring process of epoxy resin.…”

“…The key scientific issue was accordingly to select a proper catalytic species with a suitable state for velocity-tailored catalysis. Distinct from nickel- and cobalt-based nanocatalysts, , an iron-based catalyst presented a more remarkable divergence with a coexisting catalytic decomposition and catalytic charring toward the epoxy matrix. , The decomposed products from the catalytic decomposition of epoxy provided a constituent fuel for a catalytic charring behavior toward a polyaromatic charring reaction. Aiming to accelerate the charring behavior, an iron-based nanocatalyst featured a relatively weaker catalytic decomposition and stronger catalytic charring was desirable.…”

Catalytic effect of metal ions on flame‐retardant cellulose paper with montmorillonite through layer‐by‐layer self‐assembly

“…It may be a simple, environmentally friendly and efficient flame‐retardant strategy. At the same time, the application of metallic elements to the flame retardancy of polymers has been found to have catalytic effects 34 . Wang believes that metal ions (Me) have a catalytic carbonization effect on the flame retardancy of cotton fabrics, 35 Zhong believes that zinc ion cross‐linked sodium alginate modified hexagonal boron nitride can enhance the flame retardant properties of composite coatings, 36 and Zhang believes that adding iron ions can enhance flame retardancy of biomass‐based cotton fabrics, 37 so the construction of different Me modified MMT flame retardant systems may enable cellulose paper to obtain different flame‐retardant properties.…”

Preparation and performance study of waterproof and breathable layer of alginate/aramid-based fabrics and flame-retardant multilayer combination

“…To cope with the severe and complex fire environment, it is necessary to improve the flame-retardant performance of the waterproof and breathable layer, to enhance the performance of the overall fire suit. Some new functional materials and technologies have emerged [ 14 , 15 ], such as aerogel [ 16–19 ], phase change materials [ 20 ], basalt fibers [ 21 ], and other materials and their applications. Aerogel nonwoven fabrics were used as reinforcement materials for waterproof and breathable layers of firefighting suits to reduce the risk of burns, increase comfort, and enhance the protection of the human body [ 22 ].…”