High‐efficiency utilization of carbon materials for supercapacitors

Abstract

With the rapid development of mobile electronics and electric vehicles, the future development of supercapacitors focuses on not only high energy and power densities but also device minimization and lightweight. Although activated carbon based on an electric double-layer mechanism has been used in commercialized supercapacitors, it is unsatisfied with the ever-increasing demands for high energy and power device in a limited space. Therefore, it is urgent for the design and preparation of advanced carbon electrode materials with both high gravimetric and volumetric performance without sacrificing their inherent high-rate ability and long-lifespan. This review presents the latest developments in highefficiency utilization of carbon materials for supercapacitors including the carbon surface and space. We discuss the impact of pore engineering, conductive network, and surface engineering on the energy storage ability of the carbon materials, and highlight the synthesis and characterization as well as the relationship between their structural properties and electrochemical performance. Finally, future research towards developing advanced carbon supercapacitors, perspectives, and challenges are outlined.

Recent Developments of Transition Metal Compounds-Carbon Hybrid Electrodes for High Energy/Power Supercapacitors

“…As reported, various heteroatoms co-dopped in the carbon matrix could play specific roles, such as N atom boosting capacitance [ 88 ], P atom operating potential window in aqueous electrolyte [ 89 , 90 ], O atom promoting the electrode–electrolyte interaction [ 91 , 92 ], and so on [ 93 ]. Moreover, the multiple atoms co-doped in the carbon skeleton can play a synergistic coupling effect and effectively improve the electrochemical activities of TMCs/carbon-based electrodes [ 94 ]. For example, Hou et al [ 17 ] synthesized Ni/Co-OOH nanosheets decorated with N, S co-doped carbon fragments (NSCF) through an in situ electrochemical self-reconstruction method (Fig.…”

Trends on the Development of Hybrid Supercapacitor Electrodes from the Combination of Graphene and Polyaniline

“…18 An ideal SC electrode should possess the following criteria: high SSA, controlled porosity, high electrical conductivity, high thermal and chemical stability, environmental friendliness, and low cost. [18][19] Gn, a carbon-based material with a honeycomb monolayer structure, represents a promising candidate as the electrode material for SCs. [20][21] Gn consists of all-sp 2hybridized carbon, contributing to its electron delocalization and high thermal and electrical conductivity.…”

Superior supercapacitive performance of Cu2MnSnS4 asymmetric devices

“…Eco-friendly and efficient energy storage systems are emerging as an urgent need to meet the ever-increasing energy demands. Supercapacitors (SCs) in particular are attracting unparalleled attention because of low weight, high power density, rapid charge discharge, extended cyclic ability and robustness [1,2]. The current carbon-based SCs are affected by low energy density when compared to batteries.…”