High-Efficiency Semitransparent Organic Solar Cells with Non-Fullerene Acceptor for Window Application

Upama, Mushfika Baishakhi; Wright, Matthew; Elumalai, Naveen Kumar; Mahmud, Arafat; Wang, Dian; Xu, Cheng; Uddin, Ashraf

doi:10.1021/acsphotonics.7b00618

Cited by 98 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The relatively large bandgap of P3HT (1.9 eV) is mainly responsible for low PCEs in ST‐OSCs. Later, using medium bandgap polymer PBDB‐T with widely used ITIC , Upama et al reported ST‐OSC with a higher PCE of 7% and an AVT of 25% …”

Section: Other Aspects Of Frea Oscsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress in Molecular Design of Fused Ring Electron Acceptors for Organic Solar Cells

Dey

2019

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130

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The quest for sustainable energy sources has led to accelerated growth in research of organic solar cells (OSCs). A solution‐processed bulk‐heterojunction (BHJ) OSC generally contains a donor and expensive fullerene acceptors (FAs). The last 20 years have been devoted by the OSC community to developing donor materials, specifically low bandgap polymers, to complement FAs in BHJs. The current improvement from ≈2.5% in 2013 to 17.3% in 2018 in OSC performance is primarily credited to novel nonfullerene acceptors (NFA), especially fused ring electron acceptors (FREAs). FREAs offer unique advantages over FAs, like broad absorption of solar radiation, and they can be extensively chemically manipulated to tune optoelectronic and morphological properties. Herein, the current status in FREA‐based OSCs is summarized, such as design strategies for both wide and narrow bandgap FREAs for BHJ, all‐small‐molecule OSCs, semi‐transparent OSC, ternary, and tandem solar cells. The photovoltaics parameters for FREAs are summarized and discussed. The focus is on the various FREA structures and their role in optical and morphological tuning. Besides, the advantages and drawbacks of both FAs and NFAs are discussed. Finally, an outlook in the field of FREA‐OSCs for future material design and challenges ahead is provided.

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Section: Other Aspects Of Frea Oscsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress in Molecular Design of Fused Ring Electron Acceptors for Organic Solar Cells

Dey

2019

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“…The blended film can fully use the light at 500–800 nm region, which is different from P3HT‐based ST‐OSCs. The ST‐OSCs with a structure of ITO/ZnO/PBDB‐T:ITIC/MoO 3 (6 nm)/Ag (10 nm)/MoO 3 (40 nm) exhibit a PCE of 7% and an AVT of 25% …”

Section: Nonfullerene‐based St‐oscsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonfullerene Acceptors for Semitransparent Organic Solar Cells

Dai

Zhan

2018

Advanced Energy Materials

164

110

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The FF is defined as the ratio of the maximum power (P max ) divided by the product of V OC and J SCThe second important parameter of ST-OSCs is transparency. The transparency or transmittance of ST-OSCs is usually characterized by measuring the average visible transmittance (AVT) of the device in the visible region (370-740 nm) with UV-vis spectrophotometer. The requirement of AVT is up to real applications, for example, an AVT of 25% is a basic requirement for the window application. [47] Color is the third parameter of ST-OSCs, which is determined by the photoactive layers and electrodes. CIE 1931 xy chromaticity diagram [53] can be used to characterize the color properties of ST-OSCs. The color coordinate (x,y) of ST-OSCs is calculated from the corresponding transmitted light. The color rendering property is the fourth parameter of ST-OSCs. Generally, the color rendering property is determined by color rendering index (CRI). CRI is an indicator of neutral color degree, which can be calculated from the transmitted light. [54] To realize semitransparency of OSCs, both electrodes must be transparent, allowing not only the light to get in, but also the visible light to partially pass through. A number of transparent electrodes were reported, such as indium tin oxide (ITO), thin metals (Ag or Au), [55][56][57][58][59] poly(ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(st yrene-sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS), [60][61][62] Ag nanowires, [63][64][65][66][67] and graphene. [68,69] Because there are a couple of reviews focused on the transparent electrodes, [47,52] we will not discuss transparent electrodes in this Research News.Since there is a compromise between the PCE and the AVT of ST-OSCs, in order to achieve high PCE and high AVT simultaneously, an ideal active layer should have strong nearinfrared (NIR) absorption but weak visible absorption. This kind of active layer can sufficiently utilize NIR solar irradiation to achieve high PCE, while maintain high transparency of visible light. Very recently, ST-OSCs based on narrow-band-gap polymer donors and narrow-band-gap nonfullerene acceptors exhibited PCEs up to >10%. [70] However, ST-OSCs were mainly based on blends of fullerene acceptors and poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and exhibited low PCEs (<3%) with lower J SC at the early stage. [71,72] In order to extend absorption of the active layer and enhance the J SC of OSCs, a number of donors with medium and low band gaps have been synthesized (Figure 1), and their absorption edges extend from 600 nm (P3HT) to NIR region, [73][74][75][76][77][78][79][80][81][82][83] for instance, PBDTTT-C-T, [84] PTB7, [85][86][87] Semitransparent organic solar cells (ST-OSCs) have appealing features, such as flexibility, transparency, and color in addition to generating clean energy, and therefore show potential applications in building integrated photovoltaics and photovoltaic vehicles. Concerted efforts in materials synthesis (particularly low-band-gap polymer donors and nonfullerene acceptors) and device optimization (particularly incorporating transpa...

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“…Recently, the ultrathin metal film has adopted as one of the transparent electrodes in the semitransparent photovoltaic devices, which can also be used as both anode and cathode simultaneously in one single transparent solar cell . However, the efficiency of such kind of device could be limited by the relative low light absorption of active layer due to the shortened light path.…”

Section: The Front Metal Electrodementioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Novel Metal Electrodes for Photovoltaic Applications

Ren

Ouyang

et al. 2018

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Emerging novel metal electrodes not only serve as the collector of free charge carriers, but also function as light trapping designs in photovoltaics. As a potential alternative to commercial indium tin oxide, transparent electrodes composed of metal nanowire, metal mesh, and ultrathin metal film are intensively investigated and developed for achieving high optical transmittance and electrical conductivity. Moreover, light trapping designs via patterning of the back thick metal electrode into different nanostructures, which can deliver a considerable efficiency improvement of photovoltaic devices, contribute by the plasmon-enhanced light-mattering interactions. Therefore, here the recent works of metal-based transparent electrodes and patterned back electrodes in photovoltaics are reviewed, which may push the future development of this exciting field.

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High-Efficiency Semitransparent Organic Solar Cells with Non-Fullerene Acceptor for Window Application

Cited by 98 publications

References 40 publications

Recent Progress in Molecular Design of Fused Ring Electron Acceptors for Organic Solar Cells

Recent Progress in Molecular Design of Fused Ring Electron Acceptors for Organic Solar Cells

Nonfullerene Acceptors for Semitransparent Organic Solar Cells

Emerging Novel Metal Electrodes for Photovoltaic Applications

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