2021
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21234-z
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High-efficiency magnetic refrigeration using holmium

Abstract: Magnetic refrigeration (MR) is a method of cooling matter using a magnetic field. Traditionally, it has been studied for use in refrigeration near room temperature; however, recently MR research has also focused on a target temperature as low as 20 K for hydrogen liquefaction. Most research to date has employed high magnetic fields (at least 5 T) to obtain a large entropy change, which requires a superconducting magnet and, therefore, incurs a large energy cost. Here we propose an alternative highly efficient … Show more

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Cited by 73 publications
(30 citation statements)
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“…Magnetic materials with promising functional performances have attracted increasing research interests due to their own potential or practical applications in various industries and our daily life aspects [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. The magnetocaloric (MC) effect-based solid-state magnetic refrigeration (MR) technology has been well recognized as an alternative technology to the presently used commercialized gas compression technology [5][6][7][8][9]. The MC effect is an inherent thermodynamic response, and it generally exists in various types of magnetic materials.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…Magnetic materials with promising functional performances have attracted increasing research interests due to their own potential or practical applications in various industries and our daily life aspects [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. The magnetocaloric (MC) effect-based solid-state magnetic refrigeration (MR) technology has been well recognized as an alternative technology to the presently used commercialized gas compression technology [5][6][7][8][9]. The MC effect is an inherent thermodynamic response, and it generally exists in various types of magnetic materials.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The MC effect is an inherent thermodynamic response, and it generally exists in various types of magnetic materials. The magnitudes of the MC effect have a strong correlation with the corresponding magnetic phase transition (MPT); therefore, the investigation of the MC effects of magnetic materials can provide considerable valuable information for the better understanding of MPT [5][6][7][8][9]. Therefore, many magnetic materials have been synthesized and systematically determined with regard to the magnetic proper-ties, MPT, and MC performances not only to search for suitable candidates for active MR application at cryogenic and near room temperature but also to better understand the MPT of magnetic materials [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In recent years, various magnetic materials with outstanding performances have been developed and attracted extensive research interest [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. Among them, the solid-state magnetic cooling (MC) method based on the magnetocaloric effect (MCE) of magnetic solids has been recognized as one of the most potential promising environmentally friendly and high-efficiency alternative methods to the well-used state-of-the-art gas compression cooling technique [1][2][3]. The MCE is a magnetothermodynamic response which manifests the temperature (entropy) change of magnetic solids by applying or removing the magnetic field.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In addition, searching new materials of a large magnetocaloric effect is currently a hot topic to develop magnetic refrigeration [37], which will achieve high energy efficiency and will be used for hydrogen liquefaction [38]. In particular, a metamagnetic phase transition will be utilized to achieve a large magnetocaloric effect due to a considerable entropy change [39]. From this perspective, it is also important to establish a canonical phase diagram of itinerant ferromagnetism as well as metamagnetism.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%